中缅关系70年:"胞波"关系的新陈代谢

2020年1月中国国家主席习近平在访问缅甸前发表了题为《续写千年胞波情谊的崭新篇章》的文章。中缅建交70年来,两国胞波关系经历了不同的历史阶段。在冷战时期,两国从最初的疑惧、冷淡到胞波关系的确立,和平与安全成为中缅关系的共同利益点。冷战结束后,中缅胞波关系的内涵扩展到政治、经贸、援助和安全等领域的全方位合作。21世纪初,缅甸成为中国青睐的重点投资对象和能源通道,给中缅胞波关系注入了新的动力。在21世纪第二个10年里,两国共同推进"一带一路"建设,并将中缅全面战略合作伙伴关系升级为中缅命运共同体,中缅胞波友谊进入了新时代。中缅胞波关系的新陈代谢是两国共同利益基础不断扩展的结果。     

中缅财务报表列报具体会计准则之比较

推进中缅两国会计趋同,解决中国与缅甸经贸往来中会计信息不可比问题,进而为带动中国—东盟自由贸易区内各国之间的会计趋同,推进国际会计准则趋同的进程,需要研究中缅两国会计准则的差异。本文对中缅两国财务报表列报具体准则的适用范围和基本要求、财务报表的组成和编报责任以及资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表、权益变动表、财务报表附注的披露内容和顺序等方面,对中缅财务报表列报会计准则进行比较。     

中缅油气管道建设运营的地缘政治经济分析

中缅油气管道给中缅两国带来巨大地缘政治利益的同时,也将改变亚洲、特别是东南亚和南亚的能源地缘战略格局。中缅油气管道的规划建设既有国家层面的地缘政治经济利益和能源安全战略考量,又有地方省区市政府的利益驱动,更有中国国家石油公司之间的竞争因素。一方面,中缅油气管道的建成运营不仅延续了南方丝绸之路和滇缅公路的辉煌,将中缅睦邻友好关系推上新的高度,而且也是中国拓展与东南亚和南亚能源合作的重要组成部分。另一方面,缅甸借助中缅油气管道不仅成功开展油气外交使缅甸成为亚洲主要能源国家,振兴缅甸经济以提升缅甸在亚洲的经贸地位,而且提升缅甸在地区和国际事务中的地位。     

中国与印度在缅甸的地缘利益碰撞

冷战末期以来,中国积极推进中缅政治合作,加大对缅经济技术援助,扩大在缅投资特别是基础设施建设投资力度。这些举措使中国在缅甸的影响力大大提升。印度认为,中国“南下”缅甸对其在缅利益、国家安全以及“东向”政策的实施构成了挑战,遂通过政治拉拢、插手南海问题等措施,意图干扰中国“南下”缅甸的进程。中印在缅利益碰撞,不仅使两国在缅甸的合作难以开展,也促使缅甸加快实施大国平衡战略,以期利用印度来平衡中国在其国内的影响力。     

当前美日两国在改善对缅关系上的合作与竞争

2011年缅甸民选政府取代军人政府执政后,美日两国的对缅政策都有了明显的变化。美国对缅出台“务实接触”政策,既有缅甸国内政治生态发生变化的因素,更有美国需要缅甸作为其“重返东南亚”的战略支点的原因;日本则借长期以来对缅“建设性干预”政策和经济合作恢复两国间的“特殊关系”,从而确立其在东南亚的主导地位。未来美日都会更加重视两国在对缅政策上的协调与合作,但也存在一定程度的竞争,甚至在扩大各自对缅影响力方面的竞争还可能增加。     

近年印缅关系的新发展及动因和影响

近年来,缅甸与印度的关系不断改善和升温,以两国高层互访为契机,双方在经贸、安全等领域的合作日益深化。缅印关系的发展变化主要是基于双方地缘政治、经济、能源和安全等方面的相互需求,同时也不乏中国因素的考量。缅印关系的升温虽然会对中缅关系和区域合作格局产生一定的影响,但各方也可在区域合作中找到共同利益的结合点。     

缅甸政治改革以来印度与缅甸关系的进展与趋势

缅甸政治转型、经济改革与对外战略调整为印度发展与缅甸关系带来新机遇。以两国高层互访为契机,双边在经贸、安全与文化等领域的合作日益深化。双边经贸快速增长,边境贸易逐步提升,投资关系有所发展。出于建立互惠型防务合作机制的愿望,两国军事交往日益频繁,军事交流与合作机制化路线日益清晰,海上安全合作成为两国安全合作的新要素。印度为扩大对缅甸影响力,在硬件设施和软性能力建设上加大了对缅援助力度。加强在区域与次区域合作框架内的沟通与合作,为两国关系的新发展提供了重要平台。     

缅甸华侨华人与缅甸社会与文化的融合

中缅两国山水相连,自古以来就友好相处,通商通婚,建立了传统的胞波友谊。在反帝反殖斗争中,在发展经济的过程中,互相理解,互相支持,互相帮助,互通有无,使两国的传统友谊。旅缅华侨华人为中缅友谊的建立与发展作出了不可磨灭的巨大贡献。本文将从缅甸华人社会的形成与发展、华侨华人在政治上与缅甸民族的融合、华侨华人在经济上与缅甸社会的融合、华侨华人在文化上与缅甸文化的融合、华侨华人社会的未来展望等五个方面进行一些分析与探讨。一、缅华社会的形成与发展中缅两国人民之间的交往始于交通,中缅交通始于腾冲的蜀身毒道的开通。蜀身毒…     

到缅甸去做生意

中缅是友好邻邦，两国有长达２１００多公里的共同边界线。中缅两国于１９５０年建交。 中国发展对缅贸易有诸多有利条件 首先，中缅两国都实行市场经济和对外开放政策，这为两国发展和扩大双边贸易创造了良好的条件和环境，成为发展双边贸易的巨大推动力；其次，中缅两国陆地边界线长，这为两国发展边贸提供了得天独厚的条件；第三，中缅两国贸易历史悠久，许多中国商品早已打入缅甸市场，并已赢得了信誉；第四，中缅经济具有较强的互补性，通过双边贸易可以实现经济优势互补、互通有无；第五，近年来，缅甸政府扩大了国内生产和消费，在从…     

中缅会计准则趋同研究——基于中缅资产减值具体会计准则之比较

随着中国与缅甸贸易和投资的发展，应研究中缅两国会计准则的差异，以促进中缅两国会计趋同，进而带动整个中国一东盟自由贸易区内成员国之间的会计趋同，推进会计准则国际趋同的进程。本文对中缅资产减值会计准则进行比较。     

The Development of EU-Russian Relations

The EU＇s strategy for Russia since the end of the cold war has to a large extent failed, and the direct consequences are the currently deadlocked EU-Russia relationship. There are three reasons for this： the EU and Russia＇s respective strength and status relative to each other have been changing since the beginning of this century; the EU＇s strategy towards Russia has been more fragmenting in recently years; and the American factor. The EU-Russia relations could continue to be in poor shape in the years to come, and it is very likely sometimes even further worsening. But the two sides would refrain from extreme measures and prevent their relations from sliding into real cold war.     

China＇s Rise vs. International Order Evolution

A heated debate over the rise of China has been going on unabated in the international community for nearly two decades. However, with the elapse of time, the initial divergence of views in the mainstream opinion has gradually diminished and the gap in China policy among nations has likewise narrowed down. Instead, reason and a realistic approach have eventually taken center stare.     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

The Balance Between Coercion and Accommodation

1. Introduction
On the morning of April 1st, 2001, a U.S. EP-3 surveillance aircraft was conducting an intelligence flight along the Chinese territorial border in the airspace south-east of China＇s Hainan Island. Two Chinese fighter jets intercepted the spy plane and followed its flight, as is considered ordinary international practice. For reasons unknown, the EP-3 airplane made a sudden maneuver and crashed into one of the Chinese planes. The Chinese plane dropped into the sea, the pilot missing. The U.S. spy plane was also severely damaged. It intruded into Chinese territorial space and landed on Hainan Island without official permission from the Chinese side. After landing, the spy plane and 24 crew on board were detained by the Chinese authorities. This air collision episode was the first of its kind in the China-U.S. relations and an urgent diplomatic crisis ensued.     

The U. S. Policy toward DPRK: Opportunities and Constraints

布什政府上台以来,始终未能阻止朝鲜拥核步伐.朝核试后,美对朝政策有了新的调整,六方会谈得以复会.但美朝双方受各自国家利益和政策目标的限制,在朝鲜半岛无核化问题上的尖锐分歧难以解决,朝核危机仍存在再度升级的可能.     

Marxist Philosophy vs. International Relations Research in China

This article argues for the confirmation of Marxist philosophy as the ideology that guides international relations （IR） studies in China. Justification comes through the following points. According to Marxism, correct theoretical guidance serves as the prerequisite for correct practice. Marxist philosophy embodies, by nature, righteousness, in opposition to political hegemony. Accordingly, practice under its guidance represents fruitful revolutionary realism. Finally, advanced studies of international relations in this country cannot be separated from philosophical thinking. Using these arguments as background, this article specifically advocates materialism, patriotism, and service to the people as the corner-stone of China＇s IR theory building.     

Excavating Concealed Tradeoffs: How Russians Watch the News

Citizens in democracies are expected to make better decisions if they understand policy tradeoffs. However, politicians rarely have incentives to communicate them; citizens are uncomfortable choosing among valued outcomes; and devising a common metric is difficult. It is not surprising that in the United States the environment provides relatively little cuing or priming of tradeoffs in television news. Russian citizens, on the other hand, face a media environment in which tradeoff cuing is intentionally suppressed by owners' agendas, yet viewers detect concealed tradeoffs even in the absence of tradeoff priming and viewpoint diversity. Analysis of discourse among ordinary Russians in 16 focus groups convened in four cities, differentiated by political reform and media market environments, showed that when watching news in which tradeoffs are thoroughly concealed, viewers challenge stories by offering a broad spectrum of uncued tradeoffs. Tradeoffs come from diverse policy domains and represent a range of cognitive strategies, some of which are considerably more abstract than others and link elements of their observations and assumptions (together with what they can extract from the stories) into complex reasoning outcomes.     

The U.S. Global Strategy as Seen from the Debate in the Primary Election

There may be more than one year to go before the 2008 U.S. presidential election, but the primary election of the two parties has already begun ahead of time. Both the Democratic and Republican candidates for the     

中国需要构建怎样的周边(英文)

正The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China’s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development.1China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,focusing on global-level relations and staying committed to relations     

中巴关系的发展及其认识误区（英文）

China and Brazil established a strategic partnership in 1993. The bilateral ties have seen rapid development in almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations. These myths are the result of a lack of mutual understanding as well as the misconceptions result misconceptions of the western observers and media. These misunderstandings have of have jeopardized images of the China-Brazil relations and also hindered further development of their bilateral relationship.