共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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ANDREW GOLDSMITH 《Law & policy》2008,30(2):141-167
This article examines how lawmakers respond through law reform to the prospect of further terrorist attacks after September 11. The first part examines ways of conceptualizing the terrorist threat, drawing upon notions of risk, fear, catastrophe, and precaution. The concept of the Precautionary Principle is introduced and explored as a tool for making sense of, and improving, law reform processes in counterterrorism. The second part deploys these concepts through two case studies of counterterrorist law reform: Canada and Australia. What constitutes expertise in this area is considered, as is the capacity of legislators to scrutinize the arguments of necessity and prognoses of dire threat put forward by executive government. 相似文献
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美伊战争与国际人道法 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
国际人道法的一个重要规定是 :任何作战方在战争中所使用的作战手段和方法 ,都不是毫无限制的 ,其所使用的武器也必须符合国际法、尤其是国际人道法的规定。国际人道法有一些最基本的原则 ,如 :“应避免不必要痛苦原则”和“区分原则” ,从非常规武器的特征来看 ,其使用时很难做到避免产生不必要痛苦原则 ,也很难做到将战斗员与非战斗员进行区别。从现行国际法的规定看 ,目前还没有任何关于禁止或限制使用集束武器、贫铀弹以及“炸弹之母”等武器的明确规定。但在武装冲突中落实国际人道法有关规定时 ,必须考虑“马尔顿”条款这一重要的法律原则 相似文献
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只有在联合国的批准或授权下,或经被干涉国的邀请,国际社会才能对发生于一国的人道主义灾难实施人道主义干涉。而西方大国越来越倾向于擅自以人道主义的名义武力介入他国。这种单边的人道主义干涉多是某些国家实现一己私利的工具,从未成为国际习惯,也违反《联合国宪章》,因此是违反国际法的。而联合国现行的体制无法有效发挥在制止人道主义灾难方面应有的作用,使大国有了擅行干涉的口实。为此,应完善联合国的人道主义干涉体制。 相似文献
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梁洁 《西南政法大学学报》2008,10(1):68-75
习惯国际人道法规则的确立,既要遵循国际习惯法的一般原理,又要顾及国际人道法的自身特点。国际性与非国际性武装冲突的区分,在当前历史条件下仍是确立习惯国际人道法规则的前提;在证明国家实践的一致性时应首先确保作为证据的实践属"官方实践";"法律确信"的证明对一些禁止性规则的确立甚为重要;而条约作为国际人道法的另一主要渊源,在习惯国际人道法规则确立中起着重要的证据作用。红十字国际委员会《习惯国际人道法》确立规则的方法,既有可取之处,又存在疏漏,对其分析有助于我们的进一步研究。 相似文献
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Netherlands International Law Review - 相似文献
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Amrith Rohan Perera 《Commonwealth Law Bulletin》2013,39(2):163-167
This article explores some of the new challenges confronting Commonwealth countries in the context of international humanitarian law (IHL). The very nature of non-international armed conflicts presents new challenges that did not exist in the context of inter-State conflicts, which were conducted in the traditional battlefield with well demarcated boundaries. The point is made that, in addressing the role of the Commonwealth in relation to contemporary IHL issues, a good starting point would be the shared commonalities between the two branches of law, HRL and IHL, notwithstanding their distinct paths of development. There are several important areas that could form the core of Commonwealth cooperation in strengthening IHL, including in the area of legislation, national mechanisms for the implementation of IHL and regional measures to strengthen IHL. 相似文献
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Eden Charles 《Commonwealth Law Bulletin》2013,39(2):168-172
This article explores the role of Commonwealth countries with respect to the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), which is now part of the body of international humanitarian law. This landmark instrument has, as its central objective, the establishment of the highest possible common international standards for regulating or improving the regulation of the international trade in conventional arms; prevent and eradicate the illicit trade in conventional arms and prevent their diversion. Trinidad and Tobago and other Member States of the Caribbean Community strongly supported the movement which culminated in the adoption of the ATT and participated actively in the negotiations which led to the conclusion of this historic Treaty. It is obvious that the international community now has within its arsenal an agreement, which, if embraced by all, could erase an ample amount of the pain and suffering associated with the billion dollar illegal arms trade. Commonwealth countries should continue to show leadership in this endeavour and work towards increasing the number of States Parties to the ATT. 相似文献
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研究平民的国际人道法保护问题,是一项有重大意义的课题。当前,武装冲突中平民的人道法保护面临诸多困境,因而必须进一步明确国际人道法对平民的保护要求,完善国际人道法对平民保护的实施机制,依靠科技进步推动国际人道法的创新与发展。 相似文献
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