超生反应阶段骨骼肌机械性损伤的形态学研究

对20例1．25～8．30hpm具有超生反应能力的尸检骨骼肌和17例10～24hpm和48～60hpm不具超生反应能力的尸检骨骼肌进行机械性损伤刺激的形态学系列对比研究。结果表明，经机械打击刺激后，具超生兴奋性的肌肉，受打击部位的肌纤维出现类似典型生前伤征象的形态学改变，而不具超生兴奋性的肌纤维仅出现被动的肌纤维断裂等非活性肌纤维改变。通过对超生形态学反应的形成机理进行探讨，为进一步研究超生形态学的作用提示了前景。     

PARTICIPANTS’ EVALUATIONS OF ASPECTS OF THE LEGAL CHILD CUSTODY PROCESS AND PREFERENCES FOR COURT SERVICES

Domestic relations courts continue to experience large caseloads. As the volume of cases in which families are in crisis continues to grow, policy makers, practitioners, judges, and attorneys struggle to meet the growing demand and seek more effective ways to address the needs and issues of those who are engaged in child custody processes. The present study provides an examination of parent attitudes concerning various aspects of the legal process and preferences concerning a variety of court‐based family services and interventions.     

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SELECTED ASPECTS OF THE LATEST PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW LEGISLATION ACROSS THE TAIWAN STRAITS

The statute of private international law of Chinese mainland and Taiwan nearly updated at the same time. It is probably beneficial for the scholars across the Taiwan Straits to learn from each other’s experiences. This article compares the similarities and differences on selected aspects between these two statutes, including the historical development of the legislation on private international law of Chinese mainland and Taiwan, amendments on the terms of nationality and habitual residence in the new statues, differences in the lex personalis, the application of the most significant relationship doctrine and characteristic performance approach, recast of the intellectual property rights terms, new categorization of contract and the protection of weak party, the dilemma of judicial discretion or private autonomy on the applicable law of tort, etc. Additionally, this article makes suggestions to improve the legislation and promote the civil and commercial communications between Taiwan and Chinese mainland.     

兔不同时间切创中肌细胞核DNA的定量测定

为了使损伤时间推断手段更加精确化,为损伤时间推断提供新的方法,我们利用显微分光光度计测定兔皮肤切创创口内肌细胞核DNA 含量,结果发现:正常肌细胞核DNA 含量为18. 420Au,而损伤后创外周区内肌细胞核的DNA 含量立即迅速下降。伤后1h 为17. 274Au;伤后3h 为8. 672Au,达最低水平,随着损伤及经过时间的延长,DNA 含量又逐渐回升,伤后6、8、12,24h 的含量分别为12. 563、13. 608、14. 743,16. 448Au。上述结果说明,损伤区域内肌细胞核内DNA 的含量与损伤时间有明显关系,DNA定量分析可作为损伤时间推断的一个重要根据。     

FURTHERING THE INTEGRATION OF ROUTINE ACTIVITY AND SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION THEORIES: SMALL UNITS OF ANALYSIS AND THE STUDY OF STREET ROBBERY AS A DIFFUSION PROCESS

Attempts to integrate the two predominant spatial theories of crime, social disorganization and routine activity theories, may benefit from examining empirical relationships at units of analysis smaller than the relatively large units characteristic of most ecological research (cities, SMSAs, census tracts, multiple city blocks). Small units of analysis, specifically, face blocks (both sides of a city block between two intersections) are analyzed in a study of street robbery within a medium-size southeastern U.S. city. Models of street robbery and street-robbery "potential" suggest a crime diffusion process. Several interaction effects between variables of social disorganization and routine activity theory are found, which may form the basis in future research for successful theoretical integration.     

THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF DIVORCE

This article objectively reviews the effects of divorce on the financial well-being of families. Women and children suffer disparities in income, but the differences are not as great as publicized in other studies and diminish with remarriage. The absence of marriage, not the presence of divorce, is the major cause of poverty for women.     

ON THE CAUSES OF "WHITE-COLLAR" CRIME: AN ASSESSMENT OF HIRSCHI AND GOTTFREDSON'S CLAIMS

This article assesses Hirschi and Gottfredson claims about patterns and explanations of White-collar crime. It points out several flaws in their analysis and shows (1) that the UCR offense categories of fraud and forgery are not appropriate indicators of white-collar or occupational crime because the typical arrestee in these categories committed a nonoccupational crime; (2) that the demographic distribution (age, sex, race) of these "white-collar" crimes is not the same as it is for most ordinary crimes; and (3) that the occurrence of these "white-collar" crimes is not relatively rare. The implications of the findings for research and theory on crime are also discussed.     

INVESTIGATING THE NORMATIVE ASPECTS OF PUBLIC POLICY

This article challenges the idea that political philosophy must be of peripheral concern in the study of public policy through an exploration of the concept of harm and the debate over aggressive police patrol. This exploration begins with a brief discussion of the ways the concept of harm figures in the justification and administration of police work. It proceeds through an exposition of differing ways the concept of harm can be defined, the normative overtones of these varying definitions, and some of their policy ramifications with regard to police work. Finally, the way conceptual variation figures in policy debate is explored in the context of the debate over aggressive police patrol—the policy of maximizing the surveillance and criminal interception aspects of police activity as a patrol strategy.