美国青少年法院的形成与发展

美国的青少年法院在预防青少年犯罪,打击和保护美国青少年群体中起到了重要作用,具有重要意义。文章将系列介绍美国从十九世纪起,至二十世纪九十年代,青少年法院建立及发展的情况,并通过经典案例分析了早期青少年法院存在的司法程序问题,以及各时期美国涉及有关打击青少年犯罪政策变化。     

政府公共服务外包中的循证式管理--来自美国地方政府实践的启示

美国地方政府大规模的市场化改革浪潮中,公共服务外包得到了前所未有的普及,其高质量的发展很大程度上得益于基于证据的公共服务外包循证式管理。本研究关注美国在公共服务外包领域所建立的循证式管理,尤其是其具有实践可操作性的管理模式、实施要点与评价。中国地方政府的公共服务外包正方兴未艾,通过对美国经验的介绍,以期为完善我国循证式管理下的政府公共服务外包,形成我国公共服务外包的科学管理决策模式提供有益的启示和经验借鉴。     

US–China Relations in the Era of Globalization and Terror: a framework for analysis

The coming decade could provide the opportunity for the United States to consolidate stable Sino–American relations and expand US–China cooperation on a wide range of global and regional issues. Such a constructive relationship would not be conflict-free or without competitive aspects, especially in the political and economic realms, nor is its development inevitable. But the United States is not likely to conclude that a strategy of containment toward China is either necessary or feasible. Similarly, China will likely continue to pursue a strategy of seeking cooperative ties with the United States rather than adopting an anti-hegemonist coalition strategy to counter American power and influence. A key factor underlying this assessment is that ‘globalization’ is reshaping the global strategic environment. In this new strategic situation, the interests of the United States and China will limit strategic competition between them and compel closer cooperation to respond to shared strategic threats and challenges. Globalization has led to converging—though by no means identical—national interests in many critical areas and a common interest in maintaining the overall global system of regimes, treaties and organizations governing international economic, political and security relations to the benefit of both countries. This high-level common interest does not preclude sharp differences over specific issues, but it is likely to create pressure on the United States and China to cooperate in many areas to defend, maintain and strengthen the system and to restrain them from pursuing containment or confrontational strategies toward each other.     

The Economics of Power Transitions: Australia between China and the United States

This article examines Sino–Australian economic relations, and their impact on the ties between the United States and Australia. First, drawing on power transition theory, it is argued that in a post-Cold War environment, economic ties play as great a role as strategic relations in determining the orientation of third-party states. Second, it is also argued that Australia's deeper economic and commercial ties with China have usurped a role previously held by the United States. This has forced Australia to pursue a bifurcated foreign policy—one split between its economic and national security needs. Third, these deeper ties with China have generated a degree of alliance drift between Australia and the United States. As a result, there is now a significant debate in Australia over the future of both bilateral relations—even as its space for policy innovation remains limited.     

North Korea End-Game or Mid-Game? Some scenarios and their implications for US–China relations

North Korea looms large as a challenge for the United States and China. US–China cooperation in working to deal with the challenge of North Korea is often held up as an example of constructive engagement between Washington and Beijing. Nevertheless, North Korea has the potential to generate discord or even conflict between the United States and China. This paper considers several possible scenarios for North Korea and evaluates the implications of each for the US–China relationship.     

美国的限权宪法模式及其民主性困境——试论美国宪政文明的二元个性

在改造英国议会主权的基础上,美国形成限权宪法的模式。这一模式的特点之一在于以司法机关制约立法机关,形成司法审查的制度,但亦造成民主性困境。宪政与民主之间的张力凸显了美国宪政文明的二元个性。     

论美国政府危机管理机制及对我国的借鉴

多年以来,危机管理问题一直是国际社会公共治安领域研究的热点和焦点问题。而作为世界第一强国的美国．又一直处于各种危机的前沿。美国在处理各种危机事件中,积累了很多经验．并逐渐形成了一套成熟的模式。文章试针对美国对恐怖袭击应急对策、对公共卫生突发事件应急对策以及对自然灾害应急对策予以论述．以期引起国内有关人士的重视;并借鉴美国应对危机的措施．提出了我国危机管理的建议。     

美国网络隐私权的法律保护

20世纪90年代以来,网络隐私权问题越来越引起关注。美国作为互联网最发达的国家,又是隐私权的发源地,是最早意识到这个问题的国家之一。网络隐私权问题主要有:个人数据的非法收集、使用和交易;干扰个人网上通信,包括垃圾邮件泛滥和监看私人电子邮件。美国在保护网络隐私权的过程中,采取了立法、司法、行业自律等多种方式,取得了很大成绩,但也暴露出一些问题。     

金融危机下中国银行业流动性风险的防范——以资产市场价格波动为视角

2007年以来,源于美国次贷市场的金融危机迅速深化和蔓延,造成欧美大批金融机构严重亏损,一些欧美的商业银行和国际投资银行因流动性问题已经或即将面临倒闭风险,而资产价格泡沫破灭是导致这场银行业流动性危机的根源。由次贷危机引起的金融危机对银行业流动性风险管理提出了新的挑战,该文从资产市场价格波动的角度来进行探讨,加强对中国银行业流动性风险的防范。     

In the Right Direction

In March, the U.S. Congress decided to loosen travel restrictions for Cuban Americans visiting their relatives in Cuba. The Caribbean island nation has been under a commercial, economic and financial embargo imposed by the United States since 1962. Beijing Review reporter Yan Wei spoke to Cuba's Ambassador to China Carlos Miguel Pereira Hernandez about the positive signs between Cuba and the United States as well as China-Cuba relations.     

我国慈善事业发展中的政府作用分析——基于中美比较的借鉴与启示

经过多年的发展,我国慈善事业在取得了积极成绩的同时仍面临许多问题。本文从政府在慈善事业发展中的角色定位及作用入手,比较了中美两国慈善事业发展的现状与政府作用。我国慈善事业发展的历程集中体现了政府对慈善事业发展的主导作用,政府充当了慈善事业的组织者、运营者和资助者的角色;美国政府与慈善组织结为"事业伙伴"关系,发挥着倡导者、合作者、管理监督者、法律保障者的作用。由于历史、社会文化、宗教影响、法律环境等因素,中美政府在发展本国慈善事业中采取的措施与发挥的作用既有相似点又存有差异。借鉴美国的成功经验,中国慈善事业发展的核心问题就是要理顺政府与慈善的关系,政府在促进慈善事业发展中的作用应体现在引导、监督和保障方面。     

金触危机下美国对华贸易保护与中国政府的应对策略——以＂轮胎特保案＂为视角

金融危机导致国际贸易萎缩,继而加剧国际市场竞争,也促使各国采取更为保守的贸易政策和措施,从而加剧国际贸易摩擦。最近发生的轮胎特保案就是由于美国奉行贸易保护政策的典型实例。美国的贸易限制对中国经济的影响非常大,不仅直接影响到中国众多企业的生存发展,而且会对中国整个经济发展带来冲击。如何应对美国对华实施的贸易保护政策已经成为一项非常复杂而又十分紧迫的任务,这其中,政府的引导和协调起着不可替代的主导作用。     

诊所法律教育的状况及其存在问题研究

诊所法律教育是20世纪60年代起源于美国的一种法律教育方法，迄今已在全美法学院普遍施行。我国引入这一教育方法后，已取得初步成效，但也面临着不少问题。本文在描述诊所法律教育在国内外的产生及发展状况的基础上，就诊所法律教育所蕴涵的价值进行了分析，并对其所存在的问题进行了探讨。     

美国政府航空运输业法律规制的历史考察

美国在航空运输业规制改革过程中,以整个政府规制体制的总体框架为依据,制定了完善细致的法律法规。美国航空运输业的飞速发展很大程度上得益于其完备的法律制度。考察美国政府对航空运输业法律规制的历史,对我国当下的民航运输业改革颇有启示:我们要加快行业立法;修改、创制相关法律、法规,为改革提供法律保障;制定反垄断法;完善民航执法制度。     

金融危机防范的法律制度研究

法律制度是金融稳定的基础设施，也是金融危机防范的制度化保障，在防范金融危机中具有重要的地位和作用。在分析比较英、美、韩等国家以及巴塞尔协议中的金融危机防范法律制度的基础上，可以看出，我国目前防范和化解金融危机的金融法律制度框架虽已初步建立，但有关法律规定还过于原则、零散，尚不够完善。我国应建立健全以《金融稳定法》为龙头，涵盖金融监管法律制度、金融危机救助和处置法律制度以及金融生态法律制度的法律体系，为金融危机防范提供良好的法治环境。     

美国公共安全危机事件应急管理研究

从应急管理的角度来看,凡涉及危及国家安全,危害公共安全和社会秩序,威胁公民生命财产安全,需要各级应急管理机构做出反应的,均属于公共安全危机事件。在美国,由于公共安全危机事件的规模与所要求的应急资源级别不同,因而联邦、州和地方政府也对其具有不同的界定标准。美国联邦政府的第一个应急管理计划是针对洪水与民防事务的处置。20世纪70年代,FEMA被指定承担协调联邦、州和地方当局应对危机的职责,而且成为全国对紧急事件管理的领导机构。美国的国家应急管理体系为:地方政府的应急反应机构是各种公共安全危机事件的第一反应者;州的应急反应机构对包括缩减、准备、反应和恢复在内的所有危机管理负责以及当州政府的应急能力不足时呼吁联邦政府给予支持。对公共安全危机事件的应急过程不仅需要政府的应急机构进行组织,而且需要许多社会组织参与。     

美国强势推动TPP及对两岸关系的影响

2008年以来,作为“再平衡”战略的重要部署,美国高调主导并强势推动TPP,对两岸关系产生了重要影响.TPP成为美国对两岸关系施加影响的新切入点,对两岸的制度性经济合作造成直接冲击,也可能成为“台独”势力操弄影响岛内政治认同的新手段,给两岸务实解决台湾“国际空间”问题增添变数.大陆方面应该做好具有前瞻性的理论准备、政策研究和行动方案,为两岸关系和平发展以及中国的和平崛起“保驾护航”.     

School Safety Strategies and Their Effects on the Occurrence of School-Based Violence in U.S. High Schools: An Exploratory Study

Recent incidents of school-based violence have resulted in the widespread implementation of school safety strategies across the United States. While research on these strategies has grown over the past decade, there is little understanding about their collective influence on indicators of school violence. Using data from the 2007–2008 School Survey on Crime and Safety, the present study explored responses of 936 school officials (N = 936) employed in high schools across the United States. Taking a confirmatory factor analytic approach, strategies were grouped into numerous factors based on their typology. Factor scores were then extracted and used as predictor variables in a negative binomial regression analysis to determine the extent to which types of safety strategies were associated with recorded incidents of school-based violence.     

SUMMIT OR SUBMIT?

In order to get the Taiwan authorities to attend the so-called "Summit for Democracy," the United States has racked its brains to try and avoid overly provoking China.