《婚姻法》中的社会变迁

婚姻立法是对一个社会的家庭、婚姻状况现实的描述及理想表达,本文通过建国后几部婚姻法的变化,把婚姻和家庭制度放回到社会、政治和文化背景中,把握半个多世纪以来我国婚姻家庭关系变化的特点,理解国家对家庭这一社会设置的治理路径：从全面介入到有限度退出。     

社会变迁中的法治

社会由社会观念、社会制度和社会结构三者构成,三者互动导致社会变迁。此模型解释了三种社会变迁的模式以及相应的合法性。法律制度化是解释社会变迁与法律转型关系的关键。中国在迈向现代化的过程中,法律转型应朝着法治方向发展。     

Practice and Privilege: Social Change and the Structure of Large Law Firms

Despite dramatic changes in size and specialization, large law firms have remained remarkably unchanged in other respects. Introducing research on major Chicago law firms, this article examines how large law firms have changed so much by changing so little. It proposes a theory of law firm growth emphasizing the relationship between changes in the market for sophisticated legal services and changes in the approach law firms have taken to organizing their practices. The author discusses the organizational structure of large law firms, giving particular attention to the various roles that lawyers play in such firms. After speculating on trends affecting large law firms, he points to implications of these trends for law and social change.     

刑事案件中精神损害的定位与救济

根据我国现有刑法、刑事诉讼法及相关司法解释,精神损害赔偿是刑事案件中的禁区,这既不利于保障受害人的人格利益,也不符合法制统一的要求。本文从精神损害赔偿的价值内涵角度,探讨了我国刑事案件中精神损害赔偿的定位,提出了构建我国刑事案件精神损害救济的基本制度,这对于完善我国精神损害赔偿的刑事立法,加强对公民民事权利的保障具有积极意义。     

行政救济法上的亲属概念

在《行政诉讼法》、《行政复议法》和《国家赔偿法》中,关于权利人死亡时作为权利资格继受体的亲属范围的规定不尽一致,立法上的混乱造成了三大救济方式在权利人主体资格上的不衔接。为弥补这一缺陷,更好地保护有关当事人的权益,应当采扶养的广义概念使扶养、抚养和赡养三个概念显示出通用性和一致性,使《行政复议法》上亲属概念的界定与《行政诉讼法》保持一致,扩大行政赔偿请求人的范围。     

法律不确定性引出的冲突与补救

法律具有不确定性,决定了法律只能形而上地追求形式正义①,而法律的终极目标是实现实质正义。从形式正义到实质正义的实现有待于法官自由裁量权的介入,完成静态规则到动态事实的转变。中国的具体国情和法官素质决定了我国尚不能大量运用法官自由裁量权。因此,我国现阶段应主要借助于法律涵量较小的司法解释作为法官裁判的依据,以实现法律的实质正义目标。     

Psychological Injury: Systems, Change Processes, Development

This paper presents a model of chronic pain [Young and Chapman (Pain, affect, nonlinear dynamical systems, and chronic pain: Bringing order to disorder. In G. Young, A. W. Kane, & K. Nicholson (Eds.), Causality of psychological injury: Presenting evidence in court (pp. 197–241). New York: Springer, 2007)]. It includes extensive coverage of the systems perspective. The paper expands the model to medically unexplained symptoms and provides a developmental model of how these may unfold and influence adult presentation after events such as accidents. Similarly, the model is examined for the developmental roots of personality disorder. The paper examines other threats to validity of diagnosis in cases of psychological injury.     

对加害给付概念与救济的再思考

加害给付是合同一方当事人侵害对方当事人固有利益的违约行为,构成违约责任与侵权责任竞合,受损害方有权在二者中选择其一保护其利益。这是我国关于加害给付的主导观点,其影响了我国合同法第122条。然而,这种观点是否得当颇值商榷。加害给付应为债务人有责违反合同义务,给债权人造成履行利益以外的人身、财产利益损害并不排除可能同时侵害债权人履行利益的行为;对于加害给付的救济并非只能依据合同法第122条规定的责任竞合来处理,而应根据加害给付侵害的利益区别对待。     

非财产性损害的契约性救济及其正当性——违约责任与侵权责任的二元制体系下的边际案例救济

一、对问题的说明 契约的全部意义在于履行,因为它不仅是当事人满足自己需要的重要手段,也是社会分工带来的协作之必要途径.而违约除了破坏这种个人的期待与社会的整体和谐外,还可能导致包括精神损害在内的非财产性损失,那么对于这种损害是否给予救济以及给予什么样的救济,在生活逻辑中似乎没有什么疑义,但在法律逻辑世界中,就成为一个很大的问题.     

土地法、动产法到信息法的社会历史变迁

人类社会的发展已经由农业社会、工业社会进入到信息社会。早期的人类在狩猎经济的方式下生存,没有私有财产,也没有所有权。农业社会的基础经济资源是土地,与之相适应,土地法成为最早的经济资源配置法则。工业社会的基础经济资源是机器,于是动产法取代了土地法的核心地位。信息是信息社会最重要的经济资源,信息法必将成为一个独立而完善的法律部门。     

Parenthood,Childhood and Injury: Some Dilemmas for the Law of Torts

This paper looks at some recent developments in the law of torts. It looks in particular at the emergence of civil claims with respect to child abuse and the confinements effected by traditional limitation periods in relation to those claims. It examines in particular in the first section the House of Lords decision in Stubbings v. Webb to the effect that civil claims over child sex abuse were time barred, and the subsequent unsuccessful appeal to the European Court of Human Rights which ruled by seven votes to two that there had been no violation of articles 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It is also noted that the Court ruled unanimously that there had been no violation of article 8; and by eight votes to one that there had been no violation of article 14. The paper turns in the second section to what have been called actions for wrongful birth, arguing that here we see the law of torts taking a more protective role, one which must be set side by side with the child abuse actions examined in the first part of the paper. Throughout the paper, both English and Australian law is canvassed. The major claims in this paper relate to what the author terms a singularly adult picture or rights and wrongs reflected in the law of torts.     

立法含混的法教义学弥补：以刑法第289条为分析样本

由于现行刑法第289条规定的模糊含混,导致该条文适用过程中歧义丛生,增加了司法适用的难度。通过梳理该条的历史变迁与法益变化,从法教义学角度客观把握＂聚众‘打砸抢’＂的内涵与地位,同时运用＂拟制规定＂与＂注意规定＂分析方法来厘定刑法第289条条文性质并作出合理解释乃消除实践分歧之可行路径。     

寻找“更有利的法”:比较型冲突规范的司法困境及出路

2011年,中国《涉外民事关系法律适用法》引入了有利条款。六年多来,这种比较型冲突规范因其迥异的适用逻辑和比较法气质,在实践中遭遇了司法规避,至今未见严格准确适用有利条款的司法案例。司法困境的原因何在?走出困境只能仰赖立法修改乃至废除有利条款吗?通过对有利条款的历史溯源和实践中的裁判逻辑进行分析,可以发现司法困境既存在立法论根源,又存在司法技术阙如的问题。通过对现有案例进行法教义学梳理和分析,再通过设计和评析虚拟案例的方法,可以发现,在司法实践中准确适用有利条款具有可行性,并不存在实质性的障碍,至少能在个案层面上建立清晰、具有可操作性的裁判规则。法官不应以司法规避放弃裁判的职责。寻找更有利的法,就是寻找更睿智的法官。在司法实践中积极适用有利原则具有重要的理论价值,有助于从中观层面上发展比较法理论。在中国深化对外开放和建设一带一路的背景下,同样别具实践价值。     

论社会转型时期行政执法方式的转变

社会转型时期，由于社会利益的分化导致社会矛盾日益激化，传统的强权式行政执法方式已经不适应诸多社会问题的解决。和解与协商在行政执法过程中的采用有助于政府权力与公民权利的平衡并达到社会的和谐与稳定。但是，这种协商式执法方式的实施应当以法律的基本精神和原则以及行政机关的法定职责为界限。