Technology transfer offices as providers of science and technology entrepreneurship education

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Universities show an increasing commitment to stimulate science- and technology-based entrepreneurship with the aim of contributing to societal and economic...     

The internationalization of science and its influence on academic entrepreneurship

We examine whether scientists employed in foreign countries and foreign-educated native researchers are more “entrepreneurial” than their “domestic” counterparts. We conjecture that foreign-born and foreign-educated scientists possess broader scientific skills and social capital, which increases their likelihood that they will start their own companies. To test this hypothesis we analyze comprehensive data from researchers at the Max Planck Society in Germany. Our findings provide strong support for the conjecture that academic entrepreneurship can be stimulated by facilitating the mobility of scientists across countries.     

Effective models of science,technology and engineering entrepreneurship education: current and future research

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Science, Technology and Engineering Entrepreneurship Education (STEE) might raise student awareness towards the opportunities seeking challenges of...     

University technology transfer through entrepreneurship: faculty and students in spinoffs

This research informs our understanding of the technology commercialization process in university spinoffs, focusing in particular on student involvement in the early phases of the spinoff development process and on the impact of the larger university ecosystem. Detailed case studies indicate that graduate and post-doctoral students are important participants in university spinoffs. We offer a typology of spinoff development with four pathways, based on the varying roles of faculty, experienced entrepreneurs, PhD/post-doctoral students, and business students. The effects of the larger university ecosystem, beyond the university technology transfer office and the university’s commercialization policies, are also considered, including an examination of programs and practices that may influence this process. We close with a discussion of guidelines for technology transfer and spinoff development at universities, based on the findings of this research.     

Research collaboration in universities and academic entrepreneurship: the-state-of-the-art

There is abundant evidence that research collaboration has become the norm in every field of scientific and technical research. We provide a critical overview of the literature on research collaboration, focusing particularly on individual-level collaborations among university researchers, but we also give attention to university researchers’ collaborations with researchers in other sectors, including industry. We consider collaborations aimed chiefly at expanding the base of knowledge (knowledge-focused collaborations) as well as ones focused on production of economic value and wealth (property-focused collaborations), the latter including most academic entrepreneurship research collaborations. To help organize our review we develop a framework for analysis, one that considers attributes of collaborators, collaborative process and organization characteristics as the affect collaboration choices and outcomes. In addition, we develop and use a “Propositional Table for Research Collaboration Literature,” presented as an “Appendix” to this study. We conclude with some suggestions for possible improvement in research on collaboration including: (1) more attention to multiple levels of analysis and the interactions among them; (2) more careful measurement of impacts as opposed to outputs; (3) more studies on ‘malpractice’ in collaboration, including exploitation; (4) increased attention to collaborators’ motives and the social psychology of collaborative teams.     

Public policy for academic entrepreneurship initiatives: a review and critical discussion

This article provides a critical review and discussion of current literature on technology transfer, incubators, and academic entrepreneurship. Drawing upon the notion of robustness in social systems and public choice theory, we review, code, and taxonomize 166 studies to assess the likelihood that these initiatives will generate innovation and economic growth. We find that academic entrepreneurship initiatives are characterized by conflicting goals, weak incentive structures for universities and academics, and are contextually dependent upon factors such as university strength. Our results suggest that there are critical boundary conditions that are unlikely to be fulfilled when universities and policymakers enact policies to support academic entrepreneurship initiatives. Policymakers therefore need to be cautious in the potential design of such initiatives. We discuss how technology transfer from universities might be better achieved through alternative mechanisms such as contract research, licensing, consulting and increased labor mobility among researchers.     

Transfer of entrepreneurship education best practices from business schools to engineering and technology institutions: evidence from Pakistan

The Journal of Technology Transfer - This paper examines the transfer of entrepreneurship education best practices from business schools to engineering and technology institutions. Nations like...     

Conflict between entrepreneurship and open science, and the transition of scientific norms

In the trend of academic entrepreneurship, practical and direct contribution of university research to the society has been emphasized, in which university scientists have increasingly engaged in commercial activities, university-industry relationships, and technology transfers. However, this trend has aroused concern about a potentially negative impact on the tradition of open science. Drawing on a survey data of 698 Japanese natural scientists, this study analyzes the behaviors and norms of university scientists under the influence of university interventions for entrepreneurship, whereby examining the compatibility between entrepreneurship and open science. The results indicate that entrepreneurial interventions have facilitated scientists?? norm for practical contribution, and consequently, their involvement in commercial activities and ties with industry. Then, some, but not all, of these entrepreneurial activities have deterred cooperative or open relationships between scientists. However, the results suggest that the entrepreneurial interventions have not deteriorated the traditional norm for open science. Further analyses indicate that the two norms for practical contribution and for open science are determined independently, implying that academic entrepreneurship can be promoted without deteriorating open science.     

Emotional skills for entrepreneurial success: the promise of entrepreneurship education and policy

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship policies have a common goal—to spur entrepreneurial activity and its impact on individuals, organizations,...     

Federal-state cooperation in science and technology programs

During the past several years participants in the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable, chaired by Richard Celeste, have discussed cooperation in science and technology programs between state and federal agencies. The result is the following paper on the potential for and means of promoting such cooperation. The roundtable is sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. [It was] created in 1984 to provide a forum where scientists, administrators, and policy makers from government, university, and industry can come together on an ongoing basis to explore ways to improve the productivity of the nation's research enterprise. The object is to try to understand issues, to inject imaginative thought into the system, and to provide a setting for discussion and the seeking of common ground. The roundtable does not make recommendations, nor of fer specific advice; it develops options and brings interested parties together.     

Technology transfer and academic education with a focus on diversity

This paper describes the “Presence on Campus” technology transfer experiment that Hughes Electronics Corporation is conducting with a large minority institution, California State University, Los Angeles (CSLA). It presents the experiment in the context of the company's workforce diversity objectives and its internal and other external education diversity efforts, as well as CSLA's minority education and research and development programs. The article summarizes progress toward the promotion of resource-leveraging joint R&D projects and student intern involvement, as well as the definition of industry-relevant thesis topics. Some lessons learned are reported.     

刑事科学技术的发展与思考

刑事科学技术是一门涉及多学科的综合性应用科学。经过广大刑事科学技术工作者半个世纪的努力拼搏，我国刑事科学技术事业已经从较为原始落后的基础上逐渐成长起来。科学理论充分发展，科技成果不断涌现，应用领域日益广阔，所起作用显著增强，已成为我国公安工作的重要组成部分。     

加强科技法学学科建设纵横论

新年伊始,科技法学研究又掀起新高潮。1月10日中国科技法学会在上海召开了“科技法学学科建设研讨会”,中国科技法学会会长段瑞春教授、中国科技法学会副会长曹昌祯教授参加了会议。来自上海市人大教科文卫委员会、上海市科委、上海市信息委、上海市知识产权局、复旦大学、上海交通大学、同济大学、华东政法学院、上海大学、上海政法学院、上海电视大学和上海社科院法学所的专家学者参加了研讨。与会专家围绕科技法学的学科建设展开了认真积极地讨论,大家踊跃发言,各抒己见,欲罢不能。现将部分专家学者的发言整理刊发,以飨读者。     

适配体技术研究现状与法庭科学应用展望

适配体技术是生物科技研究中的新兴发展技术之一,具有广阔的应用前景。本文从适配体技术的发展、研究方法、特性以及应用领域进行综述,并对该技术在法庭科学中的应用做出展望,以推动我国法庭科学领域对适配体技术的研究和应用。     

浅论公安科技与标准化

本文论述了公安标准化在公安科技工作中的作用及意义,分析了公安科技的发展和公安标准化之间的关系。本文对于强化公安科技工作的科学、规范管理,充分发挥公安标准的作用具有一定的应用意义。     

PIXE技术在物证鉴定中的应用前景分析

介绍了粒子激发X-射线荧光分析技术及其在物证检验领域的应用,展望了它的前景,为我们进行气态物质分析、对界面的分析、珍贵文物的无损鉴定提出了一条新的思路。