Foreword papers in honor of chester I. Barnard

I hope that I will not be regarded as demeaning either myself or my fellow contributors to these papers in honor of Chester Barnard if I suggest that the most valuable product of this exercise may be to cause some readers who have never done so to read The Functions of the Executive, and some others who have done so in the distant past, to read it again.⁽¹⁾ Barnard's book is often referred to as "hard," both in the senses of hard to read and rigorous; no one is likely to recommend if for bedtime or ocean beach reading. But I believe that its "hardness" is closely related to the depth and rigor of its ideas, and that it is written about as clearly and simply as the nature of these ideas will admit. Barnard does not use long words where short words will do, nor many words where few will do. For anyone who devotes thought to organizations, its messages are pretty clear, and refreshingly creative. When read attentively, it can be read with enjoyment.     

技术轴心时代(下)--《后工业社会的来临》1999年版前言

五社会地理学材料革命和全球化在历史上 ,每个社会都由三类基础设施维系 ,它们是民族间贸易和交往的枢纽和途径。首先是交通 :河流、道路、运河 ,在当代是铁路、高速公路和航空。其次是能源系统 :水力、电网、石油和天然气管线等。第三是通讯 :邮政系统 (沿交通干道而设 ) ,然后是电报 (通讯史上的首次突破 )、电话、无线电 ,现代的从微波到人造卫星等整套的新技术手段。交通是最大最古老的系统。当道路的修筑使各地相通从而使贸易和交换得以进行时 ,社会各方面的孤立状态开始被打破。人们聚居于道路枢纽或河流交汇和湖湾处 :商人携货物驻足…