学术性的政策研究：路径与方法

学术研究和政策研究并非是对立或者不同的两个领域。高水平的政策研究不仅是学术研究的一部分，更是理论研究发展所不可缺少的经验来源和动力。目前，中国的区域研究和问题研究十分薄弱，而且，中国还面临着诸如如何处理与世界的关系、在国际利益不断扩大的情况下如何作出有效的战略应对等现实问题，这都需要国际关系学术界加强和发展高水平、学术性的政策研究。     

确认国际问题政策研究的学术性

国际问题的政策研究是一种学术研究，与理论研究、政府决策构成一个相互影响的链条。中美两国在三者关系上存在着不同问题。中国国际问题研究需要有问题意识的理论研究和经过理论及方法训练的政策研究。提高政策研究的质量需要进一步强调学术独立性、研究方法、学科专业化，以及政、商、学、媒之间的互动。     

国际战略研究中的政策导向

2007年10月10日,北京大学国际战略研究中心以"中国的国际战略研究:范式的反思与构建"为题举办了一次研讨会,来自国内研究机构和高等院校国际战略研究界的许多知名学者,就国际战略的概念、范畴、研究路径,以及中国国际战略研究所取得的成绩和存在的问题等展开了深入的讨论和交流,并就中国未来的国际战略研究提出了一系列建设性的意见。这一主题讨论即集中反映了这次研讨会相互交流和碰撞的思想成果。个别作者虽未参加研讨会,但其文章切近这一主题,因而一并收入其中。今后本刊将继续关注并刊载这方面的优秀成果,以期推进国内方兴未艾的国际战略研究。     

各国住房保障政策研究与比较

住房保障政策已经成为各国公共政策与社会保障体系的重要组成部分。目前,世界各国政府都致力于本国住房保障问题。本文主要对各国住房保障政策进行了研究和比较。     

美国拜登政府中东政策调整的动因、特征与前景

为开展大国战略竞争以及应对俄乌冲突对地缘政治和国际能源格局的影响,拜登总统执政一年半之后开启中东之行,并对中东政策进行调整。拜登政府新中东政策强调伙伴、地区融合、冲突降级和民主人权,并将大国战略竞争置于中心位置,意图“阻止中俄在中东填补权力真空”,重塑美国在中东的形象。拜登政府新中东政策虽带有先天不足,受到自身精力不够、地区国家加强战略自主等因素制约,但其重构区域安全体系相关动向值得关注。     

中国国家安全战略60年：理论、历史与现实

2009年8月27日,北京大学国际关系学院和《国际政治研究》编辑部联合主办了题为＂中国国家安全战略60年：理论、历史与现实＂的研讨会。参加研讨会的专家学者来自一些大学、社科院、解放军的学术研究单位和政府政策研究机构,主办这次研讨会的目的,一是为了庆祝建国60周年,通过学术研讨会的形式表达主办单位和参加会议者对祖国60岁生日的庆贺;二是搭建一个平台,从理论、历史和政策分析等三个最基本的角度,讨论60年来中国国家安全战略的特点和演变,以及中国国家安全所涉及的一些领域和问题。     

中国的国际战略研究：范式的反思与构建——关于构筑中国国际战略的几点看法

2007年10月10日，北京大学国际战略研究中心以“中国的国际战略研究：范式的反思与构建”为题举办了一次研讨会，来自国内研究机构和高等院校国际战略研究界的许多知名学者，就国际战略的概念、范畴、研究路径，以及中国国际战略研究所取得的成绩和存在的问题等展开了深入的讨论和交流，并就中国未来的国际战略研究提出了一系列建设性的意见。这一主题讨论即集中反映了这次研讨会相互交流和碰撞的思想成果。个别作者虽未参加研讨会，但其文章切近这一主题，因而一并收入其中。今后本刊将继续关注并刊载这方面的优秀成果，以期推进国内方兴未艾的国际战略研究。     

美国的中东政策:延续与变化

中东战略是美国全球战略的组成部分。以2017年以来美国在中东实际采取的行动为视角,可以看出美国战略收缩的态势未变,轻足迹的战略路径未变,真正变化的是特朗普政府的行事风格。特朗普鲁莽的政策风格必然会恶化中东地区形势,使矛盾更加复杂,解决起来更加困难。     

新经济政策若干问题的研究评述

学术界对列宁新经济政策的产生和实质、停止退却的含义等问题进行了深入的研究.这些成果对理解和推进建设有中国特色社会主义的事业有重要意义.     

Decomposing the Labour Productivity Gap between Migrant-Owned and Native-Owned Firms in Sub-Saharan Africa

Migration studies have been primarily based on the movement of individuals from developing to developed economies, with a focus on the impact of migrants on host country wages. In this study we take a different angle by exploring the labour productivity of migrant-owned firms versus native-owned firms in 20 African economies using firm-level data. We find that labour productivity is 78 per cent higher in migrant-owned firms than native-owned firms. Using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method we find that structural effects account for 80 per cent of the labour productivity gap. Returns to manager education largely explain the productivity advantage of migrant-owned firms over native-owned firms. Interactions with the government, access to finance, informality, and power outages are also considerable contributors to the labour productivity gap.     

Unpacking the Global Perspective: Examining NISPAcee Region-Focused Public Administration Research in American Scholarly Journals

Comparative and international public administration research in the United States (US) has enjoyed moments of both prestige and inattention over the last several decades, variation that is important in that it reflects the efforts of a scholarly field to contribute to improved individual and organizational performance. These contributions are, in and of themselves, worthy of attention and critical reflection. This article examines public administration research focused on the Network of Institutes and Schools of Public Administration in Central and Eastern Europe region published in US-based academic journals from 1997 to 2012, discussing trends that have characterized empirical and conceptual research during that period. The article concludes with comments on collaboration in public administration research.     

Beyond the Policy-Implementation Gap: How the City of Johannesburg Manufactured the Ungovernability of Street Trading

Abstract

Contemporary cities are said to have become ‘ungovernable’, especially in the Global South. They are certainly more difficult to govern due to the complexification of states’ apparatus (under the double dynamics of neoliberalisation and decentralisation), cities’ larger size, massive poverty, and informality. Yet, the ungovernability thesis arguably stems from a theoretical shift, from local government to urban governance, that has rendered the questions of steering, political choices, and accountability almost impossible to conceptualise. Unpacking the policy instruments used to govern street trading in Johannesburg, the paper shows that its so-called ‘ungovernability’ was largely manufactured by municipal choices.     

何时填平世界贫富"鸿沟"

在经济全球化进程中,各国日益变得互为依存,利害与共。然而,巨大的贫富差距却使世界显得很不和谐。虽然国际社会多年来为了缩小贫富“鸿沟”付出了许多努力,但总的说来收效甚微,众多不发达国家因为旧的国际经济秩序而被进一步“边缘化”,在痛苦的深渊中挣扎。缩小贫富差距决非一日之功,需要多方面做出艰苦的努力,建立国际经济新秩序是其中的关键环节。 贫富差距触目惊心 联合国2001年5月在布鲁塞尔举行了第三世界最不发达国家会议,与会国家共有49个,其中非洲34个,亚洲9个,太平     

The Imbalance between Public Expectations and Resource Provision in Developing Countries: Can Inter-Assemblies Cooperation Reduce the Gap?

ABSTRACT

Local authorities have long sought for solutions to the numerous service delivery challenges arising out of increasing demands from the general public coupled with budgetary constraints. One such solution is inter-organisational cooperation which has been found as an alternative cost-effective way of providing services to the general public. Drawing on resource-dependency theory, this paper explores the possibilities and challenges of cooperation among Assemblies in Ghana by adopting a qualitative approach. The findings reveal that inter-district cooperation is still at its development stages in Ghana despite the respondents’ recognition that it has the potential to address most of the problems faced by District Assemblies in Ghana.     

Exploring the E-Government Gap in South America

Abstract

The transition to an information society requires the implementation of effective actions by the different actors of the new society and economy. The private sector has already started to get involved. It is now public administration’s turn, and, although far behind the business world, it has been provided with an important tool: the electronic government model.

Although several projects have been carried out all over the globe, the development of such initiatives is very much unequal, depending on not only the region of the world but also varying from country to country within each region. Thus, while countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Sweden, Singapore, Australia, and Canada are the leaders when it comes to implementing electronic government programs, the same cannot be said about most Latin American nations.

It is the intention of this article to address this unequal situation, which will be called the e-government divide, emphasizing the global and the regional e-government gaps.