<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sheldon S. Wolin:</Emphasis> Tocqueville between two worlds: The making of a political and theoretical life

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Sheldon S. Wolin: Tocqueville between two worlds: The making of a political and theoretical life Princeton/Oxford: Princeton University Press 2001, 650 S., $ 24,95

     

Ein amerikanischer Eisberg: Sozialkapital und die Erzeugung politischer Verdrossenheit

Ohne Zusammenfassung Rezensionsessay zu Robert D. Putnam: Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York u.a.: Simon and Schuster 2000, 541 S., $26,-, und zu Susan J. Pharr und Robert D. Putnam (Hg.): Disaffected Democracies: What’s Troubling the Trilateral Countries? Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press 2000, xxi + 362 S., $19,95.     

Williamson Murray's wars: A review essay

Williamson Murray, The Change in the European Balance of Power, 1938–1939: The Path to Ruin (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1984), pp. xix, 494, £33.50 or $50 (hb); £13.20 or $19.50 (pb).     

In search of international political economy a review essay

John Edelman Spero, The Politics of International Economic Relations (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1977).

Stephen D. Krasner, Defending the National Interest. Raw Materials, Investments and U.S. Foreign Policy (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1978).

Charles‐Albert Michalet, Le capitalisme mondial (Paris: Presses universi‐taires de France, 1976).     

Challenges of strategic intelligence

Bruce D. Beikowitz and Allan E. Goodman, Strategic Intelligence for American National Security (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989). Pp. xiii + 232. $19.95.

Rhodri Jeffreys‐Jones, The CIA and American Democracy (New Haven, CN: Yale University Press, 1989). Pp. x + 338. $30.00.

Ephraim Kam, Surprise Attack: The Victim's Perspective (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988). Pp. xv + 266. $19.95.     

Carl Schmitt in West German perspective

Carl Schmitt: Theorist for the Reich. By Joseph W. Bendersky. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983. Pp.xiv + 320. £20.50.

Der Leviathan in der Staatslehre des Thomas Hobbes. Sinn und Fehlschlag eines politischen Symbols. By Carl Schmitt. Koln: Hohenheim Verlag, 1982 (reprint of the 1938 edition). Pp.244. DM34.80.

Land und Meer. Eine weltgeschichtliche Betrachtung. By Carl Schmitt. Köln: Hohenheim Verlag, 1981 (reprint of the 1942 edition). Pp.107. DM18.     

Fortitude,ultra and the ‘need to know’

E.T. Layton with R Pinneau and J. Costello, And I Was There. Pearl Harbor and Midway (New York: William Morrow), pp. 596, $19.95.

Donald A. Torres, Handbook of Federal Police and Investigative Agencies (Westport, Conn., and London: Greenwood Press, 1985), pp. 411, £49.95.

Ernest R. May (ed.), Knowing One's Enemies. Intelligence Assessment Before the Two World Wars (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984), pp. 561, $29.50 or £19.80 (cloth); $14.50 or £9.70 (paper).     

Book reviews

E.T. Layton with R Pinneau and J. Costello, And I Was There. Pearl Harbor and Midway (New York: William Morrow), pp. 596, $19.95.

Donald A. Torres, Handbook of Federal Police and Investigative Agencies (Westport, Conn., and London: Greenwood Press, 1985), pp. 411, £49.95.

Ernest R. May (ed.), Knowing One's Enemies. Intelligence Assessment Before the Two World Wars (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984), pp. 561, $29.50 or £19.80 (cloth); $14.50 or £9.70 (paper).     

Sightseeing vs Biophilia at the Grand Canyon

Harold Brookfield and Piers Blaikie: Land Degradation and Society. London: Methuen, 1987.

Calestous Juma: The Gene Hunters: Biotechnology and the Scramble for Seeds. London: Zed Books, and New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Kenichi Miyamoto: Kankyo no Keizaigaku (Economics of Environment), Tokyo: Iwanamishoten, 1989.     

Making Sense of Our Lives

Williams, B. (2005) In the Beginning Was the Deed: Realism and Moralism in Political Argument , ed. G. Hawthorn. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
Williams, B. (2006) The Sense of the Past: Essays in the History of Philosophy , ed. M. Burnyeat. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
Williams, B. (2006) Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline , ed. A. W. Moore. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.     

Reviewing two centuries

He has spent nearly a quarter of a century in teaching, research, and technical assistance in Brazil, South Korea, Venezuela, and Chile; and he is currently doing research on urban social movements in Latin America. His most recent books are Life Space and Economic Space: Essays in Third World Planningand, published by Princeton University Press, Planning in the Public Domain: From Knowledge to Action,from which this article is adapted with permission.     

Korea: Mythology and scholarship

The Origins of the Korean War, Volume 2, The Roaring of the Cataract 1947–1950, by Bruce Cumings. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1990. xviii + 957 pp. $99.50. ISBN 0–691–07843–2.

Documents On British Policy Overseas, Series II, Volume IV, Korea 1950–1951, edited by H. J. Yasamee and K. A. Hamilton, assisted by Isabel Warner and Ann Lane. HMSO, London, 1991. liii + 513 pp. and 12 microfiches. £47. ISBN 0–11–591695–4.     

‘Appointment with history’: The referenda on the Stormont peace agreement,May 1998

The Emergence of Democracy, By Tatu Vanhanen. Helsinki: The Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, 1984. Pp. 168. N.P.

Contemporary Democracies. By G. Bingham Powell, Jr. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 1982. Pp. xi + 279. £7 (paperback).

Democracy, East and West. By Howard P. Kainz. London: Macmillan, 1984. Pp. 152. £20.

Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies: Realignment or Dealignment? Edited by Russell J. Dalton, Scott C. Flanagan and Paul Allen Beck. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985. Pp.xvi + 513. £59.20 (hardback), £12.60 (paperback).

The Place of Ideology in Political Life. By D.J. Manning and T.J. Robinson. London: Croom and Helm, 1985. Pp. 128. £17.95 (hardback).

Against Socialist Illusion: A Radical Argument. By David Selbourne. London: Macmillan, 1985. Pp. vii + 327. £25 (hardback), £8.95 (paperback).

Socialism, The State and Public Policy in France. Edited by Philip G. Cerny and Martin A. Schain. London: Frances Pinter, 1985. Pp. vi + 298. £17.50 (hardback).

Wohlfahrtsstaatliche Politik unter bürgerlichen und sozialdemokratischen Regierungen: ein internationaler Vergleich. By Manfred G. Schmidt. Frankfurt/New York: Campus Verlag, 1982. Pp. 258. DM 45.00 (paperback).

Vom Armenhaus zum Wohlfahrtsstaat: Analysen zur Entwicklungder Sozialversiche‐rungin Westeuropa. By Jens Alber. Frankfurt/New York: Campus Verlag, 1982. Pp. 280. DM 45.00 (paperback).

Western Europe and Japan Between the Superpowers. By Wolf Mendl. London: Croom Helm 1984. Pp. 181. £15.95.

Economic Summits and Western Decision‐making. Edited by Cesare Merlini. London: Croom Helm, in association with EIPA, 1984. Pp. 212. £15.95.

From Dictatorship to Democracy. Coping with the Legacies of Authoritarianism and Totalitarianism. Edited by John H. Herz. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1982. Pp. xii + 311.

Die Neue Freiheit: 1945–1961. By Erich Mende. Munich and Berlin: Herbig, 1984. Pp. 491. DM 44.

West German Lay Judges: Recruitment and Representativeness. By John P. Richert. Tampa: University Presses of Florida, 1983. Pp. ix + 223. $19.00 (hardback).

The Politics of Public Enterprise: Oil and the French State. By Harvey B. Feigenbaum. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985. Pp. 194. £26.90 (hardback) £7.40 (paperback).

The View From Inside: A French Communist Cell in Crisis. By JANE Jenson and George Ross. Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. x + 346 (no index or bibliography). £29.95 (hardback).

Industrial Policy and the Motor Industry. By Stephen Wilks. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984. Pp. xviii + 318. £18.95.

L'état britannique. By CLAUDE Journes. Paris: Publisud, 1985. Pp. 267. N.P.

No Pope of Rome: Militant Protestantism in Modem Scotland. By Steve Bruce. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing Co., 1985. Pp. 270. £12.95 (hardback).

Socialism and Abundance. Radical Socialism in the Danish Welfare State. By John Logue. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983. Pp. XX11 + 353. $35.     

Individualism,etatism, and the ACLU

Fred Siegel teaches at The Cooper Union in New York. Last year he served as Visiting Fellow at The Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. He is working on a book about the decline of American imperialism and is editing a special issue of Dissenton social breakdown.     

Safety through markets

His work on the economics of health, safety, and environmental risks includes Risk by Choice, Employment Hazards,and Learning About Risk(with Wesley A. Magat). His most recent book, Compensation Mechanisms for Job Risks(with Michael J. Moore) will be published by Princeton University Press in January, 1990.     

Are China and Japan rivals in Latin America? A rivalry perception analysis

Abstract

This article investigates whether the People’s Republic of China and Japan perceive each other as rivals in Latin America (LA; both the Chinese and Japanese governments tend to refer to the region as Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), but for the purposes of this article we focus mainly on LA), and what impact such a perception might have on their foreign policy decision-making. We take LA as a case study because China’s and Japan’s recent (re-)engagement there began almost simultaneously in the early 2000s, and has developed against the background of domestic leadership transitions, growing demands for energy and markets, as well as international political agendas in which LA might play a key role. Developing the work of Thompson [(1995). Principal rivalries. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 39 (2), 195–223; (2001). Identifying rivals and rivalries in world politics. International Studies Quarterly, 45(4), 557–586] and Vasquez [(1993). The War Puzzle. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press; (1996). Distinguishing rivals that go to war from those that do not: Aa quantitative comparative case study of the two paths to war. International Studies Quarterly, 40 (4), 531–558] on rivalry, in combination with perception theory [Jervis, R. (1976). Perception and misperception in international politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press], the article suggests three indicators by which to measure the extent to which China and Japan might perceive each other as rivals. Drawing on content analysis of a range of Chinese- and Japanese-language official writing, news reports, and academic analysis, the article argues that, despite some media representation of China and Japan as competitors for resources and power in LA, in fact mutual perceptions concerning rivalry have not affected LA policy decisions of these two countries.     

Book Reviews

Negotiating the World Economy, by John S. Odell. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000, 252 pp., $45.00 cloth, $19.95 paper. Reviewed by Daniel J.B. Mitchell Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition, edited by Robert A. Moffitt and Michele Ver Ploeg. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001, 268 pp., $42.95. Reviewed by Daniel H. Weinberg Red Tape and Housing Costs: How Regulation Affects New Residential Development, by Michael I. Luger and Kenneth Temkin. New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy Research, 2000, 192 pp., $24.95 cloth. Reviewed by Thomas Bier Waste Trading among Rich Nations, by Kate O'Neill. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2000, 310 pp., $60.00 cloth, $22.00 paper. Reviewed by Lee S. Friedman Markets for Clean Air, by A. Denny Ellerman, Paul L. Joskow, Richard Schmalensee, Juan‐Pablo Montero, and Elizabeth M. Bailey. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000, 352 pp., $40.00. Reviewed by Lee S. Friedman The Collapse of the Kyoto Protocol and the Struggle to Slow Global Warming, by David G. Victor. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001, 178 pp., $22.95. Reviewed by Robert Falkner Causes of War: Power and the Roots of Conflict, Stephen Van Evera, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999, 270 pp., $35.00 cloth, $17.95 paper. Reviewed by Erik Gartzke Power versus Prudence: Why Nations Forgo Nuclear Weapons, by T. V. Paul. Montreal: McGill‐Queen's University Press, 2000, 227 pp., $22.95. Reviewed by Leonard S. Spector The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor, by David S. Landes, New York: W.W. Norton, 1998, 650 pp., $11.87 paper. Reviewed by Eugene B. McGregor, Jr. The End of the Nation‐state: The Rise of the Regional Economies, by Kenichi Ohmae, New York: Free Press Paperbacks, 1995, 214 pp., $16.95 paper. Reviewed by Eugene B. McGregor, Jr. Governance in a Globalizing World, edited by Joseph S. Nye and John D. Donahue, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2000, 386 pp., $18.95 paper. Reviewed by Eugene B. McGregor, Jr.     

Parties in Elections, Parties in Government, and Partisan Bias

Adam Meirowitz Department of Politics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 e-mail: ameirowi{at}princeton.edu Thomas Romer Department of Politics and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 e-mail: romer{at}princeton.edu Political parties are active when citizens choose among candidatesin elections and when winning candidates choose among policyalternatives in government. But the inextricably linked institutions,incentives, and behavior that determine these multistage choicesare substantively complex and analytically unwieldy, particularlyif modeled explicitly and considered in total, from citizenpreferences through government outcomes. To strike a balancebetween complexity and tractability, we modify standard spatialmodels of electoral competition and governmental policy-makingto study how components of partisanship—such as candidateplatform separation in elections, party ID-based voting, nationalpartisan tides, and party-disciplined behavior in the legislature—arerelated to policy outcomes. We define partisan bias as the distancebetween the following two points in a conventional choice space:the ideal point of the median voter in the median legislativedistrict and the policy outcome selected by the elected legislature.The study reveals that none of the party-in-electorate conditionsis capable of producing partisan bias independently. Specifiedcombinations of conditions, however, can significantly increasethe bias and/or the variance of policy outcomes, sometimes insubtle ways.     

Reviews

THE ROOTS OF U.S. POLICY TOWARD LA TIN AMERICA

G. Pope Atkins, Latin America in the International Political System, second edition. (Boulder: Westview Press, 1989. Pp. 421.)

Lars Schoultz: National Security and United States Policy toward Latin America. (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987. Pp. 377.)

Kevin J. Middlebrook and Carlos Rico, eds.: The United States and Latin America in the 1980s (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986. Pp. 648. Second printing 1988.)

GENEROSITY AND SELF‐INTEREST

Teresa Odendahl: Charity Begins at Home: Generosity and Self‐interest among the Philanthropic Elite. (New York: Basic Books, 1990. Pp. 298.)

HOBBES AMONG THE PATRIARCHS

Arnold A. Rogow: Thomas Hobbes: Radical in the Service of Reaction. (New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1986. Pp. 287.)

STRACHEY AND MACLEAN: BRITISH ALTERNA TIVES

Michael Newman: John Strachey. (Manchester: Manchester Press, 1989. Pp. 201.)

B. J. Ripley and J. McHugh: John Maclean. (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1989. Pp. 201.)     

Are the social sciences really inferior?

Fritz Machlup, at the time of his death in 1983, was emeritus professor of economics at Princeton University and professor of economics at New York University. A former president of the American Economic Association and the International Economic Association, his many influential publications included A History of Thought on Economic Integration, Methodology of Economics and Other Social Sciences,and The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States.This article, which was a favorite of Machlup’s, is reprinted from The Southern Economic Journalof January 1961, with the permission of that journal.