器官移植关联犯罪及其刑法应对

器官移植技术的应用为人类带来福音的同时，也诱发出各种关联犯罪，器官移植关联犯罪包括违反知情自愿原则的犯罪，违反信息规则的犯罪，无资质类犯罪、商业化犯罪和其他类别的犯罪。我国刑法需要从两个方面积极应对，一是加强刑法解释工作，二是修正、增补刑法条文，修正增补的方式，或者采取《刑法修正案》的模式，或者将器官移植犯罪作为一个小节置于刑法分则第六章“妨害社会管理秩序罪”之中。     

什么是法律现实主义——庞德、卢埃林、弗兰克之争

美国法律现实主义运动是上世纪初叶最引人瞩目的法律改革运动,其领军人物卢埃林和当时的法学鸿儒庞德之间的争论拉开了这一运动的序幕,作为庞德批判的主要对象弗兰克也加入了论战。论战的实际是关于如何适应社会发展进行法学研究的学者交流。通过论战,现实主义运动真正走到法学研究的前台,更清楚地展示了法律现实主义的真实面目,驱除法学界的曲解和误解。论战也展示了学者之间如何通过真诚的交流推动学术发展。     

Methodological Contributions to the Gender Symmetry Debate and its Resolution

The concept of gender symmetry in intimate partner violence (IPV) may be an artifact of three factors. 1) Methodology: Subject recruitment frequently excludes clinical samples. Cross-sectional designs negate the ability to evaluate recidivism and do not account for women’s greater likelihood of leaving violent relationships. 2) Narrow Focus: Researchers focus on frequency of physical aggression, while excluding other types of aggression (e.g., sexual IPV, life-threatening violence, use of firearms), or the impact of such aggression (e.g., fear, depression, injury). 3) Measurement: Surveys are hindered by varying interpretations of seemingly face-valid items, effects of item instructions, and lack of multi-method assessment approaches. Strategies for addressing these problems and resolving the gender symmetry controversy are outlined.     

文化视野下的中国犯罪论体系争鸣

近年来中国刑法理论界围绕传统四要件理论和德日三阶层体系孰优孰劣的争论,其实质是不同法文化的冲突,是文化冲突在刑法学领域的具体体现。这种文化冲突,既是我国刑法学理论自我反思的结果,也是自清末以来不同理论之间进行选择和论争过程的延续。围绕中国犯罪论体系的理论争鸣具有重要的文化现实意义,它有助于促进刑法学理论知识的发展,促成刑法学派在中国的早日形成,同时也有利于营造良好的学术生态环境。     

强制猥亵、侮辱妇女罪争议问题研究

强制猥亵、侮辱妇女罪中"强制"是对"猥亵"和"侮辱"两者的限制。"猥亵"与"侮辱"两者是并列关系,猥亵行为与侮辱行为在性质、内涵和外延上都是同一的,不必对两者进行区分。本罪不是倾向犯,主观方面为故意,不要求具有出于刺激或者满足性欲的内心倾向。强制猥亵、侮辱妇女致人重伤、死亡的行为,成立强制猥亵、侮辱妇女罪和故意伤害罪的想像竞合犯。     

There's Regulatory Crime, and then there's Landlord Crime: from 'Rachmanites' to 'Partners'

This article considers local authority strategies towards the regulation and prosecution of private landlords who commit the criminal offences of unlawful eviction and harassment. Generally, local authorities operate compliance-based strategies, rarely (if ever) resorting to prosecution. In seeking to explain this approach, the article draws upon the literature concerning regulatory crime, but also distinguishes local authority responses to landlord crime from regulatory crime as more typically conceived. Broadly, it is argued that, while there are clear parallels with other areas of regulatory activity, there is much that is different about landlord crime, particularly as a result of central government strategies towards the private rented sector, the legislative background to landlord crime, and the motivations behind local approaches to regulation.     

Running on Fear: Immigration,Race and Crime Framings in Contemporary GOP Presidential Debate Discourse

This analysis explores the use of “race-baiting,” known herein as “racially divisive appeals” (RDAs), and crime frames in Republican (GOP) presidential debate discourse during the 2008 and subsequent election cycles. RDAs which mobilize images of minorities as criminals, terrorists, or as populations engaged in voter or welfare fraud, are analyzed. While the strategic exploitation of racial animus in American politics has tended to be associated with the “Southern Strategy,” wherein GOP politicians wooed southern whites by fueling anxieties about blacks, this research finds that modern RDAs focus more on appealing to fears about immigrants. Reasons for this shift, as well some of the varied discursive techniques and narrative content of contemporary RDAs, are explored.     

Understanding the Relationship Between Relative Group Size and Hate Crime Rates: Linking Methods with Concepts

Abstract

In recent studies, Hipp et al. caution that the selection of the appropriate denominator in computing the rate of intra- and inter-group interactions is consequential for key findings. The present study builds on this work and examines whether adjusting for the structural opportunities for any type of interaction affects the observed relationship between hate crime rates and minority group size. We go beyond prior research by computing distinctive measures of anti-Black hate crime rates across US counties circa 2000. Our findings offer support for the power-differential hypothesis, revealing a negative effect of minority population size on crime motivated by bias. These results also underline the importance of the procedure developed by Hipp et al., showing that that the selection of the “baseline” for the computation of hate crime rates is critical for understanding the relationship between minority group size and crime motivated by bias.     

社区矫正重犯预防的理论与实践——以发挥社区优势构建罪犯回归支持系统为视角

随着人类文明程度的不断提高,刑罚文明已经成为整个社会文明的一个重要组成部分和表现形式,非监禁刑以其人性化行刑的特征得到了世界上大多数发达国家的青睐,包括中国在内的一些发展中国家也已经开始尝试进行刑罚改革,探索适合自己国家的非监禁刑行刑模式。以社区矫正为主要方式的社会化刑罚执行形态已经成为一种不可逆转的世界行刑发展趋势。     

阐释与反思:文学史视野中的新写实

以陈思和的<中国当代文学史教程>、洪子诚的<中国当代文学史>和黄修己的<20世纪中国文学史>(下卷)等具代表性的文学史叙述为视点,考察并反思其对于"新写实小说"的产生背景,以及内涵、特征、意义和代表性文本个案等诸方面问题的阐释与表达,从中获得对于"新写实小说"的不同维度、不同观念和不同方法的多样启示.尽管这些阐释与表达尚有其局限性,但并不妨碍我们确证新写实小说经典化解读的由此开始,以及通过此来进一步把握当代文学批评和当代思想文化基本流向的企图.     

Crime and the multi-ethnic society: A view from Europe

The old questions about possible relationships between race or ethnicity and crime are shown to be unsatisfactory as they have been based on the wrong assumption that race and ethnic background constitute natural categories. The author discusses recent crime patterns in Europe —and in The Netherlands in particular — that have emerged as a result of societies becoming multiethnic. His research agenda includes the study of contrasting crime profiles, patterns of police selectivity, discrimination and racist violence, culture conflict and internationally organized crime.     

计算机犯罪及其防控措施研究

计算机犯罪是当今国际社会面临的一种全新的高科技犯罪.我国的计算机犯罪虽然历史不长,但发展迅猛.如何有效地防范、控制和打击计算机犯罪,以维护国家安全、经济安全和网络安全,是目前急需研究解决的重大现实问题.本文从研究计算机犯罪的特点、类型入手,针对我国计算机犯罪防控工作中存在的问题,提出了防控的基本对策.     

Crime and reactions to crime in 34 Swedish birth cohorts: from historical descriptions to forecasting the future

This article analyses 34 Swedish birth cohorts with regard to their participation in crime as measured by data from the convictions database maintained by Statistics Sweden. Most existing cohort studies are limited to one or a few cohorts. By contrast, the present study includes 34 cohorts, i.e. all persons born in Sweden between 1958 and 1991. The article discusses methodological problems associated with this type of approach and examines the possibility of making forecasts. The central results are that the number of males with a criminal record has decreased, whereas the number of females has remained fairly stable. Forecasts indicate that the cohorts' participation in crime will continue to decrease. Research and policy implications of the findings are outlined. It is proposed to introduce cohort statistics as a standard branch within regular criminal justice statistics.     

Crime trends and the effect of mandated drug treatment: Evidence from California's Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act

The Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act (SACPA), implemented statewide in California in July 2001, mandates drug treatment rather than incarceration for certain nonviolent drug offenders. Critics of the legislation suggest that crime increased as a result of the legislation, but researchers have largely ignored this issue. Utilizing time series methodology applied across several independent data sets from Orange County, California, the effects of SACPA on crime were assessed. Results indicate that significant increases in commercial burglaries and paraphernalia arrests may have been attributed to SACPA, but the overall pattern does not support a conclusion that crime increased markedly.