South Africa: The Order of Good Hope

Past South African governments already felt the need for honours as instruments of diplomacy in the 1930s, but only instituted the Order of Good Hope in 1973. Inherited British attitudes to honours, the cessation in 1925 of the award of honours bearing titles, and long periods in which civilian honours were not awarded contributed to its frugal use. Wishing to recognize foreign assistance to the liberation movements, from 1994 President Mandela frequently put the Order to use, freely awarding leaders of foreign governments. However, restraint returned after the initial surge. Since instituting new orders in 2003, President Mbeki has emphasised substantial merit as the key to admission.

“Yes, I should have given more praise.” The Duke of Wellington, who defeated Napoleon, became Commander-in-Chief and later Prime Minister of Great Britain, when asked whether there was anything in his life that he could have done better.

     

非洲:希望与现实

当殖民时代终结时 ,非洲曾期待尽快在安全和生活水平上发生积极变化 ,然而 ,政治发展的持续波动、政策的根本变化、各国重大课题的急剧逆转 ,以及出口商品价格的深刻变化等因素 ,共同制约了独立后非洲国家走向繁荣的进程。尽管非洲各国的经历不尽相同 ,但已形成某种共同特征 ,人们很快会想到人口高速增长和投资水平低下的问题。一些国家在实现工业化过程中存在不成熟、欠考虑或者不合时宜的做法 ,在大规模而不顾及可持续发展的项目上 ,公共部门的开支计划存在同样的问题 ,颇令人失望。纵观非洲 ,非洲民众的生活水平较二三十年前似乎没有什么…     

China is the Light and Hope for New Africa

正Friendship between China and Africa started slowly after a general meeting between Africa and Asia,the conference of Bun dung in 1955.Egypt was the first African country to have diplomatic relations with China in 1956,and later at the beginning of1960 the ten African countries followed.At the end of the 1970s a total of 44 countries out of 50 that were free also joined in diplomatic relations with     

非洲有中国需要的好产品——本刊特约记者魏翠萍8月19日采访乌干达驻华大使菲力浦·伊德罗先生实录摘要

在中国和友好的非洲国家之间召开“中非合作论坛”意义重大,期望论坛在不断变化的全球形势中制定出一个世界政治和经济的新秩序,期望通过这次会议密切中国和非洲国家之间的政治、……     

The new security in democratic South Africa: a cautionary tale

The broadened and deepened notion of security has been evolving in two dimensions, one primarily intellectual and the other concerned more with political practice and policy. This paper briefly describes these dimensions, and then critically examines the acceptance of the new notion of security in the form a security-is-development thesis in South African security policy. This case shows how the security-is-development thesis affects the functions of security agencies and legitimates their anti-democratic behaviour. The case serves as a cautionary tale about how an intellectual construct, movement and school, originally intended to be a critique of state behaviour, can become a tool of state power at the expense of democracy.     

The Making of BRICS:South Africa Invigorates the New Cooperation Mechanism

South Africa’s accession to BRIC caused quite a stir in the world at the end of 2010.According to the news release dated December 24,2010 on the website of the Chinese Foreign Ministry,China-the current     

南非涉外结婚的法律适用

由于各国民商事往来日益频繁,涉外婚姻在现实中大量存在。如何判断一项涉外婚姻的效力,是各国国际私法必须解决的问题。南非是外来移民较多的国家,南非法院、立法机构确立与制定了许多调整涉外结婚的判例法和成文法规定。在南非,一项涉外婚姻的效力,包括涉外结婚的实质要件和形式要件,完全由婚姻举行地法支配。为避免因涉外结婚的形式要件和实质要件单纯适用婚姻举行地法可能带来的不利之处,南非立法和判例法中也规定或确立了许多例外规则,包括领事婚姻例外、法律规避例外和公共政策例外等。     

南非体育法律制度初探

2004年,南非对国内体育管理体制进行了改革,建立了南非体育联盟与奥委会,同体育与娱乐部共同负责南非的体育事务。南非新政府进行了一系列的体育立法,其中最主要的有《南非体育与娱乐法》和《南非体育领域反兴奋剂机构法令》。南非的体育立法消除了该国体育运动中的种族歧视,强调保护体育环境,建立了灵活的体育纠纷救济机制。在建设系统的体育法律体系、坚持国家对体育的统一集中管理等方面,南非体育法律制度具有鲜明的特色。     

Protest in South Africa: motives and meanings

South Africa is experiencing record levels of protest. Interpretations of protest fall into two groups. First, there is the argument that protests represent only limited rebellion and that though unruly, they are a mechanism for political re-engagement. A second understanding links “new social movements” that address general grievances to wider hegemonic challenges. This article addresses the issue of whether these upsurges in militant mobilization threaten or complement democratic procedures. The article draws from a study of two protest “hotspots” in Durban.     

The right to broadcast: towards a broadcasting charter for South Africa

SUMMARY

In this article Michael Markovitz, chairman of the Broadcasting Commission of the Film and Allied Workers Organisation (FAWO) argues:

• that present broadcasting statutes restrict access to the technological means of communication in South African society which prevails now;

• that broadcasting is an issue of national and constitutional importance;

• that the deregulation of broadcasting, with protection or non-profit broadcast services, could benefit the negotiation process;

• that private sector domination of both the broadcasting and print media sectors would be incompatible with the extension of freedom of expression in South Africa;

• that prevailing broadcasting legislation effectively prohibits community broadcasting; and

• that the right to broadcast and broadcast freedom should be entrenched in a Bill of Rights.

     

南非高等教育语言政策管窥

2002年11月,南非教育部出台了《高等教育语言政策》,这是南非高等教育史上的一个里程碑,也是南非高等教育委员会和其他利益集团长期斗争的结果与集体智慧的结晶。它号召全体南非人民,尤其南非高等院校师生确保官方语言都得到同等尊重;提倡高等教育多语制,以促使那些想借助高等教育实现自身潜力的人们具有平等入学和获取成功的机会。但从现状看,南非过去十年的发展已经证明,南非高等教育并没有实现向多语制的方向发展。相反,单语制倾向已日显彰,已经对实施政策构成严重威胁。     

增进了解加强交流--西亚非洲研究所代表团访问南非纪行

应南非“非洲社会高级研究中心”(The Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society,CASAS)和“人文科学研究院”(Human Sciences Research Council,HSRC)的邀请,以贺文萍研究员为团长,李智彪研究员、安春英副研究员、张永蓬副研究员为成员的中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所代表团一行4人,于2005年11月21日~12月2日在南非进行了学术访问和交流。此次活动分为两个阶段,一是参加由“非洲社会高级研究中心”与西亚非洲研究所联合主办的“中非关系:过去、现在与未来”国际学术研讨会;二是赴“人文科学研究院”总部及其两个分部、威茨…     

考验宪政体制的南非第四次民主大选

2009年4月,南非废除种族隔离制度后的第四次大选,是对南非运行15年新宪政体制的考验.由于执政党(非国大)内部权力斗争导致的分裂,及全球性金融危机对南非经济的影响,使这次大选的不确定性因素增多,选民对南非未来政治、经济发展的关注程度上升.大选的过程和结果显示,南非民主宪政制度有稳定的基础.竞选过程中进行的全国范围、多种形式的政策辩论,是对南非发展道路的集体反思和探讨,使南非未来发展的方向更加清晰.祖马新一届政府面临兑现承诺的巨大压力,同时面临反对党更具挑战性的监督和制衡,保持宪政制度正常运行的前景看好.     

The evolution of South Africa's democracy promotion in Africa: from idealism to pragmatism

South Africa is an emerging power with fairly strong democratic institutions that were crafted during the transition from minority to majority rule twenty years ago. How has South Africa used its position and power to promote democracy in Africa? Against the backdrop of debates on democracy promotion by emerging powers, this article probes attempts by successive post-apartheid governments to promote democracy in Africa. We argue that although democracy promotion featured prominently in South Africa's policy towards Africa in the immediate post-apartheid period under Nelson Mandela, the administrations of Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma faltered in advancing democratic norms. This is largely because South Africa has confronted pressures to maximize pragmatic national interests, which have compromised a democratic ethos in a continental environment where these values have yet to find steady footing.