Blogwars,by David D. Perlmutter

Little is known about how elected representatives attempt to manipulate public opinion and news media through their participation on regional open line radio or media straw polls. This article examines the systematic attempts by political actors to engage these media in the small polity of Newfoundland, Canada, where politics is characterized by the hyper-local nature of 590-VOCM radio programming. Our mixed-method study draws from talk radio call-in logs, online straw poll vote results, observation of the production of open line programming, and insights from local media personnel. We draw attention to two clandestine media management techniques. First, we analyze call-ins by elected legislators to talk radio that were timed to coincide with the known field dates of a public opinion polling company. Second, we report that handheld communication devices were used by senior members of the governing party to mobilize legislators and party personnel to repeatedly vote on straw polls on regional media Web sites. Our findings show that there is a substantial and statistically significant increase in the probability that legislators will call talk radio when pollsters are in the field. Furthermore, we document and explore the manner in which political elites mobilize to engage online media straw polls, and discover that straw poll questions which address political topics attract a disproportionately higher number of “votes” than nonpolitical questions. This micro-level study offers perspective for interpreting macro-level knowledge about political talk radio, horse race/game and strategic media frames, and about political elites’ mobilization and media management tactics.     

朝鲜半岛缓和进程中的东北亚地区形势

作为亚太地区的重要组成部分,东北亚历来是远东大国军事与外交战略中的必争之地。基于地缘位置的特殊重要性,从日俄战争到美苏对抗,陆权与海权两大势力一直在此激烈争夺、交替影响。惟其如此,当前朝鲜半岛出现的缓和趋势,不可避免地会触动大国神经、牵扯各方利益,在推动东北亚地区国际关系进入一个历史新阶段的同时,对亚太及世界安全形势也将构成深远影响。一、半岛形势持续走缓,和平竞争大势所趋世纪之交,以朝鲜对外战略的重大调整为契机、受朝韩“自主和解”带动,朝鲜半岛出现了举世瞩目的历史性变化,和平与稳定的构筑进入一个新阶段,沉积…     

森林革蜱与草原革蜱的超微形态学比较

借助光镜和扫描电镜观察了森林革蜱(Dermacentor silvarum)和草原革蜱(D.nuttalli)的形态特征,这两种形态近似的革蜱除了个体大小、盾板珐琅质颜色以外,在须肢第2节齿突形状、口下板齿型、雌蜱孔区、气门板形状、中垛的宽窄、第4对足胫节后的齿突及外距的长短等方面具有明显的差异.     

口蹄疫病毒RNA聚合酶3D基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

以口蹄疫病毒 (Foot and mouthdiseasevirus ,FMDV)RNA聚合酶基因 3D为研究对象 ,对其部分碱基进行定点诱变 ,替换成在毕赤酵母 (Pichiapastoris)中使用频率较高的密码子以优化其表达。改造后的目的片段用NotⅠ和AvrⅡ内切酶双酶切 ,然后与相应内切酶双酶切的穿梭载体pPIC9K相连接 ,构建重组表达载体 pPIC9K/ 3D ,转化大肠埃希氏菌JM 10 9,筛选阳性克隆pPIC9K/ 3D。经测序表明 ,插入位置、突变碱基、片段大小和读码框均正确。重组质粒用SacⅠ内切酶线化 ,电转化毕赤酵母SMD116 8,采用G4 18抗性梯度法筛选 ,获得高拷贝整合重组菌株SMD116 8/ pPIC9K/ 3DHIS MUT ,利用甲醇进行诱导分泌表达 ,经SDS PAGE和Westernblot ting鉴定 ,3D基因在毕赤酵母中表达成功 ,目的蛋白分子质量大小为 5 2ku ,与预期的大小吻合 ,并能够被FMDV阳性血清所识别 ,表达量占总分泌蛋白量的 36 %。     

L-PGDS基因在大鼠睾丸与附睾中的表达

选用 2月龄SD大鼠睾丸与附睾总RNA为模板 ,运用RT PCR和蛋白质印迹技术探讨了Lipocalin型前列腺素D合成酶 (L PGDS)基因在大鼠睾丸与附睾头、附睾体和附睾尾中的表达及其差异。结果表明 ,L PGDS基因在大鼠睾丸中没有表达 ,在附睾中有较强表达 ,附睾头表达量最高 ,附睾体次之 ,附睾尾最低 ,表达量存在差异。提示 ,L PGDS在精子成熟过程中起着一定的作用。     

长角血蜱4D8基因的克隆与原核表达

根据GenBank上登录的蜱4D8基因序列设计引物,用PCR技术从长角血蜱雌蜱研磨组织cDNA中扩增出4D8基因,将其连入pGEM-T Easy载体,构建重组克隆载体pGEM-T-4D8,并对检测为阳性的克隆进行测序。将该基因重组至原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1,经表达纯化后,进行Western-blot试验鉴定其生物学活性。结果,长角血蜱4D8基因的氨基酸序列与青海血蜱、肩突硬蜱的同源性分别为90%、81%。表达的重组蛋白是分子质量约为41ku的融合蛋白。Western-blot试验证明,该重组蛋白能很好地识别兔抗长角血蜱全蜱阳性血清。结果表明,4D8基因作为一种重要的分子标记基因在蜱的流行病学调查方面有着重要的价值,同时作为潜在的候选抗原基因在疫苗的研究方面也有重要意义。     

小亚璃眼蜱4D8基因的克隆与原核表达

根据GenBank上登录的边缘革蜱4D8基因序列设计1对引物,采用PCR技术自半饱血小亚璃眼蜱雌性成蜱唾液腺cDNA表达文库中扩增获得了4D8基因;将其连入pMD18-T载体,构建重组克隆载体pMD18-Hyaa4D8.测序分析表明,克隆的小亚璃眼蜱4D8基因与边缘革蜱4D8基因的核苷酸序列的同源性为89.2%.将此片段定向亚克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1,构建重组原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-Hyaa4D8,表达并纯化重组蛋白,通过免疫印迹试验鉴定该重组蛋白的生物学活性.结果显示,该重组蛋白是分子质量为45ku的融合蛋白,且表达产物能被半饱血小亚璃眼蜱雌性成蜱唾液腺抗原免疫兔血清识别.     

R before D: the case of post conflict reintegration in Tajikistan1

Reintegration was prioritised over demobilisation and disarmament in Tajikistan's peace process. Inadequate disarmament rates were disregarded, but integration of opposition fighters into military and law enforcement units was relatively swift. This created high levels of trust among the former fighters and commanders. The quick provision of incentives, such as comprehensive amnesties and the offer of government positions and economic assets created stakes in the peace process for a number of actors. Transitional justice was largely overlooked. In this way, the case of Tajikistan runs counter to key elements of what has been termed the ‘post-conflict reconstruction orthodoxy’. At the same time, Tajikistan is a rare example of the emergence of post-war stability. This article provides a detailed account of the DDR process and outlines the incentives that it created for the warring parties. It also assesses the emergence of spoilers and the government's counter strategies. The article concludes by highlighting the consolidation of President Rakhmonov's power since 2001, but also raises some questions regarding the viability of Tajikistan's long-term political and economic development.     

印度的科研机构布局及对中国的启示

印度科研机构的体系和布局具有自身的特色与优势,在其社会经济发展过程中发挥了独特的作用,对中国的科研机构的改革也有重要的启示意义。     

China-U.S. Joint Cooperation over D.P.R.K.

On February 12, 2013, North Korea announced it had successfully conducted its third underground nuclear test. After such a dangerous move, the U.S. and South Korea tightened their bilateral security cooperation and beefed up defense measures. This caused tensions to escalate on the Korean Peninsula, and the situation appeared to spin out of control. The crisis pushed China and the U.S. together to work on this issue. This article will analyze those deep-seated factors affecting bilateral cooperation and make an initial exploration of its prospects while providing an overview of their joint actions to solve the North Korean nuclear issue.     

伪狂犬病病毒gG-gD基因片段的扩增及克隆和序列测定

以伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)HB-9304株的基因组为模板,利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)对其gG-gD基因片段进行扩增,获得了预定大小的片段,将这一片段克隆到质粒载体pPK中.对重组质粒pPKGD进行限制性内切酶分析、PCR鉴定和克隆片段的序列测定,证实了克隆片段的可靠性.