对检察机关如何贯彻《预防未成年人犯罪法》的几点看法

《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》已经实施6年了。在贯彻实施该法过程中，牡丹江市东安区检察院被市院指定为受理四个城区全部未成年人刑事案件的基层检察院。这对我们更好地落实《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》提供了更广阔的空间，也提出了更高的要求。我们本着“严格认真贯彻、灵活运用职能、探索预防新路、努力减少犯罪”的原则，     

论预防未成年人犯罪的综合治理

本文通过对我国未成年人犯罪严峻形势的分析,论证了只有对未成年人犯罪实行综合治理方能落实《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》所提出的要求,进而探讨了如何对预防未成年人犯罪实行综合治理。     

论显著提高未成年人犯罪预防实效的战略举措

目前预防未成年人犯罪的工作实效尚不能令人满意,要显著提高这项工作的实效,必须对我国未成年人犯罪形势进行再认识。认清未成年人犯罪现状和变化趋势的严重态势,认识到犯罪研究也是生产力,把犯罪研究纳入社会发展、经济发展的总战略,让少年法为广大群众所掌握、所实践,从组织上真实落实预防未成年人犯罪的工作,建立预防未成年人犯罪的科学体系。     

未成年人犯罪问题调查与研究——以检察机关为视角

近年来,未成年人犯罪得到有效控制并呈下降趋势。但随着经济社会的发展,未成年人犯罪的特点、问题也随之变化,且更为复杂,未成年人犯罪预防工作仍然严峻。研究未成年人犯罪问题,有益于促进未成年人犯罪预防,保护未成年人合法权益,促进社会和谐稳定发展。保障未成年人犯罪预防各项措施落实到位,实现未成年人犯罪数量稳步下降,对推进国家治理体系与治理能力现代化具有战略意义。     

社会管理创新与检察机关预防青少年犯罪理论研讨会在沪召开

4月9日下午,由上海市长宁区人民检察院、华东政法大学青少年犯罪研究所、上海市法学会未成年人法研究会共同主办的“社会管理创新与检察机关预防青少年犯罪理论研讨会”在上海长宁区召开。上海市人民检察院检察长陈旭、副检察长余啸波,华东政法大学党委书记、教授杜志淳、长宁区委副书记夏永泰、上海市法学会专职副会长陈金鑫等参加研讨会并致辞,最高人民检察院侦查监督厅厅长万春致信祝贺。     

关于社区民间组织参与社区治安综合治理的思考

随着社会治理理论的形成和发展,基层社区治安管理模式开始由传统的政府治安管理机关(警察)主导下的纵向预防模式向社区治安治理的横向预防模式转变。社区民间组织参与社区治安综合治理就是这样背景下的产物。社区民间组织作为以社区居民为主体,以自我管理、自我教育、自我服务为主要目的,自发形成的群众团体队伍或组织,通过信息的交流、融通,构建起了连接社区居民与社区自治组织和政府之间的桥梁。     

Everyday Engagement in Spectacular Situations: popular participation in Colombian security provision

In the past three decades, citizen participation has been heralded as the hallmark of democracy and economic transparency. Yet citizen participation has not been limited to political and economic processes. In this paper I consider the incorporation of participatory measures in an arena frequently overlooked: security provision. I trace the origins, evolution and effects of efforts to increase citizen participation in security provision in Colombia. Despite notorious images of paramilitary forces, guerrilla insurgents and vigilante groups, citizen participation in security provision tends to be banal, boring and not particularly effective, as average people attend local meetings, work through state bureaucracy, and comply with new policy initiatives. I argue that insecurity in Colombia is neither a product of apathetic citizens nor of violent, uncontrollable mobs, but rather part and parcel of an emerging form of governance in which citizens are made responsible for their own security provision.     

社会保障--欧洲社会的稳定器

欧洲各国的现代社会保障制度形成于19世纪末20世纪初.第二次世界大战以后,欧洲社会保障制度步入全面建立与发展的重要阶段,相继完成了有关立法工作.20世纪50年代至70年代,是欧洲各国经济发展的黄金时期,亦是其社会保障制度发展的鼎盛时期.在经济繁荣、税收大幅增加的鼓舞下,欧洲各国政府有些昏昏然,盲目乐观,于是便不断增加社会保障开支,增添保障项目,扩大保障范围,提高津贴标准,放宽受惠者条件,结果导致社会保障费用持续大幅度增长,最终使这一制度因70年代以后的经济危机而遭遇严重困难,成为经济发展的严重障碍.80年代至今,欧洲各国经济进入了严重的危机阶段,大批人失业,人口老化,政府财政赤字增加.面临这一新的形势,欧洲各国政府均对此前形成的具有浓厚社会主义色彩的社会保障制度进行改革.     

A scientific approach to measure public political participation in Pakistan

Public political participation is an exhaustive subject in the democratic system that is contributing as a tilled land since the birth of democracy. It has a wide range of frequency, but voting is one of the easiest among all forms of public participation. Despite the easiness of voting, Pakistan ranks 164th in terms of voter turnout among 169 countries of the world. The voter turnout of the second largest Muslim democracy and the fifth largest among all the democratic states was recorded as 45.3% in the 2013 general election, which was less than India’s (59.4%) and even Bangladesh’s (58.2%). More than half of the population in Pakistan does not think it is its duty to cast its vote. The present study is an effort to investigate public political participation through six independent variables: democratic political party, party mobilization, security, accessibility, leadership image and moderating factor citizen distrust, and a useful sample size of 1884 was collected across the country. SPSS version 24.0 was used to measure the data. The results show significant and positive relations among the dependent and independent variables, while citizen distrust negatively moderates the dependent and independent variables of the study.     

社会保障与青少年犯罪预防

完善的社会保障制度作为我国最重要的社会经济制度之一,是社会主义市场经济体制的重要支柱和国家长治久安的重要保证,直接关系到改革、发展、稳定的全局,同时在青少年犯罪预防战略中也具有非常重要的意义。我们知道,社会保障是国家和社会根据立法,对劳动者和社会成员因年老、伤     

Urbanization,rural land system and social security for migrants in China

Temporary migration due to lack of social security for migrants, rural land tenure insecurity due to frequent land reallocation and abusive land requisition due to lack of functioning land markets are all major policy challenges that China is facing in its yet-to-be finished economic transition. Although there have been intensive studies and various policy recommendations on these issues, most discussions have so far neglected the close interrelationships between these issues and have failed to analyse them in an integrated framework. The paper aims to establish such an analytical framework. By taking into account the impacts of China's characteristics, that is a large developing country in transition, on the country's migration and rural land policies, we propose a policy package to address these challenges in a holistic manner.     

The Mutual Obligation Policy in Australia: The rhetoric and reasoning of recent social security policy

Since 1997, the Australian Federal Liberal Government has introduced policies which have sought to reduce rates of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. The policy, known as Mutual Obligation, increased the expectations on unemployed people in return for their social security payment. At the same time, previous labour market programmes and government assistance schemes were scrapped or privatised. This article explores the justification of the term 'Mutual Obligation' by examining both the language and the underlying principles of the policy. By defining the problem of unemployment in terms of flaws in the previous social security system, the stage is set for the government to introduce policies which remedy those flaws by emphasising self- reliance in favour of government assistance. Further, by invoking notions of fairness and mutuality, the article argues that the term 'Mutual Obligation' masks both the extent and the strength of the obligations imposed on unemployed people.     

公平与效率:福利国家社保机制的内在矛盾

福利国家是一个以社会保障制度为核心的社会管理框架。全球化在上世纪70年代开始加速推进,使发达资本主义建立在工业现代化之上的福利国家模式面临严重危机,原有的资本和劳动之间的平衡被打破,社会保障机制难以为继,因此进一步制约了资本主义的整体发展。福利国家的社会保障机制由此进入到需要转型的发展阶段。     

Achieving zero hunger: implementing a human rights approach to food security in Ethiopia

A human rights approach to food security seeks to empower vulnerable groups to claim their rights. It also reinforces a government’s obligations to respect, protect and fulfil the right to food. Furthermore, it encourages the integration of the right to food into the design and implementation of food security policies. This article examines the human rights approach to food security, with specific reference to Ethiopia. It assesses the historical causes of Ethiopia’s food insecurity, and examines the legislative and policy measures that the country has adopted over the last three decades in order to achieve food security. Food insecurity in the country is largely explained by the absence of government accountability. In 1973 and 1984, the hunger caused by drought was transitioned to famine not because of overall unavailability of food in the country, but because the government failed to provide food aid to the starved people and concealed the occurrence of famines from the international donors. Despite designing some food security policies over the last three decades, the country has not yet adopted sufficient legislative and judicial measures to enforce the right to food. This article argues that Ethiopia should introduce a framework law on the right to food to end hunger in the context of achieving national food security.     

做好外事工作促进广东经济和社会全面发展

和平与发展是当今世界的主题,当前,国际形势总体对我有利,经济全球化与区域一体化并行发展,为我国对外开放和发展外向型经济提供了良好的外部环境和难得的战略机遇期.胡锦涛总书记和温家宝总理在去年召开的第十次驻外使节会议上做出重要指示,要求外交工作要紧紧抓住我国发展的重要战略机遇期,为全面建设小康社会服务;唐家璇国务委员在东北三省外事工作座谈会上强调,在新的历史条件下,地方外事工作的根本任务,就是要更好地为国家总体外交服务,更好地为地方经济社会发展服务.