政府声誉、政府能力与非政府组织对政府的信任

非政府组织对政府部门的信任非常重要,政府声誉和政府能力是其重要影响因素.为了揭示政府声誉和政府能力对政府信任的影响,作者以非政府组织的项目负责人和志愿者为抽样对象,以非政府组织与政府部门的关系为背景,通过对政府声誉、政府能力与信任之间的相关分析和回归分析,分析了政府声誉、政府能力对政府信任的影响.研究表明,政府声誉、政府能力对政府信任产生正向影响,政府能力比政府声誉对政府信任的影响更加明显.因此,能否树立良好的声誉、培养较高的能力对政府部门获得非政府组织的信任与支持具有十分重要的现实意义.当然,影响非政府组织对政府部门信任的因素还包括非政府组织特征、制度特征等;研究模型可以进一步扩展,更全面地考察非政府组织与政府部门间的信任形成机制.     

Beliefs in Government

This article conveys the general findings of the multi-national, multi-volume Beliefs in Government research project, perhaps the most exhaustive analysis of mass beliefs and attitudes conducted in the west. In spite of considerable socio–economic change in recent decades, the study provides evidence of political stability, continuity and adaptability in west European countries. This suggests that political scientists should pay more attention than hitherto to pressures for inertia and continuity in western democracies.     

数字化时代的政府转型与数字政府

随着数字技术的发展,人类社会进入了数字化时代。数字化成为推动社会变革的主要力量。数字技术也正在推动着政府治理的转型和变革。数字政府重视和强调的是数字化时代的政府转型,其重点并不在于技术本身,而是如何利用现代数字技术促使政府数字化转型。数字政府是政府数字化转型的结果,它代表着一种新的治理模式和服务典范的变迁。政府数字化转型的同时,也面临劳动的富余、技术的偏差、责任的落差、隐私的威胁、数位的独裁和文化的冲击等诸多风险和挑战,因此推动政府的数字化转型需要系统化的治理。     

论责任政府与政府责任

民主政府必然是责任政府,依法行政必然要求权责一致.在现代中国,中央和地方各级政府由于为人民服务与依法行政的理念所决定,必然要建立责任政府,对人民承担一定的政治责任、道德责任和法律责任.     

电子政务与政府流程再造——兼谈新公共管理

电子政务是信息技术在政府管理的广泛应用的结果,但是,它不仅仅是一种纯粹的技术活动。为了充分发挥信息技术的潜力,降低信息化的投资风险,在实施电子政务过程中进行政府流程再造是必然的选择。结合企业信息化的经验,论述了电子政务实施过程中进行政府流程再造的必要性,以及在不同的电子政务应用层次对政府流程再造的不同要求。但是,随着电子政务应用层次的提高,也对政府管理提出了更高的要求;从新公共管理的角度对电子政务进行了进一步的探讨,研究了新公共管理对我国电子政务的借鉴意义和存在的障碍。     

政府再造与政府能力之提升

政府再造对政府而言是一场革命,其实质与终极目的就是为了提升政府能力;在当今全球化的时代,政府能力已是一国核心竞争力的综合体现。就我国政府目前的状况而言,可通过创造良好的行政文化,政府组织机构的重塑,合理的分权和权力下放,改革公共服务的提供体制,建立和推广电子政务,培养积极主动和精明强干的公务员队伍等途径来提升政府的能力。并建立健全提升政府能力的常效机制,在政府改革的动态进程中长期持续,与时俱进。     

Strategy in Local Government

One aspect of the study of local government organization is the role of consultants and the models they have introduced in order to help the local government reorganize. One of these models is "strategy", and this article sets out to consider the implication for these organizations if "the logic of strategy" were to be implemented. A common denominator of all the local governments studied is that "strategy" does not function, and the question is why this is so. Two distinctly different explanations can be considered. One states that "strategy" is difficult and that the politicians and administrators will need time to adjust to new ways of working. The other explanation, which is applied here, focuses on whether local government as an institution can be reconciled with the demands and premises inherent in "strategic thinking". My conclusions arc negative. "Strategy" is a model from the private sector and more specifically from the competitive sector of society and it is not appropriate for wider use. In this article the arguments are restricted to local government, and do not necessarily apply to other types of public organization.     

Government Borrowing in Australia

This article examines the Australian experience with coordinatedgovernment borrowing from federation to the present day. Itreveals significant changes in the purposes for which the borrowingarrangements were originally designed and are now used. Largelyfor this reason, the outward form of the arrangements no longerresembles their actual operation, causing severe accountabilityproblems. Whatever the advantages of coordinated governmentborrowing for economic management in a federal system, the Australianexperience shows that it may have economic disadvantages aswell. The time has come, therefore, for the borrowing arrangementsto be rethought and revised.     

Government reform in Canada

Today the Canadian federation is facing various challenges. External factors such as globalization, changing markets and the revolution in communications, as well as internal factors such as a growing deficit and debt, provinces wanting more autonomy and uncontrolled government spending are some of the pressures Canada is facing. In 1994 the government launched the most important review of federal policies and programmes since the early 1950s. This article examines how Programme Review, the most important of these activities, is helping to refocus the role of the federal government in a way that would be meaningful to all Canadians. The implementation of the combined results of policy and programme review will involve reductions in government programmes, the development of new delivery agencies, the launching of new partnerships, and the achievement of greater efficiencies. The article also looks at the important role the Public Service of Canada is playing in responding to the need for change. (© 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)     

《政府采购法》对塑造高效政府形象的作用

《中华人民共和国政府采购法》的施行,是我国社会经济生活特别是财政经济活动中的一件大事。充分认识和揭示这一法律制度的内涵和功能,对于切实提高政府采购资金使用效益和政府办事效率,塑造高效政府形象具有重大意义。     

从政府职能转变谈政府公信力的建立

我国政府机构改革历经几次,时至今日,仍然存在许多问题,主要是政府职能设置与履行,尤其是政府的服务职能履行存在的问题,对政府公信力的建立有着较大的影响。为此,适应社会需要,消除政府履行职能过程中存在的问题,切实转变政府职能,建设服务型政府,应该是提高政府公信力的关键。     

数字政府环境下政务服务数据共享研究

在数字政府环境下,政务服务数据的流通与共享,能够有效促进政务服务的业务重组与流程再造,打造政务服务链,提升政府治理能力。然而,电子政务建设探索期"缺规划少标准""重建设轻运维""重硬件轻软件""重宣传轻落实"等共性问题造成的数据孤岛、数据烟囱等现象,导致数据利用不充分、数据共享不全面,政务服务数据共享现状难以满足"互联网+政务服务"改革实践需求。要实现政务服务数据的共享,促进政务服务效率与质量的提升,就需要发挥政策优势,以标准化为切入点,逐步应用并完善云端共享平台,深度融合机制与技术的创新,保障配套资源支撑,分阶段、有重点地推进政务服务数据的共享。     

有限政府:民主政府的时代内涵

民主政府的实质是国家的一切权力属于人民,政府的权力来自于人民的授权,由于人民对政府的授权是有限的,因而,政府就必然是有限政府。鉴于市场对资源的配置起着基础性的作用,市场经济形式下的政府也只能为有限政府。有限政府是政府介入社会和市场的程度在无限政府和无为政府之间,其权力、职能、规模和行为方式上要受到法律的限制。     

Better Government

The decline in future trend economic growth coupled with the ever increasing demands of an ageing population mean the public sector will need to deliver better for less. This will require a smarter bureaucracy using the latest behavioural advances and using wellbeing as a measure of success. Spending will need to be directed more to prevention rather than cure. Radical tax and benefit reform is needed to make work pay and offset the rise in inequality. Decision making could be improved by attracting more diverse, experienced people into politics by, for example, more use of open primaries, a level playing field for independent candidates and better training. Ministers could be set proper objectives and have constructive appraisals. A proposed Office of Taxpayer Responsibility could screen policies to avoid the worst ones, backed by no evidence, from being introduced as it is very hard to abolish bad policies.