Build your nation in 5′25″: social constructions of Italy in official and user-generated videos on YouTube

This article focuses on the differences between the official video clip of a song dedicated to the nation and the remakes uploaded on social media by anonymous users. It argues that social media act as the semiosphere boundary, on which, for Lotman [2005. “On the Semiosphere.” Sign Systems Studies 33 (1): 205–229] central dominant texts and peripheral structures meet to generate new meaning. The work draws on Lotman's semiosphere, on nation-building, and on the bottom-up construction of reality of social media. Methodologically, semiotic analysis is applied to the images of all the videos. Results show that the peripheral elements theorised by Lotman adapt to and renew the language of the centre. In fact, they adopt the same structure of the official video but expand, revitalise and deconstruct the sedimented versions of Italy that it offers. As in Lotman, the periphery challenges the dominant hierarchy. Finally, all the videos agree on relegating the woman to a secondary role.     

基于网络游戏的虚拟金融研究

虚拟经济体作为一种类人经济形态,越来越多的吸引了学者的关注。虚拟经济体的主要价值除了其本身娱乐价值外就是表现在二级市场上的虚拟物品总值,而虚拟货币是虚拟世界的通货,因此研究虚拟货币对于研究虚拟经济体具有重要意义。虚拟货币因为供需在二级市场上产生价值,本文从前瞻性的角度对虚拟货币和虚拟金融进行研究,并由此衍生出虚拟金融业务。     

图书馆建立虚拟实验室的思考

建设虚拟实验室是高等院校一种全新的教学尝试,对于提高老师和学生的学习科研水平具有重要意义。从虚拟实验室的内涵、建设虚拟实验室的意义、建设规划和技术要求等四个方面加以论述,比较系统地阐述了如何在网络信息资源十分丰富的图书馆建设虚拟实验室的构想。     

Performance Appraisal and Its Use for Individual and Organisational Improvement in the Civil Service of Ghana: The Case of Much Ado about Nothing?

Recent efforts to modernise public sector institutions have led to the adoption of performance management systems worldwide. The belief in performance management is that information generated can be used to help individuals improve themselves in terms of what they do in their organisations, which will subsequently impact positively on the organisation. An instrument for collecting performance information (PI) is performance appraisal (PA). Since the early 1990s, the Ghanaian government has attempted to develop a systematic appraisal system as a strategy to obtain PI in the civil service (CS). In spite of this, the CS continues to perform below expectations despite individuals getting promoted every year. What has been the effect of PA in the CS? How has the collected information been utilised to improve performance? What are the main barriers to the use of PI, and what practices can be put in place that might encourage the effective collection of PI and its use in the CS? We argue that the PA system is much ado about nothing. In analysing why this is so, we will look at the impediments that continue to affect the collection and usage of PI and to suggest ways that will help improve the system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

虚拟企业模式及对我国企业发展的启示

本文在对虚拟企业概念、类型、特点和优势分析的基础上,研究了虚拟企业模式对我国企业发展的启示,同时提出了发展我国虚拟企业的一些建议和思路.     

地方性法规英译的若干问题和解决——以黑龙江省为例

将相关地方性法规规章翻译成WTO的通知语言是中国履行加入WTO承诺的内容之一。在地方性法规规章的英译过程中,存在着技术性和管理性两方面的问题。地方性法规规章译本在法规规章名称、专有名词和法律术语的英文译法方面形成了初步的统一,在语篇安排和译文风格上则较多地体现了中国法律法规原文的特征。中央和地方政府法制部门应加强翻译力量的组织、培训和协调,解决翻译文本的统一性问题,保证译文质量,维护国家法律权威。     

语篇视角下的英语专业听力教学策略研究

通过分析认知心理学家Anderson提出的感知、解析和运用三步骤结合的听力理解过程,结合实际听力教学经验,总结了现有听力教学模式所忽略的问题。同时联系所教学生的实际听力水平及所作的调查分析,从语篇认知视角对听力教学策略进行了探讨,为英语专业听力的教与学提供建议。     

走出苏联模式之后的中国道路——"中国模式"的文本学建构

构建中国模式需要我们切实走出苏联模式,其中,在国家问题、所有制问题和按劳分配问题上的变革是三大关键。本文从马克思主义文本学的角度对这三大问题做了回答,在某种程度上揭示了中国模式得以建立的理想模型或者说可能性条件。     

How Do Performance Gaps Affect Improvement in Organizational Performance? Exploring the Mediating Roles of Proactive Activities

Abstract

According to the extensive literature on performance gaps, the various reference points of the problem identification process affect the managerial decisions of public managers. In this article, we propose a theory about the public management decision-making processes based on the roles of proactive behaviors, specifically regarding how identifying such problems (performance gaps) leads to performance improvement. Using panel data from Korea covering 2005–2014, this analysis provides support for our assertion that not all reference points are equally important to public managers’ proactive responses; however, we find evidence supporting the importance of perceiving the external reference point of problem identification as a significant precedent for successful organizational performance. Our results also indicate that practitioners need to become involved in greater feedback processes when searching for proactive solutions that remedy poor organizational performance. This suggests that the creation of diverse and sophisticated performance feedback systems can strengthen public managers’ abilities to find solutions for organizations. Ultimately, the findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between performance gaps and performance improvement by examining the role of public managers’ proactive behaviors.     

走入文本 走出文本——我对“与文本对话”的理解

《语文课程标准》指出:"阅读教学是学生、教师、文本之间对话的过程"。这要求老师在教学时要改变自己的角色,要从以前追求的"正式性、权力性、官僚性、僵化性等传统价值观念"中走出来,自觉形成"非正式性、平等性、灵活性、适应性、创造性"的价值观念。激发学生的求知欲望,为完成"文本对话"给学生创设良好的情境,使学生在宽松、具有亲和力的氛围中走入文本,再走出文本,从而获取完全属于自己的知识。     

Closing the Rhetoric‐Reality Gap? Employees' Perspective of Performance Management in the Australian Public Service

Performance management has been hailed by its proponents as an essential tool to enhance public service performance. Yet, its actual capacity to improve public service performance continues to be questioned by many academics. This research on a small group of Australian Public Service employees examines their perceptions on the efficacy of the performance management system in their agencies. The study respondents did not believe that their work behaviours had significantly changed in response to performance management. Obstacles to high performance include perceptions of a poorly designed performance measurement system, an inadequate level and mix of rewards offered, and inconsistencies in the implementation process.     

政府公共危机处置的阶段划分与管理对策

公共危机管理是现代政府亟待加强的重要职能之一,为了提高政府公共危机的管理能力,应当科学认识政府危机管理的全过程,正确处置危机管理程序.政府危机管理依据工作重点的不同可分为储备、预警、控制和恢复4大阶段,针对政府危机处置的程序,可以从10个方面加强管理.     

Why do Historians Ignore Digital Analysis? Bring on the Luddites

This article argues that historians have failed to grasp the profound opportunities afforded by computational analysis. Despite the abundance of machine-readable data liberated by digitisation—alongside tools and exemplar studies—there has been no widespread embrace of text mining or revival of cliometrics. This ambivalence has arisen mainly through apathy and side-lining of computational analysis to a specialist methodological niche. The absence of justification is damaging to the intellectual vitality of the discipline and its capacity to face the dawning age of data science. The article calls for an urgent debate about the historian and the computer. More than anything else, this requires sceptics to come forward to meet the advocates to discuss how we face the future. British political history has a proud tradition of methodological innovation and there is no better subfield in which to begin a debate that has fundamental implications for the whole discipline.     

马克思主义哲学研究对象的解释学探讨

马克思主义哲学研完对象就是马克思主义哲学文本著作,对它既要作认识论研究,又要作解释学研究,解释学研究包括两个方面:其一,研究马克思主义哲学文本的"量"和"质",量是指马克思主义哲学文本的范围,质是指此范围内的文本是绝对具有还是相对具有"马克思主义哲学"性质,马克思主义哲学教科书、恩格斯等经典作家的著作、马克思本人的全部著作不能绝对地、确定无疑地认定为马克思主义哲学著作.其二,研究马克思主义哲学文本的本质--意义,这个意义是体现在文本中的马克思的哲学思想,它是马克思赋予的,而非读者赋予的,它是固定不变的,并可以被认识.     

Legislating or rubber-stamping? Assessing parliament's influence on law-making with text reuse

Law-making is a core function of parliaments in democratic systems. Yet, we still know little about the extent to which parliaments influence legislation and the reasons why MPs modify some bills more than others. We analyse the degree of bill amendments operated by parliament, by comparing bills before and after parliamentary deliberations with a text reuse approach. We postulate that MPs attempt to overcome the problem of limited processing capacity by prioritising certain bills over others. To this end, they use considerations related to institutional rules, attention dynamics and partisan politics. Empirically, we apply zero-inflated beta regressions on a dataset covering about 1,700 bills adopted from 1995 to 2015 in the Swiss Parliament. Moreover, we address the problem of observational equivalence affecting analyses of parliament's impact on law-making, by taking into account the government's anticipation strategy. Results highlight a reasonably high amendment activity, but with strong variations across bills. MPs change bills more if they are subject to direct democracy, rank high on the parliamentary agenda or if they attract media attention. The influence of the electoral cycle and coalition politics is not confirmed.     

养老产业政策体系及其协调性--基于政策文本的量化分析

发展养老产业是应对未来深度老龄化的重要国家战略。聚焦养老产业政策体系,构建其协调性分析框架,选取调查2006—2018年中央、陕西省及安康市的资料,分析国家、省、市三级层面现行养老产业政策文本,应用MAXQDA软件对其进行编码,采用文本内容分析、共词分析、社会网络分析与聚类分析方法,对养老产业政策层级、政策发展历程、政策主体、政策效力、政策专项性、政策内容等进行双维协调性定量分析。研究发现:养老产业政策体系内部不同层级之间政策联系紧密,涉及的政策各要素较为完备,但仍然存在纵向、横向维度中的不协调因素。应通过丰富养老产业政策类型与内容、优化体系结构、加强相关部门合作等有效措施,进一步提升养老产业政策体系的协调性,为推动养老产业的健康可持续发展奠定制度基础。     

社会主义初级阶段的历史定位

资本主义生产力的发展、生产社会化的扩大要求社会主义 ,资本主义生产力发展受到阻碍、生产社会化不能进展也要求社会主义。社会主义初级阶段是落后国家发展社会生产力的必然要求。社会主义初级阶段的理论和实践进一步丰富了马克思主义的历史发展图式