An unusual case of corpse dismemberment

A case of corpse dismemberment into 850 fragments was investigated at the Cracow Department of Forensic Medicine. The perpetrator employed various tools to divide the body into fragments and subsequently boiled the pieces to reduce their volume. The thus-prepared body decreased its volume to 30 kg. Subsequently, the perpetrator placed the body fragments in 2 large pots, which were then positioned in the space under the stairs and walled in.     

Some problems in identification of an unidentified corpse

Presents data on the number of unidentified corpses sent to the morgue of Bureau of Forensic Medical Expert Evaluations of the Rostov region and discusses the shortcomings in organization of medical criminalistic personality identification. Discusses some scientific problems investigated at Department of Forensic Medicine of Rostov State Medical University.     

大鼠尸体组织中三甲胺-氮的检测

目的建立检测尸体组织中三甲胺-氮(TMA-N)含量的方法。方法大鼠肌肉组织样本100mg经预处理后,将三甲胺(TMA)抽提于无水甲苯中,与苦味酸作用,形成黄色的苦味酸三甲胺盐,用分光光度计在410nm处检测吸光度,标准曲线法计算TMA-N含量。结果在1～10mg/L范围内,光密度(OD)值与TMA-N浓度呈现良好线性关系(R2=0.9991,P<0.001)。平均日内差2.37%,平均日间差3.2%。加样平均回收率98.4%;大鼠死后即刻至7d,尸体肌肉组织中TMA-N含量由0.115mg/L上升至18.073mg/L,随死后时间延长呈现增加的趋势。结论死后尸体组织中的TMA-N含量可用分光光度法检测。     

Determination of death mechanisms in forensic-medical examination of a corpse

Applied aspects of multivalued and modal logics served the basis for the proposed algorithm of tanatological analysis of autopsy material including formalization of semiquantitative data on changes in vital organs with further conversion of the estimated tanatogenetic coefficients in the form of probability suggestions leading to the conclusion about the kind and speed of tanatogenesis. The method is illustrated by cases from expert practice.     

DNA降解与腐败尸体死亡时间的相关性

目的探讨骨髓细胞核DNA含量变化与腐败尸体死亡时间的关系。方法应用DNA高度特异性染色方法Feulgen改良法结合计算机图像分析技术对死后不同时间(0～14d)胸骨骨髓细胞核DNA含量变化进行分析。结果胸骨骨髓细胞核DNA含量随死亡时间延长呈缓慢而规律下降,直至死后两周仍未完全降解。结论死后DNA降解速率与死亡时间呈线性关系,测定死后骨髓细胞核DNA含量可望成为腐败尸体死亡时间推断的新方法。     

常规冷冻对大鼠尸体组织形态学的影响

目的观察分析死后不同时间冷冻大鼠尸体主要内脏组织细胞形态变化规律。方法 SD大鼠20只,分为尸僵前冷冻组、尸僵期冷冻组、尸僵缓解冷冻组及对照组（各5只）,颈椎脱臼处死大鼠,实验组大鼠在室温25℃±5℃、相对湿度80%±5%分别放置0h、6h、24h后-20℃±2℃冰箱冷冻72h,解剖提取脑、心、肺、肝、肾,常规切片HE染色,显微图像体视学测量细胞外间隙的面密度。结果各实验组内脏组织间质疏松增宽,冰晶裂隙沿组织间隙或肝血窦分布、周边细胞固缩,红细胞冻溶、血管周围浆液淤积,以肝组织变化最明显。细胞外间隙的面密度：对照组明显小于实验组（P〈0.01）;脑尸僵前组较尸僵组大（P〈0.05）;心、肾尸僵前组和尸僵组无显著差异（P〉0.05）,均较尸僵缓解组大（P〈0.01）;肝各实验组组间比较均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论冷冻不同尸僵状态下内脏组织细胞有不同的形态结构,可作为区别和判断生前和死后组织细胞形态改变的参考。     

Identification of a corpse using autosomal and gonosomal STR markers

The identification of unidentified corpses poses an exceptional challenge in the field of forensic medicine, because visual traits are often unspecific. Forensic genetics offer a reliable means to determine the identity of a corpse unambiguously. In the process, Y and X chromosomal markers play an important role. Here, we report about a case out of the ordinary where a corpse was properly identified using forensic genetic methods.     

无名尸民事权利司法保护问题研究

相关部门有无权力为无名尸索赔？理论界、实务界及各自内部各抒己见、争论不休。由于立法的不完善，各地人民法院在认识及司法实践中意见绝然相反。本文首先对无名尸民事权利的内涵作法理分析，认为应设立无名尸民事权利保护制度，然後通过封中国现行法律规定及其缺陷的深入透析，认为应从法律上明确无名尸民事权利的保护制度，最后以中国现行法律制度、法律精神为基础，从审判程序上提出具体的保护途径。     

The case of the sitting corpse. Accident or homicide?

Discussed are the unusual position of a body at a death scene and plausible mechanisms responsible for this positioning.     

尸体腐败程度与死亡经过时间的实验研究

为了找出推测死亡经过时间的客观依据,应用健康的苏白猪为实验模型,进行尸体腐败程度与死亡经过时间研究,将模型分别放置在室内、室外及地下三个环境中,让尸体在自然的环境中发生腐败,详细记录尸体腐败所表现的现象,特别是腐败气体所产生的张力。实验发现,尸体腐败至软组织与骨骼全部分离、以及腐败残留物质的完全消失,与温度、湿度、降雨量、尸体与地面倾斜度、昆虫的寄生等有明显的关系。所得数据,为死亡经过时间的推测,积累了重要的参考依据。     

Principles in construction of mathematical model for neonatal corpse cooling studies

The process of cooling of the body of a dead human was studied with consideration for the anatomical characteristics of adult and newborn human corpses. The body was simulated as a homogeneous elongated rotation ellipsoid and mathematical model was developed as function of relationship between body temperature and time. After appropriate characteristics in the mathematical model were established, cooling processes and effects of various factors on this process were analyzed for the final ellipsoid. The model suggests the possibility of amendments for environmental temperature and body parameters.