Establishing Legitimacy in Emerging Markets: An Empirical Comparison of the Warsaw, Budapest, and Prague Stock Exchanges

The purpose of this analysis is to investigate the influence of economic and sociological institutional constraints in determining the legitimacy of firms. This study specifically looks at the importance of regulatory and transnational institutional constraints for firms traded on the Warsaw, Budapest, and Prague stock exchanges. The results indicate that a well-regulated securities environment has a direct impact on the ability of firms to establish organizational legitimacy. We also find that, lacking local regulation, firms can increase their legitimacy by adopting international accounting standards. Thus, we find support for the assertion that both economic and sociological solutions to the problem of legitimacy are appropriate for firms operating in an emerging market.     

Masculinity and Transitional Justice: An Exploratory Essay

In recent years, there has been a growing focus on includingwomen in transitional justice processes. Some scholars questionwhether transitional justice mechanisms take obstacles for women,such as ongoing domestic violence, into account. This articlefollows this line of inquiry using the prism of ongoing violenceagainst women in South Africa. It focuses on masculinity, andquestions the degree to which masculinity, and violent masculinitiesin particular, are considered in transitional justice studies.The article calls for a nuanced understanding of masculinitiesand their relationship to transitional justice, and sets parametersfor a more concerted study of the subject.     

柯热夫:主奴辩证法中的欲望关系

柯热夫是20世纪上半叶法国著名思想家,经过他的解读,使黑格尔哲学成功地反击了当时一统天下的新康德主义,而成为法国学界共同的理论基底.他的解读的焦点,是<精神现象学>中的主奴辩证法,其解读逻辑中的最重要的关键词是关系性自我意识和他人的欲望.     

Application Districts: An Emerging Spatial Form in the Computer Software Industry

This paper presents a stylized theory of the geography of the computer software industry. It is timely because countries around the world, and at different stages of development, have targeted that industry for attention because of its growth and stability, and the quality of the jobs it provides. I demonstrate that the software industry is decentralizing away from the centers that were first established in the 1970s, but there is no process of de-concentration underway. Old clusters are losing their share of national employment, but they are being replaced by new clusters, and not by a generalized dispersal of the industry. I explain this pattern in terms of a spatial division of labor emerging in the software industry. This division is not based on a low-skill/high-skill labor dichotomy, as in high tech manufacturing, but on a distinction within high-skilled labor between those working on general-purpose technology and those developing applications for specific uses. I call the new clusters where specialized applications are developed application districts.     

An Essay on Officialism (Guanben Zhuyi): A Political Analysis of Chinese Traditional Society

This paper formulates a new paradigm, ‘officialism’ (Guanben Zhuyi or 官本主义), and uses it to analyse China’s traditional society. The author argues that officialism is an official based doctrine and a political culture and socio-political system which takes official power and authority as its core element. Under this culture and system, relationships of official power and authority are the most important social relationships. They become the basic standard for measuring a person’s social value, and they are the determining factor influencing a person’s social status and social attributes. In traditional China, monarchism (Junzhu Zhuyi) (君主主义) was the highest form of officialism. Despotism is the representative characteristic of officialism. People-based doctrine (Minben Zhuyi or 民本主义) is the political ideal that is the antithesis of despotism. Democracy with the rule of law is the only way of smashing officialism and of spurring traditional political civilization to head towards modern political civilization.     

Review Essay: Death and Delusion on the Trade Front

Books reviewed in this article: How to Kill a Country: Australia's Devastating Trade Deal with the United States Linda Weiss, Elizabeth Thurbon and John Matthews All the Way with the USA: Australia, the US and Free Trade Ann Capling Community and Local Governance in Australia Paul Smyth, Tim Reddel and Andrew Jones (eds) The Thirty Year Problem: The Politics of Australian Tax Reform Richard Eccleston Into the Future: The Neglect of the Long Term in Australian Politics Ian Marsh and David Yencken Yes, Premier: Labor leadership in Australia's States and Territories John Wanna and Paul Williams (eds) Making and Breaking Universities Bruce Williams Ethics and organisational politics Chris Provis Power Politics. The electricity crisis and you John Spoehr (ed) Markets in Vice, Markets in Virtue John Braithwaite Pensions: Challenges and Reforms, International Studies on Social Security, Vol. 9 Editors Einar Overbye and Peter A. Kemp     

Markets,Hierarchies, and Networks: An Agent‐Based Organizational Ecology

Markets, hierarchies, and networks are widely understood to be the three primary forms of social organization. In this article, we study the choice between these forms in a general, agent‐based model (ABM) of cooperation. The organizational ecology is the product, an emergent property, of the set of choices made by agents contingent on their individual attributes and beliefs about the population of agents. This is one of the first attempts to theorize explicitly the choice between different organizational forms, especially networks and hierarchies, and certainly the first to do so in an ABM. The insights of the model are applied to current research on transnational networks, social capital, and the sources of hierarchy and especially autocracy.