危险驾驶罪探析

在危险驾驶罪的成立条件方面,行为人在主观上只要能够认识到自己是在驾驶机动车追逐竞驶或醉酒驾驶机动车而仍然为之,就已经满足了本罪主观故意的成立条件。在判断醉酒驾驶机动车的行为是否构成危险驾驶罪时,仍然应受到《刑法》第13条但书的制约。在对情节恶劣和醉酒的判断上应注意主、客观标准的协调与统一。     

浅析危险驾驶罪与其它罪的界限

在实际生活中,危险驾驶罪是比较常见多发的犯罪,而且涉及的人数众多。在没有司法解释的情况下,认定本罪还要进一步的细化,处理不好会影响社会稳定。因为危险驾驶罪是把原来行政处罚的两种行为上升为犯罪,这极容易把行政处罚的行为和犯罪行为相混淆。鉴于刑法的严厉性,同时考虑到危险驾驶罪的入罪门槛比较低,此外,本罪预防的对象是极为广大的机动车驾驶者,是一种极易触犯的罪名,不然就不会有人反对增设该罪名了,因此,除了在法条上应作出严格限制外,在实践中还要注意罪与非罪的区别以及与其他罪的区别。     

唐小天:飙车青年的非主流成长

4月11日晚上,北京奥林匹克公园北边的大屯路隧道,一辆兰博基尼与一辆法拉利发生碰撞,两车受损严重,光鲜亮丽的兰博基尼成为半具残骸和一堆碎片,法拉利的右侧车门掉落、车体受损.所幸,兰博基尼的驾驶者唐小天和法拉利的驾驶者小于并无生命之虞. 北京警方经调查认为唐小天和小于均存在驾驶机动车追逐竞驶的违法行为,飙车时最高时速超过每小时160公里.随后,两人因涉嫌危险驾驶罪被刑事拘留.     

危险驾驶罪构成之客观方面探析

《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(八)》(以下简称《修正案(八)》)第22条规定:“在刑法第一百三十三条后增加一条,作为一百三十三条之一:‘在道路上驾驶机动车追逐竟驶,情节恶劣的,或者在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的,处拘役,并处罚金.有前款行为,同时构成其他犯罪的,依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚.”一时间,“酒驾入刑”和“飙车入刑”成为舆论关注的热点,举国上下对本次刑法修正案的关注达到了空前的程度.不论是学术界还是媒体界对“危险驾驶罪”展开了广泛的热议,但是有关危险驾驶罪入罪的具体条件,各方的观点却并不一致.①这种争议在官方和民间产生的原因不仅仅是各自所处立场以及知识结构的不同,更多的因素在于“危险驾驶罪”这一罪名本身就存在着诸多的问题.如何清晰厘定危险驾驶罪构成的客观方面具有重要的实际意义.     

醉酒型危险驾驶罪案件的检察审查

正根据《刑法修正案(八)》的规定,危险驾驶罪可以分为追逐竞驶型危险驾驶罪和醉酒驾驶型危险驾驶罪两种类型,追逐竞驶型危险驾驶罪必须是"情节恶劣的"才构成犯罪,醉酒驾驶型危险驾驶罪(以下简称"醉酒型危险驾驶罪")是行为犯,是指只要实施《刑法》分则规定的在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的危害行为就构成既遂的犯罪,它不以发生一定的危害结果为犯罪构成要件。当前,福建省基层检察院受理移送审查起诉的涉     

醉驾超标电动自行车可构成危险驾驶罪

【裁判要旨】超过有关国家标准的电动自行车依法应当被认定为机动车。醉驾超标电动自行车的危险性达到了危险驾驶罪所规范的危险程度,故可以构成危险驾驶罪。在定罪量刑时,要体现刑法的谦抑性,并非一律定罪,构成犯罪的,量刑时也要比照同等情形下驾驶其他机动车的被告人,适度从宽处罚。     

浅析“危险驾驶罪”

2011年2月25日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议通过的《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（八）》第二十二条规定：＂在道路上驾驶机动车追逐竞驶,情节恶劣的,或者在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的,处拘役,并处罚金。＂,并将此规定为＂危险驾驶罪＂。这意味着,醉驾、飙车行为不再由行政法来处理,而是上升到刑法的层面来规制。本文拟从＂危险驾驶罪＂的立法背景、＂危险驾驶罪＂的认定、＂危险驾驶罪＂与其他罪名的界分、以及＂危险驾驶罪＂制定与适用不足及建议几个方面阐释对＂＂危险驾驶罪＂的理解。     

危险驾驶罪立法之反思

一、对本罪客观行为范围的反思刑法将本罪的客观行为限定为追逐竞驶,情节恶劣的行为和醉酒驾驶行为。两行为都属于危险驾驶行为,但危险驾驶行为并非仅限于此。按照《道路交通安全法》的相关规定,危险驾驶行为应是指违反道路交通安全法的安全驾驶规定,驾驶机动车的行为。它具体应包括无证驾     

“醉酒型”危险驾驶罪客观方面探究

“醉酒型”危险驾驶罪的客观方面表现为行为人在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的行为.对“醉酒型”危险驾驶罪客观方面的认定,应对“道路”、“机动车”和“醉酒”作出准确的解读.另外,该种犯罪客观行为的成立也并不受“情节恶劣”的限制.     

“醉驾”入刑后的定罪困扰与省思

《刑法修正案(八)》将醉驾入刑以来,"醉驾"应否一律定罪、"但书"条款是否得为"醉驾"出罪规范依据之争,困扰着我国刑法理论研究与司法实务。正确解读"在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车"的构成要件内涵与规范含义,是正确认定醉驾型危险驾驶罪的关键。"在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车"是包含暗示罪量要素的不法行为定型,其规范保护目的是防范公共交通安全的抽象危险。认定醉驾型危险驾驶罪,必须结合刑法规范保护目的,对包含暗示罪量要素的"裸"的"醉驾"行为事实进行规范限缩。     

Crime Reporting Decisions and the Costs of Crime

The paper develops a model of crime reporting based on an economic approach. It identifies the principal costs and benefits of reporting from the victim’s perspective, taking account of insurance provision and the risk of intimidation by an offender. It shows how a victim might use backward induction to infer a rational reporting strategy. The recording of crime by the police is a process that relies on victim reports, and is thus influenced by the reporting decisions made by victims. The paper uses empirical evidence from the British Crime Survey and from the International Crime Victims Survey to explore the hypotheses generated by the model. It finds support for the suggestion that the propensity to report a crime increases with the size of the loss entailed. The paper also explores the implications of the findings for the estimation of the costs of crime. Reporting and intimidation costs are generally excluded from bottom-up estimates of costs, an omission that may be quite serious in the context of offences such as domestic violence.     

论独立教唆犯之犯罪预备性——以我国刑法第29条第2款的规定为视角

独立教唆犯是预备犯,这是因为,从教唆行为的本质上看,教唆行为是教唆者所教唆之罪的犯罪预备行为,且这种犯罪预备行为的本身在法律上不具有正当性。为了尽早阻断教唆行为对法益的破坏作用,有的国家在刑法总则中对独立教唆犯予以原则性地处罚规定,采取的是非独立预备犯的立法模式,将犯罪构成要件的可罚性前置化。采取独立预备犯立法技术的国家,在刑法分则中为一些独立教唆行为规定了特定的犯罪构成要件,使一些教唆行为成为其相应的犯罪构成要件的实行行为,但不是教唆者所教唆之罪的犯罪实行行为。     

关于贪污罪的共同犯罪问题研究

一、共同贪污犯罪成立的条件根据《刑法》规定,共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。共同贪污犯罪是指两个以上具备贪污罪主体资格的人,利用职务便利或者具备贪污罪主体资格的人与不具备贪污罪主体资格的人利用具备贪污罪主体资格的人的职务便利,而共同故意实施贪污行为的犯罪。     

危险犯既遂后的中止问题研究

按照通说,危险犯在法定危险状态形成后行为人又主动采取措施排除其造成的危险状态是不成立犯罪中止,但这一通说却也面临许多质疑。按照我国中止的立法规定、犯罪构成、危险犯的特性来看,危险犯在达至既遂状态后成立犯罪中止完全具有合理性且是危险犯的中止而不是实害犯的中止,从刑事政策的角度来看也给了犯罪人回头是岸的机会,也保护了面临犯罪侵害的合法权益。     

Affairs of the Heart: Hate Crime and the Politics of Crime Control

Various scholars have noted the priority given to law in the politics of hate violence; violence is the problem and law, more specifically the criminal law, the solution at the ‘heart’ of society. This article seeks to explore some of the gaps and silences in the existing literature and politics that mobilize these ideas and associations. It is the gap sand silences associated with demands for and expectations of criminal justice that will be the particular concern of this article. The demand for law is examined by way of David Garland's recent work on the culture of crime control. His work offers an analysis of the contemporary place of crime control in Anglo-American liberal democracies. A distinctive feature of his analysis is to be found in the way it maps an important paradox of contemporary crime control; its political centrality and an increasing recognition of its limitations. Garland's ‘criminology of the self’ and the ‘criminology of the other’ raise some important challenges for those who advocate resort to crime control. My particular concern is to consider the significance of Garland's work for a contemporary sexual politics that puts violence and criminal justice at the heart of that politics. Feminist, gay and lesbian scholarship first on criminal justice and second, on violence and law will be used to develop a critical dialogue with Garland's analysis and to reflect upon the challenges raised by his insights into contemporary crime control. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Constructing Crime against the Elderly in Swedish Crime Prevention Campaigns

The study investigates how crime prevention activities frame the problem of crime against the elderly, regarding character, causes, effects and solutions. Data was collected through participant observations, interviews and analysis of a film produced by a local crime prevention council in Sweden. It is concluded that crime prevention for seniors produces complex and contradicting images of the problem. In situational crime prevention seniors are warned to look out for strangers stalking them or trying to access their homes. Statements that victimization is uncommon among the old are combined with warnings that invoke images of mysterious ever-present perpetrators. In social crime prevention, where causes and interventions of crime are discussed, crime prevention officers link the problem to established social problems such as drug abuse and juvenile delinquency. This way of framing the problem is typical for a Swedish Social Democratic perspective, where lack of community and integration are defined as causes of social problems. It is concluded that warnings to look out for strangers who ask for help may be at odds with this striving towards community.     

行政犯与二元化犯罪模式

刑事犯与行政犯的类型划分已成为犯罪分类中的一个固定范武,如何在认知行政犯之本质的基础上设置行政犯的犯罪模式,这就不仅关系到刑法的控制效果,而且还关系到刑法的科学发展.作为"先抑后扬"的二元化犯罪模式,不仅能够满足刑法上设置行政犯之目的诉求,而且较好地体现了刑法谦抑原则,因而是行政犯之犯罪模式的理性选择.所以未来的刑法修正案应适当扩展二元化犯罪模式的存在范围,具体可以考虑在纯正的贪利性行政犯中实行.     

腐败犯罪学论要

研究和防治腐败犯罪 ,是一项古老而新鲜的问题。必须把腐败犯罪的产生和防治作为一门专门的学科加以研究。本文还对腐败犯罪的特征与分类、腐败犯罪学的研究对象和结构体系、腐败犯罪学的研究方法等作了逐一论述。