体外细胞培养技术在法医毒理学中的应用

本文介绍了细胞培养技术的基本条件及应用范围,可望为法医毒物鉴定增加一种新的检测方法,为法医毒理研究提供一项新的研究手段.     

IN SEARCH OF PERMANENCY

President Clinton signed the Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA) into law on November 19, 1997. ASFA is designed to prevent children in foster care from being returned to unsafe homes and to find safe homes for children who are not able to return to their families. Some critics say that ASFA is too extensive and intrusive; others feel it does not go far enough. The author focuses on the practical issues of what ASFA has done so far and how various communities can still use it to ameliorate some of their child welfare problems. She begins with the history of child welfare in the United States, followed by an extensive discussion of ASFA's provisions. The author then addresses criticisms of some of ASFA's key components. A discussion of the ways the states have implemented ASFA follows. The author concludes that ASFA could be a powerful and important tool in aiding the child welfare system.     

IN SEARCH OF A LINKAGE

Previous research has produced conflicting findings concerning the relationship between police evaluation by citizens and unreported crime rate. Data for thirteen large American cities indicate a weak positive relationship between the two variables. Strong negative relationships are evident between unreported crime rate and variables measuring police systems activities and demographic characteristics. Cities with the highest levels of police expenditures and manpower have the lowest levels of unreported crime, as do cities with high percentages of nonwhites and dense populations. Further analysis reveals that controlling for percentage of nonwhites and police manpower severely attenuates the original correlation between unreported crime rate and police evaluation. We conclude that future research should endeavor to explain the linkage between police systems activities and unreported crime.     

THE PROCEDURE OF THE CONTROLE OF THE DELEGATED LEGISLATION IN LAW-MAKING PROCESS IN ROMANIA

The special legislative procedures deviate from common rules, from the ordinary legislative procedure. The special legal procedures include： the additional legislative procedure to review the law, the assumption of responsibility by the Government, the legislative delegation procedure, the emergency procedure, and the adoption of constitutional laws, of organic laws, of financial laws and of laws to ratify international treaties.     

AN APPLICABILITY OF THE LIVELIHOODS APPROACH IN THE ASSESSMENT OF POVERTY IN URBAN CHINA

The paper aims to examine an applicability of the livelihoods approach to poverty studies in urban China. Basically, the approach identifies the poor as active agents tackling the problem with the type and level of capabilities, assets, activities on which they draw for their livelihoods. It highlights the multifaceted reality of their struggles against poverty. This paper argues that the livelihoods approach, which takes a people-centred approach to reduce poverty, can be a new platform for the assessment of poverty in urban China.     

RATE OF OFFENDING IN JUVENILE CAREERS: FINDINGS OF CONSTANCY AND CHANGE IN LAMBDA *

This study examines changes in the rate of offending in a sample of 8,834 males whose official juvenile law-violating careers included 26,650 offense episodes between ages 8 and 17 The rate of offending of active offenders (i.e., lambda) varied substantially as a function of age, increasing monotonically with age. Lambda, however, was not related to the age at first offense. In fact, the average lambda was amazingly constant at each individual age level regardless of the age at which offending began or desisted. Results are discussed in the light of age-crime curves known from other data sets and from the perspective of developmental changes in the rate of offending as youths grow older.     

植物酶在解剖组织中有机磷、氨基甲酸酯农药检测中的应用

本文报导了有机磷和氨基甲酸酯检测的一个新的酶抑制法.该法基于有机磷和氨基甲酸酯化合物对植物酶水解底物2,6-二氯乙酰靛酚的抑制作用.本法简单,快速,适于农药中毒的现场检验.其最小检出量分别为0.2～1μg/μ1和1～2μg/ml.     

酒精对乌头碱毒物动力学的影响

用反相高效液相色谱法测定生物样品中的乌头碱．给新西兰兔灌服１．５ｇ／ｋｇ短柄乌头后，乌头碱在免休内的毒物动力学过程为二室开放模型，其Ｋａ、Ａ、Ｂ值分别为１．１６２９±０．４０５３，０．６０４６±０．２５７４，１．１６０７±０．３７８１ｕｇ／ｍｌ．研究了灌服５．７５ｇ酒精对该动力学过程的影响，表明酒精不改变其模型类型，但可明显加速乌头碱的吸收和分布（Ｐ＜０．０１），对消除过程无明显影响，其Ｋａ、Ａ、Ｂ值分别为２．４０２６±０．５３７６，１．２０５１±０．５３２８，１．２０３７±０．４０９５μｇ／ｍｌ。说明酒精可增加短柄乌头的毒性。     

CHILDREN IN CONCILIATION THE EXPERIENCE OF INVOLVING CHILDREN IN CONCILIATION

Conciliation services in Scotland have developed rapidly since the first service, Lothian Family Conciliation Service (LFCS), was set up in Edinburgh in 1984. Conciliators in Scotland work principally with parents, but wherever possible involve children in the process. The author monitored and evaluated this work over two years. This article outlines the context of conciliation in Scotland, briefly describes the LFCS and presents the research findings on the service's involvement with children.     

应从立法上考虑条约在我国的效力问题

<正>本文的主题属于国际法与国内法关系的范畴。条约在一国(国内)的效力包含三个基本问题:第一,条约是否可以在一国为法院所直接适用?第二,条约在一国国内法上的地位如何?这个问题也可以表述为:当条约和国内法抵触时,谁优先适用?第三,在一国国内谁有权按照什么规则解释条约?     

生物检材中杀鼠药检验的研究进展

综述了近十几年来生物检材中常见杀鼠药检验的研究成果,分析讨论了在杀鼠药检验中TLC、GC、HPLC等方法的特点及适用范围.