“资本主义精神”:资本主义经济增长的精神动力——里亚·格林菲尔德对韦伯的挑战

韦伯《新教伦理与资本主义精神》体现了不同于马克思资本主义研究的另类视角,认为起源于新教伦理的资本主义精神对资本主义的产生和持续发展提供了重要的精神动力,赋予了宗教伦理重要的经济内涵。2001年美国社会人类学家里亚·格林菲尔德发表了题为《资本主义精神》的著作,重新审视作为观念意识形态的资本主义精神对经济增长的动力作用。虽然都是把资本主义精神作为资本主义经济增长的动力源,两人在观点上还是存在着许多的不同。     

韦伯新教伦理之于近代资本主义精神的形成——读《新教伦理与资本主义精神》

韦伯在《新教伦理与资本主义精神》一书中,以独有的认识视角,理性分析新教伦理对资本主义精神的潜滋生长。新教伦理赋予经商逐利的伦理根源,为资本逐利本性提供了心理驱动和道德能量;入世禁欲精神及恪守天职的伦理生活促进了经济活动的开展,进而成为近代理性资本主义兴起的精神动力。     

浅析天职观对西欧资本主义兴起的影响——以马克斯·韦伯《新教伦理与资本主义精神》为研读蓝本

关于宗教改革与现代资本主义之间存在的内在关联,世界范围内的诸多学者都关注并研究过,但韦伯却提出了一种标新立异的观点,本书将"天职观"视为新教伦理的核心,将禁欲主义作为天职观念的根本,突出表明资本主义的发展需要人们对财富进行累积,而促使人们对财富积累愿望的原动力与其在宗教思想领域所受的影响大体相契合。基于以上观点,本文将重点探讨新教伦理的核心观点"天职观"对西欧资本主义兴起的影响以及将这种内在关联的本质与当代中国国情相结合进行实际领域的应用与探讨。     

论资本主义精神——基于对《新教伦理与资本主义精神》的解读

《新教伦理与资本主义精神》这本书是马克斯·韦伯的最知名的代表作之一,其所提出和研究的论题影响深远,也是最受争议的现代社会科学著作之一。在书中韦伯认为,清教的禁欲主义是催生资本主义精神的原因之一,而宗教教义与资本主义精神之间也存在一种重要的生成关系。     

“儒学开明论”质疑——儒学的性质与国学的定位

儒学开明论的要害在于看不到儒学的性质取决于其思想体系的历史性,而不取决于其思想成分的复杂性。仅据若干民本开明语录,掩盖不住其整体上耦合于王权的千年意向。其民为邦本等外在言说,奇特地背附着三位一体的专制亡灵,严重钳制中国人的心智,阻碍着他们超越传统、迈向现代的脚步。近代兴起的国学,本身就蕴涵着突破传统儒学束缚,阐旧邦以辅新命,别立新宗的时代精神,因而成为传统活性因子既突破旧体系又得以保存的新教伦理。     

中国社会的“底线生存”和“底线伦理”

中国其实还有许多的问题,如果不解决,就还是一个“跋足巨人”。这里不考虑那吸引世界的高端精神文化的发展,而只是考虑社会的“底线”。这里最重要的是两个方面,一是社会的“底线生存”方面出现的问题,一是社会的“底线伦理”方面出现的问题。     

对资本主义制度的思考——以“占领华尔街运动”为视角

美国爆发的占领华尔街运动,必定会引发社会各界对美国金融资本的思考,以及对西方资本主义体制的思考。资本主义国家不管是采取无形的手还是有形的手,或者是两种的结合,都不能避免资本主义危机不定期的爆发,也不能从根本上解决资本主义在发展中暴露出的那些问题,解决不了生产资料私人占有和生产社会化之间的资本主义的根本矛盾。     

以“六步法”开局，活动“润物”

创先争优活动是今后两年党建工作的重点,如何将活动抓实、做透,有一个良好的开局,公开承诺环节就显得尤为重要,为此,上海核工程研究设计院党委从哲学方法论角度着手。     

“理想类型”理论在构建军队政治工作学中的借鉴与运用探讨

"理想类型"理论是马克斯·韦伯重要社会科学方法论的核心,是社会科学研究的一个重要工具,军队政治工作学研究中应当借鉴这一重要思想方法,构建自己的"理想类型".     

“以花为媒”弘扬北京精神

2011年11月2日,北京市正式向社会发布了以“爱国、创新、包容、厚德”为主要内容的北京精神。公园作为重要公共场所,学习践行和弘扬好“北京精神”有着更加重要的示范和带动作用。     

An integrated approach to corporate due diligence from a human rights,environmental, and TWAIL perspective

Ten years since the adoption of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, we have witnessed an increasing trend in Europe toward the adoption of mandatory human rights and environmental due diligence. Focusing on due diligence legislation from France, Germany, Norway, and the EU, this article examines the extent to which these laws are laying the foundations for the articulation of an integrated, comprehensive, and robust framework that effectively fosters corporate accountability through preventing, addressing, and remedying corporate-related human rights and environmental harms. In this examination, we draw on international human rights and environmental standards and Third World Approaches to International Law, to identify the lessons learned from current approaches and that ought to be considered in future frameworks.     

A feminist challenge to the gendered politics of the public/private divide: on due diligence,domestic violence,and citizenship

This article examines the feminist appropriation of the legal principle of due diligence to politicize acts of violence at the hands of private actors within the private sphere. This move expanded traditional notions of state responsibility for violence against women under international human rights law. Using frame analysis, we focus on the institutionalization of this feminist understanding of due diligence through its discursive incorporation in international human rights policy documents and its mobilization in cases of domestic violence litigated within the UN and the Inter-American and European human rights systems. Through this discursive framing work and its institutionalization, feminists have challenged the gendered politics of the public/private divide to change the terms on which differently positioned women can engage with the state and global governance institutions. We argue that this change can potentially reconfigure women's state-bounded and transnational citizenship. The implications of due diligence as a political and sociological concept require more careful consideration by citizenship and human rights scholars.     

Land lotteries,long-term wealth,and political selection

Public Choice - Does personal wealth cause individuals to select into public office? This study exploits the 1805 and 1807 Georgia land lotteries to investigate the hypothesis that wealth increases...     

The racial wealth gap,financial aid,and college access

We examine how the racial wealth gap interacts with financial aid in American higher education to generate a disparate impact on college access and outcomes. Retirement savings and home equity are excluded from the formula used to estimate the amount a family can afford to pay. All else equal, omitting those assets mechanically increases the financial aid available to families that hold them. White families are more likely to own those assets and in larger amounts. We document this issue and explore its relationship with observed differences in college attendance, types of institutions attended, degrees attained, and education debt using data from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS), and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We show that this treatment of assets provides an implicit subsidy worth thousands of dollars annually to students from families with above-median incomes. White students receive larger subsidies relative to Black students and Hispanic students with similar family incomes, and this gap in subsidies is associated with disadvantages in educational advancement and student loan levels. It may explain 10 percent to 15 percent of white students’ advantage in these outcomes relative to Black students and Hispanic students.     

新时期政治思想工作如何实现科学发展

新时期,政治思想工作面临利益分散化、思维多元化、对象个性化和效应淡漠化等许多新问题,只有通过以马列主义和中国特色社会主义为核心,以提高政工干部素质为前提,以人为本作为工作出发点,以全方位政治思想工作体系为手段,以社团活动为主要载体,才能适应时代要求,实现科学发展。