Incarceration, Health, and Racial Disparities in Health

This article addresses two basic questions. First, it examines whether incarceration has a lasting impact on health functioning. Second, because blacks are more likely than whites to be exposed to the negative effects of the penal system—including fractured social bonds, reduced labor market prospects, and high levels of infectious disease—it considers whether the penal system contributes to racial health disparities. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and both regression and propensity matching estimators, the article empirically demonstrates a significant relationship between incarceration and later health status. More specifically, incarceration exerts lasting effects on midlife health functioning. In addition, this analysis finds that, due primarily to disproportionate rates of incarceration, the penal system plays a role in perpetuating racial differences in midlife physical health functioning.     

public Health Ethics From Foundations and Frameworks to Justice and Global public Health

Ethics dilemmas have been present throughout the history of public health, and bioethics has devoted considerable attention to issues relevant to public health. Only recently, however, has public health ethics emerged as a recognized subfield of bioethics. Public health ethics requires that public health improvement come through just and respectful means. Bioethics in the future not only will take on more issues of public ethics, but will apply it extensive scholarship in distributive justice to questions of global public health.     

Adverse Childhood Experiences Affect Health Risk Behaviors and Chronic Health of Iowans

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), include childhood abuse and household dysfunction, and are associated with a variety of behavioral risk factors and chronic illnesses in adulthood. This study replicates the original ACEs study (Felitti et al. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00017-8, 1998) with a representative sample of adults in Iowa. Data come from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey of 2012 when ACE assessments were first introduced in Iowa by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012). The majority of adults in Iowa (58%) have experienced at least one ACE, and depending on the type of ACE, co-occurrence of ACEs ranged from 76% to 97%. Health risk behaviors in adulthood, such as drinking, smoking, and obesity were significantly related to the number of ACEs experienced. ACEs were also associated with depression. Chronic health outcomes including heart disease, stroke, and COPD were also significantly predicted by the number of ACEs. This replication study demonstrates that the need for intervention and prevention programs in Iowa are similar to the needs found in other states in the U.S. for addressing the consequences of ACEs.     

Mining Electronic Health Records Data: Domestic Violence and Adverse Health Effects

Intimate partner violence (IPV) often culminates in acute physical injury, sexual assault, and mental health issues. It is crucial to understand the healthcare habits of victims to develop interventions that can drastically improve a victim’s quality of life and prevent future abuse. The objective of this study is to mine de-identified and aggregated Electronic Health Record data to identify women’s health issues that are potentially associated with IPV. In this study we compared health issues of female domestic abuse victims to female non-domestic abuse victims. The Domestic abuse population contained 5870 patients, while the Non-Domestic Abuse population contained 14,315,140 patients. Explorys provides National Big Data from the entire USA. Statistical analysis identified 2429 terms as significantly more prevalent among victims of domestic abuse, compared to the general population. These terms were classified into broad categories, including acute injury, chronic conditions, substance abuse, mental health, disorders, gynecological and pregnancy related problems.     

公共卫生与人权

本文是置人权于中国公共卫生场域中的阐释。起因是2004年后——2004年,人权在中国入宪——当人们试图以人权作为转型中中国公共卫生的基础理念时,却发现从旧体制（计划经济体制）走出来的中国公共卫生很难在实际上接受人权：是同样地保护每一个人,还是保护大多数人;是首先着眼于管理,还是强调国家对每一个人的健康权的积极责任,是在中国,公共卫生必须面对的问题。     

行政指导与公共卫生安全

本文针对近年来我国公共卫生安全的现状进行深入思考,围绕行政指导在维护公共卫生安全,尤其是应对突发性公共卫生事件中所起的作用,以及行政主体在实施行政指导行为的过程中所应遵循的原则展开论述,以求对行政指导在构建我国完善的公共卫生安全体系中所发挥的作用能有所裨益。     

媒介视野中的城市健康素养与健康传播

论及城市健康问题,容易局限于形而下的医疗和卫生方面,而更为深入且核心的问题,则存在于精神文化层面。全社会的精神文明表现、文化沉疴等,正是我们在经历了“三聚氰胺奶粉”事件等沉痛教训后反复提及,却未加以重视开展的重要层面。