Screening by Healthcare Staff for Domestic Violence Against Women in Israel - Ethical and Legal Aspects

This paper describes the ethical and legal aspects involved in healthcare Staff screening women for domestic violence in Israel. The primary aim of this article is to present the legal and ethical aspects of domestic violence in general, and of screening for violence, in particular. This article describes tools that play a crucial role in helping care for women who have been subjected to domestic violence, with an emphasis on the ethical dilemma stemming from the conflict between upholding moral conduct and individual autonomy versus ensuring the safety of patients who have been subjected to domestic violence and the need to provide high quality professional care.     

Cherry-Picking Records in Independent Medical Examinations: Strategies for Intervention to Mitigate a Legal and Ethical Imbroglio

Independent medical examinations (IMEs) theoretically construe a means of “independently” assessing a claimant’s physical and psychological status, as well as to determine whether treatment that has been and will potentially be provided is reasonable and necessary. IMEs may be undertaken both for the plaintiff and defense or related adversaries. In the present case, we focus on IMEs that are requested by insurers. One can query the degree to which IMEs are actually “independent.” It has been posited that one of the ways in which claims managers contribute to potential bias against claimants is through a process of selectively providing examiners with medical records, which has been described as “cherry-picking.” Despite the existence of rules and laws that are designed to prevent cherry-picking, the practice still occurs. This analysis discusses the legal as well as ethical implications of cherry-picking and its potential to cause or exacerbate psychological injury that a claimant may experience. The authors propose that psychologists as well as attorneys can advocate for their vulnerable patients/clients in cases of cherry-picking. A recent case study from the clinical practice of the first author in which he so acted is provided. We conclude with a discussion of the ethical implications of the psychologist’s intervention.     

对基因技术发展的伦理与法律思考

基因技术的迅猛发展,相应地引发了一系列社会问题,对现有的伦理和法律都产生了极大,中击。从生命伦理学和法理学的角度,论述基因技术所引发的基因歧视、基因资源保护、基因制药与基因治疗等若干问题,提出要通过进一步加快我国的生物科技立法,依法合理规制基因技术的发展。     

法定权利的伦理学分析

权利的正当性首先和主要是一种合乎道德的正当性 ,能够从伦理上加以分析。在现代社会中 ,法定权利是主要的权利存在形式 ,通过对法定权利存在的原因、法定权利的内容、法定权利的作用等进行一种伦理分析 ,可以发现法定权利 ,进而可以说权利存在道德价值和伦理基础并且可以从伦理学的角度加以论证。     

太空旅游若干法律问题研究

太空旅游在法律上有诸多问题需要解决。一是有关太空旅游的定义，不能仅从空间高度考虑；二是太空旅游不是简单的私人行为，还可能导致国家责任；三是对第三人的赔偿责任，应适用何种法律；四是在太空旅游的组织者、承运人及游客之间，如何体现利益平衡，又要体现太空旅游的特殊性。这些问题的解决将有助于太空旅游事业的发展。