Variation in the growth and incidence of medical malpractice claims

This study analyzes the incidence of medical malpractice claims since 1976, using data drawn from the 1982 core survey of the American Medical Association's Socioeconomic Monitoring System. The data show that, on average, physicians incurred twice as many claims per year in the years 1976 to 1981 as they did during their careers prior to that period. Using Tobit analysis, we find the annual frequency of claims to be greater among surgeons, obstetricians and gynecologists (OBGs), physicians in group practice, and physicians in states which apply the legal doctrine of informed consent. In addition, we find that the number of years since medical residency is positively related to physicians' claims incidence during the first 27 years of practice, and that OBGs and medical specialists who spend more time with their patients per office visit incur fewer claims.     

The effects of tort reform on medical malpractice insurance markets: an empirical analysis.

I use statewide loss ratio data to assess empirically the manner in which tort reforms have affected relative prices and profitability, and underwriting risk in the medical malpractice insurance industry. The empirical evidence suggests that the imposition of statutory ceilings on recoveries both decreased risk and improved relative profitability. Reforms that codified the required standard of care appeared to have a beneficial effect on relative profitability in certain cases.     

侵权法视域下医疗过失认定标准的完善-兼论循证医学在医疗过失认定中的地位

医疗侵权诉讼中医疗过失的认定始终是一个热门而且沉重的话题。我国《侵权责任法》在医疗过失认定中坚守了“过错责任原则”,但由于规定较模糊和缺乏阐释,法官对依照何种标准认定医疗过失陷入了困境。有鉴于此,本文在科学界定医疗过失概念的基础上,考察了域外法医疗过失认定的抽象标准和具体标准,阐述了域外法理论和实务中循证医学在医疗过失中的优势和地位,最后结合我国现行的医疗过失认定标准的规定,从医疗过失认定抽象标准的完善、注意义务类型化和文本化、确立循证医学的证据地位、注意医疗过失认定标准和现有法律制度的衔接四个方面提出了建议和对策,以期为实务中医疗侵权诉讼的合理解决提供理论上的依据。     

医疗侵权损害赔偿的限制规则

因医疗侵权行为引起的损害赔偿问题,司法解释采取了以是否构成医疗事故为依据适用不同法律法规的制度,引起较大争议。作为一种侵权行为,医疗侵权造成患者损害的,应以全部赔偿为原则,辅之以过失相抵规则和衡平原则。对患者因医疗行为带来的损害,医疗机构原则上应全部予以赔偿;由于患者本身的原因与医疗过错共同作用造成损失的发生和扩大的,应适用过失相抵规则,适当减轻甚至免除医疗机构的赔偿责任;在精神损害赔偿方面,还应当考虑医疗机构的过错程度和偿付能力等因素,适用衡平原则。     

医疗侵权的归责原则探析

国外有关医疗等服务业的立法,除对高度危险作业如航空业采用无过失原则外,对其它服务业很少有采用.在英、美等国判例中,分专门职业人员之服务性的医疗行为责任和商业上的交易性医疗行为责任,在这两种医疗行为中又分单纯的医疗行为责任和混合医疗行为责任,而采取不同的态度.对医师的责任应以过错责任为原则.对混合医疗中,因药品或医疗器械的原因造成的损害,医师应承担替代责任.对医师无过失患者造成的损害,可借鉴相关国家的制度,建立无过失补偿制度.     

医疗侵权的归责原则探析

国外有关医疗等服务业的立法,除对高度危险作业如航空业采用无过失原则外,对其它服务业很少有采用。在英、美等国判例中,分专门职业人员之服务性的医疗行为责任和商业上的交易性医疗行为责任,在这两种医疗行为中又分单纯的医疗行为责任和混合医疗行为责任,而采取不同的态度。对医师的责任应以过错责任为原则。对混合医疗中,因药品或医疗器械的原因造成的损害,医师应承担替代责任。对医师无过失患者造成的损害,可借鉴相关国家的制度,建立无过失补偿制度。     

Controlling large malpractice claims: the unexpected impact of damage caps.

Indiana's comprehensive malpractice reforms, inaugurated in 1975, include a cap on damages, a mandated medical review before trial, and a state insurance fund to pay claims equal to or greater than $100,000. We have found that the amount of compensation going to claimants with such large malpractice claims in Indiana is, on average, substantially higher than in Michigan and Ohio. Indiana's mean claim severity between 1977 and 1988 was $404,832, while the means for Michigan and Ohio were $290,022 and $303,220, respectively, with the difference between these three means being highly significant. Although data on claim and claimant characteristics reveal considerable interstate variation, the results of regression analyses show that Indiana claim payment amounts are higher than Michigan or Ohio payments, independent of the effect of factors such as sex, age, severity of injury, allegations of negligence, and year of settlement.     

论医疗技术规范在认定医疗过失中的作用

医疗过失是医疗事故和医疗侵权认定的重要要件,这可以从分析《医疗事故处理条例》中的相关内容得出结论。《医疗事故处理条例》第2条规定:本条例所称医疗事故,是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中,违反医疗卫生管理法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗护理规范、常规,过失造成患者人身损害的事故。     

论医疗技术规范在认定医疗过失中的作用

一、医疗过失与医疗技术规范 （一）医疗过失 医疗过失是医疗事故和医疗侵权认定的重要要件,这可以从分析《医疗事故处理条例》中的相关内容得出结论.《医疗事故处理条例》第2条规定：本条例所称医疗事故,是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中,违反医疗卫生管理法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗护理规范、常规,过失造成患者人身损害的事故.