A Web-based Decision Support System for Divorce Lawyers

This paper discusses the design and development of a prototype web based expert system for calculating financial provision awards when a couple divorce in Scotland. The function of the system is primarily to help trainee lawyers to understand the structure and content of the matrimonial property and divorce domain, and to access case law available on the web in a systematic fashion. The system currently focuses on evaluating what property belonging to the parties should be included in "matrimonial property". We felt that an expert systems approach was appropriate for the domain of financial provision on divorce, since the modelling and application of expertise by an expert system is thought to be helpful in promoting "active learning". An e-commerce style interface was used for gathering information, and the complete text of the Family Law (Scotland) 1985 is also available in the system, often with hyperlinks to the main narrative body of the system. The system is designed to support an advisory, negotiating or mediatory role, rather than an adversarial one, since Scottish solicitors have a preference for seeking consensual negotiated settlements. A practical and useful future extension to the system would be to permit the drafting of electronic documents resulting from negotiated settlements, such as minutes or joint minutes of agreement.     

Predicting Support for Affirmative Action in Educational Admissions

Social Justice Research - The present study examines predictors of support for ethnicity-based affirmative action (AA) in college admissions. There is considerable work focused on predicting...     

试论“首要标准”的制度支持

贯彻落实中央领导提出的“首要标准”要求，必须以监狱刑罚执行为基础，以教育改造活动为载体，以社会帮教安置为保障，通过科学的制度设计，切实完善监狱工作以刑罚执行为核心的制度体系，才能真正实现惩罚和预防犯罪的目的，有效提高教育改造质量，保护公民合法权益，促进社会公平正义。     

经济转型条件下吉林省中小企业融资的政府支持方向简

吉林省中小企业发展起步较晚,与发达省份相比差距很大,并且面临诸多问题,其中以融资难问题最为突出.本文分析了吉林省中小企业融资存在的问题和融资难的原因,并就经济转型条件下吉林省中小企业融资的政府支持方向进行探讨,提出实施中小企业转型升级与成长工程,建立科学高效的中小企业融资支持体系,构建功能齐全的中小企业信贷服务体系等建议,以期对中小企业走出融资困境有所裨益.     

Police Support for Community Problem-Solving and Broken Windows Policing

This paper explores overall police officer acceptance of tactics and tenets of broken windows and community problem-solving policing. It assesses differential support for each by police officer characteristics (i.e., race/ethnicity, gender, rank, education level, years of service, and assignment). This study presents the findings of a survey of 227 sworn police personnel from two urban police departments. Univariate analyses reveal the levels of support that police have for certain police tactics and tenets of broken windows and community problem-solving policing. Regression analyses examine the relationship between key officer characteristics and support for these tactics and tenets as measured by respondents’ agreement with various items and indices. Findings include support for community problem-solving (and also a reliance on traditional policing methods); a lag in investigators’ acceptance of community problem-solving; and differences by officer race/ethnicity, education, rank, and assignment in indices related to broken windows and rapid response policing. The differential acceptance of broken windows and rapid response tactics by race/ethnicity suggests interesting implications for future studies of race/ethnicity and broken windows policing. The greater acceptance of certain tactics by patrol officers supports current moves toward innovating in police investigations’ bureaus.     

略论我国生态文明建设中的环境法律支持

生态文明建设作为我国当前建设和谐社会的一个重要环节,其开展需要环境法律的强力支持。当前我国环境法律对生态文明建设起着一定的支持作用,但也存在着立法理念错位与落后、环境法律体系尚不完备、实践中执法效果不佳等弊端。因此,必须以生态文明建设的价值取向指导环境立法理念的更新,建立符合我国生态文明现状的环境法律体系,提高实际执行能力,实现生态文明建设。     

Changes in Legislative Support for the Governor's Program Over Time

Abstract This study examines changes in legislative support for the governor's legislative agenda in Georgia during the governor's first term in office (1991–94). I analyze the factors that led legislators to support the governor's agenda, as well as how the level of support changed between election years and off‐years. I use multivariate OLS models of gubernatorial support to determine how support varied (1) between the parties, (2) between factions within parties, and (3) over time. I find that there was wide variation in support among factions in the majority party and that support varied widely between election years and off‐years.     

行政许可:技术支持与归责制度的创新

行政许可是一种涉及知识性、规范性、专业性、政策性的综合性行政活动,技术规范、技术标准在许可决定作出过程中已经开始扮演着重要角色。对于掌握技术规范、标准的专业技术组织而言,其与行政许可机关的关系,法律地位、法律责任的归属不仅会影响到行政许可本身的公平正当,而且会对正确认识市场、社会、政府之间的关系具有重要借鉴意义。     

论我国对科技型中小企业的财政政策扶持体系

随着经济全球化和科学技术的加速发展,科技型中小企业成为推动一国经济发展越来越重要的力量.然而,由于科技型中小企业先天不足,在其发展的道路上遇到了许多障碍和困难,因此需要政府财政政策的大力扶持.通过对科技型中小企业的经济分析,可以充分体现财政扶持的有效性和可行性.我国应借鉴别国的经验,根据自身的实际和需要,合理地制订财政补贴政策、政府采购政策和税收优惠政策,对科技型中小企业给予全方位的扶持.     

Examining Causal Attributions Towards Crime on Support for Offender Rehabilitation

This study investigates the predictors of support for rehabilitation among 899 residents of one county in Western New York. The results from the current study indicate that respondents strongly support rehabilitation as a goal of punishment. The findings show that sex and political ideology are important predictors of support with females and those holding a more liberal political ideology being more supportive of rehabilitation than males and conservatives. In addition, the study found support for the idea that one’s causal attributions towards crime influence their views toward punishment. Five of the causal attribution scales assessing support for different theoretical perspectives (strain/critical, social bond/attachment, deterrence, biological, and labeling) were found to significantly impact one’s overall support for rehabilitation.