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1.
Socialization and individual differences were examined as antecedents of moral motivation in representative samples of 15-year-old
adolescents (N = 1,258; 54% female) and 21-year-old young adults (N = 584; 53% female). The adolescents’ primary caregivers (N = 1,056) also participated. The strength of moral motivation was rated by participants’ responses to two hypothetical moral
dilemmas in terms of action decisions, emotion attributions, and justifications. Socialization was measured by the perceived
quality of friendship, parent–child relationships, and educational background. The importance attached to social justice and
various personality traits were also assessed. Adolescents’ moral motivation was positively associated with the quality of
their parent–child relationship and the importance of social justice. Young adults’ moral motivation was predicted by the
perceived quality of friendships, the importance of social justice, and agreeableness. For both groups, moral motivation was
greater in females. The theoretical implications of the findings for the development of moral motivation are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Intergenerational cultural dissonance (ICD)—a clash between parents and children over cultural values—is a frequent issue
for Asian American youth. Using longitudinal data from the Cross Cultural Families Project, this study examines the mechanisms
by which ICD contributes to problem behaviors, including whether ICD predicts parent–child conflict, whether parent–child
conflict then has a direct effect on youth problem behavior, and whether positive bonding with parents mediates the effects
of such conflict on youth problem behaviors among Vietnamese (n = 164) and Cambodian (n = 163) families with adolescents [average age = 15.2 years (SD = 1.05)]. The results from the path analyses show that, in both groups, ICD indirectly predicts problem behaviors by increasing
parent–child conflict, which in turn weakens positive parent–child bonding. Interventions that target youths’ perception of
intergenerational cultural gaps, help them manage conflict, and help strengthen bonds with parents may prevent problem behaviors
among Cambodian and Vietnamese families. This study contributes to inform how to effectively prevent problems and difficulties
among these families.
相似文献
Yoonsun ChoiEmail: |
3.
Glenn I. Roisman Cathryn Booth-LaForce Elizabeth Cauffman Susan Spieker The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(10):1294-1303
From a longitudinal sample (n = 957; 49.9% male; 77.3% White/non-Hispanic) of participants studied from infancy through age 15, adolescents’ depth of engagement
in, and quality of romantic relationships were predicted from early and contemporaneous parent–child interactive quality and
peer social competence. High quality maternal parenting and peer experiences prior to and during adolescence tended to be
negatively associated with the depth of engagement in this domain for the full sample, yet positively associated with the
quality of adolescents’ romantic relationships for the sub-set of individuals currently dating at age 15. Results reconcile
contrasting views of the origins of romantic relationship engagement and quality and the positive versus negative developmental
salience of romantic relationships in adolescence. 相似文献
4.
Katherine H. Shelton Gordon T. Harold Tom A. Fowler Frances J. Rice Michael C. Neale Anita Thapar Marianne B. M. van den Bree 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(10):1216-1228
This study investigated genetic and environmental influences on the associations between mother–child relationship quality
(warmth and hostility) and adolescent conduct problems and cigarette use. Participants included 601 mothers and adolescent
twin pairs (aged 12–17 years). Mothers and adolescents provided separate reports of mother-to-child warmth and hostility.
A combined measure of mother and adolescent reported conduct problems was used while adolescents provided reports of their
cigarette use. Analyses were conducted using bivariate genetic analyses of correlated factors models and regression analyses
of monozygotic twin differences. Genetic influences were found for most ratings of the parent–child relationship, with evidence
of gender and/or rater-specificity for some measures. The relationship between mother–child hostility with adolescent conduct
problems and cigarette use was influenced by genetic and environmental effects. Evidence was found for shared environment
effects on the relationship between mother–child warmth and conduct problems. Examining monozygotic twin differences provided
further support for non-shared environmental influence on the relationship between mothers’ expressions of hostility and low
warmth and adolescent adjustment. Findings are discussed in relation to the interplay between genetic and environmental effects
underlying links between parent–child relations and adolescent behavior problems.
相似文献
Katherine H. SheltonEmail: |
5.
Individuals experiencing non-suicidal self-injurious (NSSI) thoughts only are greatly overlooked by current research. This
investigation aimed at determining how three groups of university students differed in their reported quality of childhood
relationships with parents, and histories of physical and sexual abuses. These groups included students experiencing only
NSSI thoughts (n = 126), students engaging in NSSI actions (n = 90), and students exhibiting neither (n = 1,080). Results showed that individuals experiencing NSSI thoughts only, and those engaging in NSSI actions reported poorer
relationships with parents and more physical abuse than the No NSSI group; however, NSSI thoughts and NSSI action groups had
similar outcomes to one another for most variables. These findings suggest that individuals experiencing only NSSI thoughts
share similar negative childhood environments associated with engagement in NSSI action and that they should be included in
future research, particularly investigations aimed at identifying protective factors that could prevent them from engaging
in NSSI. 相似文献
6.
Wendi L. Johnson Peggy C. Giordano Wendy D. Manning Monica A. Longmore 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(7):786-799
There is a long tradition of studying parent–child relationships and adolescent delinquency. However, the association between
parent–child relationships and criminal offending during young adulthood is less well understood. Although the developmental
tasks of young adulthood tend to focus on intimate relationships, employment, and family formation, the parent–child bond
persists over the life course and likely continues to inform and shape behavior beyond adolescence. Using data from the Toledo
Adolescent Relationships Study (TARS), the influence of parental involvement on patterns of offending among respondents interviewed
first as adolescents (mean age of 15 years), and later as young adults (mean age of 20 years), is examined. The TARS sample
used for our study (N = 1,007) is demographically diverse (49.5% female; 25.3% Black; 7.2% Hispanic) and includes youth beyond those enrolled in
college. The influences of both early and later parenting factors such as support, monitoring and conflict on young adults’
criminal behavior are examined. Results show that early monitoring and ongoing parental support are associated with lower
offending in young adulthood. These effects persist net of peer influence and adolescent delinquency. This suggests the importance
of examining multiple ways in which parental resources and support influence early adult behavior and well-being. 相似文献
7.
This study examined dimensions of mothers’ and fathers’ involvement in adolescents’ romantic relationships when offspring
were age 17. Using cluster analysis, parents from 105 White, working and middle class families were classified as positively
involved, negatively involved, or autonomy-oriented with respect to their adolescents’ romantic relationships. Patterns of
parental involvement were generally not associated with parent–offspring relationship quality at about adolescent age 13,
but earlier parent–offspring relationship quality moderated the associations between parental involvement and adolescent romantic
experiences at about age 18. Positive parent–offspring relationship quality buffered the effects of negative parental involvement,
whereas poorer parent–offspring relationship quality was a more adaptive context for adolescents of autonomy-oriented parents.
Discussion focuses on the importance of parenting practices in adolescent romantic relationships and the emotional climate
of parent–offspring relationships as a developmental context for those practices.
相似文献
Marni L. KanEmail: |
8.
Doing Well vs. Feeling Well: Understanding Family Dynamics and the Psychological Adjustment of Chinese Immigrant Adolescents 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Desirée Baolian Qin 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(1):22-35
Despite their average high levels of educational achievement, Asian American students often report poor psychological and
social adjustment, suggesting an achievement/adjustment paradox. Yet, the reasons for this paradox remain unclear. Drawing
on 5-year longitudinal qualitative interview data, this paper compares the family dynamics of two groups of adolescents from
Chinese immigrant families: non-distressed adolescents (n = 20) who have high levels of academic achievement and high levels of psychological well-being; and distressed adolescents (n = 18) who have high levels of academic achievement but low levels of psychological well-being. Findings suggest that the
two groups of families differed in parenting approaches after migration, parent–child communication, parental expectations,
and parent–child relations. Implications for Asian American adolescent and youth development are discussed.
相似文献
Desirée Baolian QinEmail: |
9.
Muriel D. Van Doorn Susan J. T. Branje Wim H. J. Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(1):97-107
In this study, changes in three conflict resolution styles in parent–adolescent relationships were investigated: positive
problem solving, conflict engagement, and withdrawal. Questionnaires about these conflict resolution styles were completed
by 314 early adolescents (M = 13.3 years; 50.6% girls) and both parents for four consecutive years. Adolescents’ reported use of positive problem solving
increased with mothers, but did not change with fathers. Fathers reported an increase of positive problem solving with adolescents,
whereas mothers reported no change. Adolescents’ use of conflict engagement was found to temporarily increase with mothers,
but showed no change with fathers. Mothers and fathers reported a decrease in conflict engagement with adolescents. Adolescents’
use of withdrawal with parents increased, although this increase was temporarily with mothers. Mothers reported no change
in withdrawal, whereas fathers’ use of withdrawal increased. Generally, we found that both adolescents and their parents changed
in their use of conflict resolution from early to middle adolescence. These results show that conflict resolution in parent–adolescent
relationships gradually change in favor of a more horizontal relationship. 相似文献
10.
Laura M. Padilla-Walker Larry J. Nelson Stephanie D. Madsen Carolyn McNamara Barry 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(7):847-859
The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer understanding of the relation between parents’ knowledge of their emerging-adult
children and emerging adults’ risk behaviors. Participants included 200 undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and
25 (121 women, 78 men; M
age = 19.59, SD = 1.62) and both of their parents. Results revealed that knowledge of the emerging-adult child’s activities varied as a function
of parent- and child-reports, and that child outcomes associated with parental knowledge were generally positive, including
less drinking, drug use, and risky sexual behavior (although this varied as a function of reporter). The links between maternal
knowledge and lower drug and alcohol use were particularly strong in the presence of maternal closeness. Implications for
understanding the parent–child relationship during the transition to adulthood were discussed.
相似文献
Laura M. Padilla-WalkerEmail: |
11.
Larry J. Nelson Laura M. Padilla-Walker Katherine J. Christensen Cortney A. Evans Jason S. Carroll 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(6):730-743
The changing nature of the transition to adulthood in western societies, such as the United States, may be extending the length
of time parents are engaged in “parenting” activities. However, little is known about different approaches parents take in
their interactions with their emerging-adult children. Hence, this study attempted to identify different clusters of parents
based on the extent to which they exhibited both extremes of control (psychological control, punishment, verbal hostility,
indulgence) and responsiveness (knowledge, warmth, induction, autonomy granting), and to examine how combinations of parenting
were related to emerging adult children’s relational and individual outcomes (e.g. parent–child relationship quality, drinking,
self-worth, depression). The data were collected from 403 emerging adults (M age = 19.89, SD = 1.78, range = 18–26, 62% female) and at least one of their parents (287 fathers and 317 mothers). Eighty-four
percent of participants reported being European American, 6% Asian American, 4% African American, 3% Latino, and 4% reported
being of other ethnicities. Data were analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis, separately for mothers and fathers, and
identified three similar clusters of parents which we labeled as uninvolved (low on all aspects of parenting), controlling-indulgent (high on both extremes of control and low on all aspects of responsiveness), and authoritative (high on responsiveness and low on control). A fourth cluster was identified for both mothers and fathers and was labeled
as inconsistent for mothers (mothers were above the mean on both extremes of control and on responsiveness) and average for fathers (fathers were at the mean on all eight aspects of parenting). The discussion focuses on how each of these clusters
effectively distinguished between child outcomes. 相似文献
12.
Kristina L. McDonald Julie C. Bowker Kenneth H. Rubin Brett Laursen Melissa S. Duchene 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(5):563-574
Rejection sensitivity, the tendency to anxiously or angrily expect rejection, is associated with internalizing difficulties
during childhood and adolescence. The primary goal of the present study was to examine whether supportive parent–child relationships
and friendships moderate associations that link angry and anxious rejection sensitivity to depression and social anxiety during
middle adolescence in an ethnically diverse sample of 277 youth (M age = 14.30 years; 46.93% male). Analyses revealed that angry rejection sensitivity was related to depressive symptoms, but
only for adolescents reporting low support from parents and friends. Friend support moderated the association between (1)
angry rejection sensitivity and social anxiety, and (2) anxious rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms. For adolescents
reporting low support from friends, support from parents was positively related to social anxiety. Findings highlight the
importance of considering relationships in studies of rejection sensitivity and adjustment during adolescence. 相似文献
13.
Andres De Los Reyes Kimberly L. Goodman Wendy Kliewer Kathryn Reid-Quiñones 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(12):1417-1430
This study examined the longitudinal consistency of mother–child reporting discrepancies of parental monitoring and whether
these discrepancies predict children’s delinquent behaviors 2 years later. Participants included 335 mother/female-caregiver
and child (46% boys, >90% African American; age range 9–16 years [M = 12.11, SD = 1.60]) dyads living in moderate-to-high violence areas. Mother–child discrepancies were internally consistent
within multiple assessment points and across measures through a 2-year follow-up assessment. Further, mothers who at baseline
consistently reported higher levels of parental monitoring relative to their child had children who reported greater levels
of delinquent behaviors 2 years later, relative to mother–child dyads that did not evidence consistent discrepancies. This
finding could not be accounted for by baseline levels of the child’s delinquency, maternal and child emotional distress, or
child demographic characteristics. This finding was not replicated when relying on the individual reports of parental monitoring
to predict child delinquency, suggesting that mother–child reporting discrepancies provided information distinct from the
absolute frequency of reports. Findings suggest that mother–child discrepancies in reports of parental monitoring can be employed
as new individual differences measurements in developmental psychopathology research. 相似文献
14.
Ninth graders (N = 679; 50% male, 50% female) from Latin American (41%), Asian (38%), and European (21%) backgrounds reported on their ethnic
identity and family attitudes and relationships. Adolescents also completed daily checklists of family interactions over a
two-week period. Results indicated that ethnic identity, measured through exploration and belonging was more strongly associated
with family obligation and assistance than with parent–child closeness and family leisure time. Adolescents from Latin American
and Asian backgrounds reported significantly higher levels of obligation and assistance as compared to adolescents with European
backgrounds, and these ethnic differences were mediated by ethnic identity. Longitudinal analyses indicated ongoing associations,
with ethnic identity predicting respect and obligation one year later. The discussion focuses on the role of ethnic identity
in children’s family connectedness during adolescence.
相似文献
Lisa KiangEmail: |
15.
The quality of the relationships that mentors forge with their protégés is assumed to significantly affect the success of
mentoring interventions. Building on previous research, this study examined the association between relationship qualities
and protégé functioning. Multiple reporters (e.g., mentors, protégés and teachers) were used in a prospective research design
spanning eight months in Israel’s largest mentoring program—Perach. The sample consisted of 84 protégés ranging in age from 8 to 13 years (M = 10.75). Qualities in the mentoring relationship such as closeness, dependency and unrealistic expectations for the continuation
and deepening of the relationship, beyond the planned period, were positively associated with the children’s social and academic
adjustment, and contributed to perceived academic competence, social support and wellbeing. Generalization of positive mentoring
experiences to other relationships (such as the mother–child relationship) and the role of unrealistic expectations and dependency
as key elements are considered. Implications of the findings for research and mentoring intervention are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Although there has been an increasing number of studies that has examined depression among adolescents from immigrant backgrounds,
findings have been mixed, with some studies reporting that immigrant status is associated with risk, while others report that
immigration status is linked to adequate or positive outcomes. Thus, it is important to explore how underlying predictors
contribute to trajectories of depressive symptoms among adolescents from immigrant backgrounds. Using data from a nationally
representative Canadian sample (N = 1,060; aged 12 to 23; 48.9% female), this longitudinal study examined the effects of risk and protective factors on trajectories
of depressive symptoms using multilevel modeling. Predictors of depressive symptoms tended to be protective and suggest a
universal positive influence of self-esteem, positive peer relationships, and parent–child cohesion. Host language proficiency
was predictive of greater increases in depressive symptoms over time. Findings highlight the value of promoting protective
factors and aspects of one’s heritage among immigrant adolescents. 相似文献
17.
Developmental Changes in Adolescents’ Perceptions of Relationships with Their Parents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Irene H. A. De Goede Susan J. T. Branje Wim H. J. Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(1):75-88
This 4-wave longitudinal study examines developmental changes in adolescents’ perceptions of parent–adolescent relationships
by assessing parental support, conflict with parents, and parental power. A total of 951 early adolescents (50.4% boys) and
390 middle adolescents (43.3% boys) participated. Univariate and multivariate growth curve analyses showed that support declined
from early to middle adolescence for boys and girls and increased from middle to late adolescence for girls, while stabilizing
for boys. Conflict was found to temporarily increase during middle adolescence. Parental power (relative power and dominance
of parents) decreased from early to late adolescence. Results indicated that: (1) parent–adolescent relationships become more
egalitarian during adolescence, (2) parents perceived by adolescents as powerful are viewed as supportive, especially in early
adolescence, and (3) perceived conflict with parents is related to but not an impetus for changes in parent–adolescent relationships
towards more equality.
相似文献
Irene H. A. De GoedeEmail: |
18.
Jennifer J. Muehlenkamp Barent W. Walsh Moira McDade 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(3):306-314
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) continues to be a problem among youth and there is a great need for programming aimed at reducing
NSSI in adolescents. The signs of self-injury program is the first known NSSI school-based prevention program for adolescents
that attempts to increase knowledge, improve help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, and decrease acts of NSSI. A total of five
schools implemented the program in selected classrooms (n = 274 adolescents; 51.5% female, mean age = 16.07 years) that consisted of predominantly Caucasian (73%) adolescents. Researchers
collected pre-post evaluation surveys of the program and feasibility interviews were conducted with the school guidance personnel
who ran the program. Results indicated the prevention program did not produce iatrogenic effects, increased accurate knowledge
and improved help-seeking attitudes and intentions among students. No significant changes were found in regards to self-reported
formal help-seeking actions. Feasibility responses indicate the program is user-friendly and well received by school personnel.
The data offer preliminary evidence that the program may be an effective prevention program for schools. 相似文献
19.
Previous findings have shown both beneficial and adverse effects of parents’ attempts to influence adolescents’ eating habits.
The current study examined the differential effect of parents’ persuasion (e.g., encouragement, giving information) and pressure
tactics (e.g., guilt induction, ridicule) and the moderating influence of parental warmth on older adolescents’ emotional
and behavioral responses. An ethnically diverse sample of 336 older adolescents (M age = 18.6; SD = 1.1; 58.0% female) were surveyed. Adolescents who reported higher levels of pressure tactics by parents reported more negative
affect and behavioral resistance. Perceived parental warmth moderated the influence of persuasion tactics, but not pressure
tactics. For adolescents with low parental warmth, high levels of persuasion were associated with more negative emotional
and behavioral responses; persuasion had the opposite associations for adolescents with high parental warmth. These results
suggest that parental warmth plays an important role in how older adolescents respond to parents’ persuasion tactics. However,
when parents use more forceful pressure tactics to influence eating habits, adolescents react negatively regardless of the
overall quality of the parent–adolescent relationship. 相似文献
20.
Aroian KJ Templin TN Hough EE Ramaswamy V Katz A 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(8):996-1011
Arab-American Muslim adolescents in immigrant families face a number of challenges that put them at risk for behavior problems.
This study of Arab-American Muslim Adolescents and their relatively recent immigrant mothers tested a longitudinal family-level
model of adolescent behavior problems. Mother-adolescent dyads (N = 530) completed measures of maternal and adolescent stressors, active and avoidance coping, and social support; maternal
distress; quality of mother–child relationship; and adolescent behavior problems at Time 1 and approximately 18 months later.
The youth were between the ages of 11 and 15 years at Time 1 and 48.7% were girls. Longitudinal analyses were conducted using
latent change modeling with change scores from Time 1 and Time 2 data. Social support facilitated active coping for both mothers
and adolescents. Although maternal avoidance coping mediated maternal stressors and its effect on maternal distress, maternal
stressors and maternal distress were not related to adolescent behavior problems. The only factor mitigating the effects of
adolescent stressors on adolescent behavior problems was the quality of the mother–child relationship. These findings suggest
that adolescents are insulated from maternal stress and distress as long as there is a good mother–child relationship. 相似文献