俄罗斯经济转轨与利益分配的制度分析

20世纪90年代俄罗斯启动经济转轨之后,由制度变迁所导致的利益分配关系调整对经济转轨和社会转型均产生了重要的影响.作为不同社会集团力量均衡结果的利益结构与经济转轨的历程密切相关,在相当程度上,利益结构的变化反映着经济社会转型的绩效.本文从利益分配的角度,运用制度主义的相关理论工具,对俄经济转轨的运行机理和绩效特征进行了分析.笔者认为,俄罗斯经济利益关系的协调是促进其经济社会转型,积极、稳妥地推进国内经济、政治改革的关键环节.     

Causes and Consequences of the War in Eastern Ukraine: An Economic Geography Perspective

Abstract

This essay provides an economic geography perspective on the causes and consequences of the war in eastern Ukraine. It focuses on the controversial proposition that the armed conflict in 2014 was triggered by domestic, economically determined factors. The essay argues that economic and material circumstances in the region had generated neither necessary nor sufficient conditions for a locally rooted, internally driven armed conflict. The role of the Kremlin’s military intervention was paramount for the commencement of hostilities. As the human and economic costs of the war continue to mount, Ukraine’s war-ravaged eastern regions face further depopulation, economic decline and erosion of development.     

苏俄新经济政策和中国改革开放之比较

社会主义没有现成的道路、模式可以搬用,必须通过改革寻找适合本国国情的方法、道路和机制.苏俄的新经济政策和中国的改革开放在原因、内容以及过程等方面有颇多相同或相似之处,所不同的是,苏俄新经济政策最终夭折,而中国的改革开放则取得了巨大成功.     

Russia's Response to Crisis: The Paradox of Success

Russia's recovery from the deep economic crisis it experienced in 2008–2009 did not deliver clear political dividends for the Russian leadership. This is because of the context in which the crisis occurred and the way that the leadership, particularly President Medvedev, and many of its critics described the crisis. The oil-fuelled boom that preceded the crisis had the effect of deepening it. Economic recovery based on rising energy prices looks like a failure, rather than a success, and highlights the underlying structural problems of the Russian economy. Arguments about the need for modernisation from within government exacerbated this perception. This seems to have weakened the connection between approval for the leadership and economic growth, a staple of pre-crisis politics.     

Suicide in the Ukraine

The suicide rates of the 24 provinces (oblasts) of the Ukraine were found to be strongly associated with indices of social disintegration (such as divorce and illegitimacy rates), with the Western provinces incorporated in the USSR later than other Ukrainian territories having lower suicide rates and lower levels of social disintegration.