用反周期的知识产权政策应对全球经济衰退——21世纪宏观经济调控方式的变动趋势

为知识产权政策在国家宏观经济调控中发挥作用找到了经济学理论基础。分析了各国政府在2008年全球金融危机中采取的政策措施的局限性，论证了知识产权政策将成为未来宏观经济调控政策的一个重要支柱，最后还提出了设立“专利转化储备基金”、对专利保护高度进行反周期性调整和反周期性政府购买等具有操作性的政策建议。     

默顿理论与我国青少年犯罪预防

默顿的社会反常理论作为紧张理论中的主要理论,有着深刻的社会和理论背景,深远的犯罪指导意义。其从一种整体的角度运用了文化目标和社会制度性规范两个变量的矛盾来分析社会犯罪现象。这对于正处于社会转型期的我国,从社会整体结构原因的角度来分析日益增长的青少年犯罪现象有着重要的现实意义。     

用商行为理论探讨商业赠与行为

随着市场经济的发展,商家之间的竞争程度越来越激烈,在现实生活中我们经常遇到商家用赠品来获得消费者的青睐。本文首先用商行为理论来界定商业赠与的性质,在此基础上,从产品的定义出发来分析商业赠品与主商品之间的关系,确定商业赠与行为所产生的法律责任,以期对司法实践有所帮助。     

商业判断规则研究的新视角——借鉴英国行政法管辖权理论

作为一项司法审查制度,美国的商业判断规则旨在保护善意决策的董事,使其免于对善意行为的后果承担赔偿责任。商业判断规则主要关注法院、董事分别对何种性质的事项享有最后决定权的问题。本文认为,商业判断规则的研究可以借鉴英国行政法管辖权理论,因为两者之间存在极大的相似之处,不可避免地遇到类似的问题。此外,后者在行政法中的地位、理论研究的广度和深度均远远超于前者在商法中的地位、理论研究的广度和深度。本文试图从借鉴英国行政法管辖权理论的角度着手,采取跨部门法的研究方法、案例研究等方法,对商业判断规则的重要问题进行类比研究。本文的参考价值和创新在于,首次提出英国行政法管辖权理论的可借鉴性,以及提出具体的借鉴建议。     

楼宇对讲商业地理

商业地理主要研究商业活动的地理分布,商业活动与自然、经济、社会文化环境的关系,商业活动的空间组织或地域结构规律等商业活动的地域特点。但是,楼宇对讲商业地理并不从理论上去研究楼宇对讲行业,而是以一个记者的视角,走马观花探寻国内主要楼宇对讲企业,从不同的角度梳理楼宇对讲产业发展历程,探讨企业发展的资源、政策、商业气候、商业文化等问题。用商业地理之眼,寻觅楼宇对讲产品之魂。     

政府购买服务的比较效率:基于公共性的理论框架与实证检验

购买服务是我国当前公共服务供给侧改革的关键创新。政府由此必须经常在"制造还是购买"之间进行选择,其决策质量将深刻影响购买服务政策的效果。从经济学角度出发,购买服务的前提是政府在服务的生产和交易环节获取比较经济效率。论文从公共服务的公共属性出发,认为在权衡购买服务的比较经济效率时,必须纳入对服务公共性治理的制度效率。为检验扩展的比较效率分析框架,论文对我国22个省41个市县的756名公务员进行了问卷调研。研究发现,公共性治理效率会显著影响公务员对购买服务的态度,同时当前购买服务的整体效率还比较有限。研究认为,用公共性视角来补充和完善购买服务的市场化视角,能够深化和拓宽对政府效率、核心竞争力及其制度基础的理解,辅助政府在宏观和微观层面上的购买决策。     

关于反商业贿赂的法哲学思考

商业贿赂从某种程度上讲已成为一种潜规则,近日全国掀起了反商业贿赂的高潮,然而鲜有从法哲学的角度对之论述的文章。笔者认为作为理论支撑从法哲学角度阐释之依然是有必要的。并认为商业贿赂严重背离了正义、秩序和社会效益等法律价值,反商业贿赂,势在必行。     

商业贿赂行为之违法性认定

我国政府日渐重视包括商业贿赂的法律治理，形成了初步治理商业贿赂的法律体系。本文主要针对其中的行政管理法律体系进行解读与分析，即从违法性层面对商业贿赂行为的认定做出初步探索。     

因特网与计算机犯罪

政府行为和商业运作移植到计算机上来完成,这一行为使得犯罪行为从传统的只要集中于有形财产的犯罪也相应的转移到网络空间了。本文指出有形犯罪发展到无形犯罪对整个社会产生了严重的冲击,不论从社会的角度还是从经济的角度来说,解决网络犯罪问题迫在眉睫。     

从组织理论角度论政府机构设置的合理化

政府机构改革是一项复杂的社会工程，它的成败取决于多种内外变量，从组织理论角度来看，政府机构的合理设置必须做到外部行政环境的优化和内部各要素的协调发展。     

政府促进公平分配权力的体系性思考

对社会财富分配规则进行研究,从中提炼能够统辖所有分配规则的抽象的权力范畴,可以提升有关优化收入分配结构、促进收入公平分配的法律问题的理论研究深度。散见于社会财富三次分配中的货币发行权、公共投资收益权、政府采购决定权以及劳动力定价权、征税权、财政补贴决定权、社会保障支出权、税式支出权等一系列权力,可以提炼为公平分配促进权,包括基础性权能和调控性权能的二重结构,各种权力协调运行有助于促进社会财富公平分配。     

The size of the SOE sector and macroeconomic performance: an empirical study based on Chinese provincial data

Using a neoclassical growth model augmented with human capital, we investigate the impact of the presence of state owned enterprises (SOEs) on macroeconomic performance in China, using provincial data from 1990 to 2004. We estimate a macroeconomic model with panel methods to explain changes in labor productivity resulting from standard influences as well as presence of the SOE sector measured in five different ways. While controlling for growth in the labor force and physical capital, government size, exposure to trade and change in economic structure, we conclude that the relative share of the SOE sector has no significant influence on macroeconomic performance in China during our sample period.     

生态消费的法律保障:应然抉择与实然存在的研究

生态消费是一种生态化的消费模式,生态消费对于传统消费方式的超越和变革决定了它不是一般意义上的问题,而是关系到人类活动的重大社会问题,生态消费需要法律的保障.法律对社会利益的追求和维护、消费者社会义务的法律化以及和谐社会秩序对法律的需求为生态消费法律的创设确定了应然基础.作为一种长期的客观存在,生态消费法律在国内外立法实践中都有所落实和体现.生态消费法律主要包括了消费者社会义务制度、政府绿色采购制度和生态消费税收制度.我国应顺应消费模式变革的迫切需要,建立起适合我国国情的生态消费法律保障体系.     

Rule‐Intermediaries in Action: How State and Business Stakeholders Influence the Meaning of Consumer Rights in Regulatory Governance Arrangements

The boundaries between public and private actors are increasingly blurred via regulatory governance arrangements and the contracting out of rights enforcement to private organizations. Regulation and governance scholars have not gained enough empirical leverage on how state actors, private organizations, and civil society groups influence the meaning of legal rules in regulatory governance arrangements that they participate in. Drawing from participant observation at consumer law conferences and interviews with stakeholders, my empirical data suggest that consumer rights and, in fact, consumer law, mean different things to different stakeholders tasked with adjudicating consumer rights. Rights afforded consumers who purchase warranties are now largely contingent on first using alternative dispute resolution structures, some created and operated by private organizations with soft state oversight and others run by stakeholders but with greater state oversight and involvement. Using new institutional sociology and regulatory governance theories, I find that stakeholders involved in overseeing and administering these dispute resolution systems filter the meaning of consumer rights through competing business and consumer logics. Because consumer laws mean different things to stakeholders tasked with adjudicating consumer rights, two different rights regimes simultaneously exist in this field. I conclude that how rule‐intermediaries administering private and state‐run dispute resolution systems conceptualize what consumer laws mean in action may have implications for regulatory governance and more broadly, consumers' access to justice.     

劳动派遣机构与用人单位之比较

劳动派遣机构是随着劳动派遣这一特殊社会现象而在法律概念上逐步明确下来的.劳动派遣的样态和性质决定了派遣机构的性质.用人单位是我国劳动法上具有特定内涵与外延的法律概念和范畴.要扩大劳动法的调整范围,将劳动派遣关系纳入其调整,必须要对这两个劳动法律关系主体进行对比研究.分别从两个主体的法律资格、职能、法律责任承担以及法律创制的意义四个方面进行对比分析,以期厘清这两个主体既相联系又相区别的特征.     

From the Instrument of Delivery to the Actual Agent of Harm: Fighting the Criminal Purchase of Ammunition

The illegal trade in ammunition in the Netherlands seems to be a small-scale problem. However, as a result of high profits and a small chance of being caught, it is an extremely attractive criminal activity for malicious individuals. The criminal purchase of ammunition is facilitated by weaknesses in the logistic supply chain for legal ammunition, current legislation on the purchase, possession, transport and use of ammunition and the inadequacy with which Dutch government agencies enforce the laws. The fight against the criminal purchase of ammunition could benefit from the adoption of an automated registration system by arms dealers, the use of a different type of freighting method for legal ammunition transport and a common approach by European law enforcement agencies.     

构建服务型政府必须创新的管理理念

构建服务型政府是适应社会主义市场经济发展,转变政府职能和实践“三个代表”思想的必然要求。服务型政府的管理与传统的行政管理有着原则的区别。文章从价值取向和实践要求的角度分析了服务型政府中管理理念的内涵,比较了服务型治理模式与传统行政管理模式中管理理念的差异,并从实践出发,论述了如何在构建服务型政府的过程中创新管理。     

宪政视野里的无产阶级政党宪定执政地位研究

无产阶级政党在现行宪法中的宪定执政地位是科学共产主义理论在社会主义宪政国家阶段具有历史唯物论意义的逻辑推论。这种执政的宪定地位是实现向共产主义高级阶段跨越的保证。中国社会主义实践历程揭示了在社会主义阶段必须将社会主义的国家建构成社会主义的法治国家,宪政国家理念与社会主义才能真正实现在宪法框架下的统一。社会主义宪政体制的内涵发展与时代发展的客观现状决定了共产党执政地位的正当性与合法性必须重新解读。其正当性与合法性在于其社会主义宪政国家建设过程中的先进性。     

STRUCTURAL CONDITIONS AND RACIAL HOMICIDE PATTERNS: A LOOK AT THE MULTIPLE DISADVANTAGES IN URBAN AREAS*

This research examines the differential effects of structural conditions on race-specific victim and offender homicide rates in large U.S. cities in 1990. While structural theories of race relations and criminological explanations are reviewed, particular attention is given to those structural theories that highlight racial competition, economic and labor market opportunity, and racial segregation as essential for an examination of racially disaggregated homicide offending. The effects of these and other structural conditions are estimated for four racially distinct homicide offending models—black intraracial, white intraracial, black interracial, and white interracial homicides. The results suggest that the structural conditions that lead to race-specific victim and offender homicide rates differ significantly among the four models. Economic deprivation and local opportunity structures are found to influence significantly the rates of intraracial homicide offending, while racial inequality contributes solely to black interracial homicide rates. In addition, our findings indicate that blacks and whites face different economic and social realities related to economic deprivation and social isolation. The differential impact of these structural conditions and other labor market factors are discussed.     

完善我国政府采购法之探讨

完善的政府采购法有利于保障政府采购当事人的合法利益、预防和遏止违法行为,加强市场监管等。但目前我国《政府采购法》存在适用范围狭窄,供应商的市场准入制度疏漏,政府采购方式疏落,政府采购监督制度粗疏,国内产业保护乏力等问题,需要以扩大适用范围,进一步明确建构供应商的市场准入制度,增强对政府采购方式的规范,健全政府采购监督制度,强化对国内产业的保护来完善《政府采购法》。