Chayanov and the economics of the Russian Peasantry

The years after 1900 saw the emergence of the “neo‐populist” tradition as a leading tendency of economic thought in the study of the Russian peasantry. By the 1920s Aleksandr Vasil'evich Chayanov had become one of the most influential spokesmen of this tradition. His school was dispersed in 1930. But in the Western study of modern peasantries, his work is once more increasingly influential. The article considers Chayanov's place in the development of economic thought and of political controversy, and tries to locate this in the context of the history of the Russian peasantry itself. Problems and theories in the allocation of labour supplies are particularly examined. Finally, we raise the question of ideology in economic thought.     

天才构想伟大成就——中国改革开放30年非公有制经济的发展

邓小平创立了建设有中国特色社会主义理论,为非公有制经济在我国的生存赢得了合法的地位,并使其不断发展和完善,成为促进我国社会生产力发展的重要力量。     

工会参与服务型政府建设的理论逻辑

党的十七大报告提出,要加快行政管理体制改革,建设服务型政府。服务型政府是传统公共行政模式的根本变革,建设服务型政府是一个庞大的系统工程。作为重要的社会政治团体,工会通过推动有限政府、民主政府、法治政府建设和强化政府的公共服务能力,在服务型政府建设中发挥着不可或缺的重要作用。     

论国有企业创建和谐劳动关系的方法与途径

开展创建劳动关系和谐企业活动,对于推动企业建立规范有序、公正合理、互利共赢、和谐稳定的社会主义新型劳动关系,有着十分重要现实意义.本文以中国石化镇海炼化分公司为例,从企业人力资源管理的角度,探讨国有企业如何创建和谐劳动关系,促进企业健康、稳定、快速发展的方法与途径.     

知识型企业和谐劳动关系构建的管理向度

知识型员工具有素质高、地位高、需要层次高等特点,相对于劳动密集型企业,知识型企业和谐劳动关系具有更高要求.知识型企业构建和谐劳动关系不能仅仅依靠法律约束和行政干预,企业管理创新是重要途径.根据知识型员工的特点,实行柔性管理和加强压力管理是构建知识型企业和谐劳动关系的有效方法.     

论企业文化的建构与建设

建设企业文化,必须把握它的本质特征,分析企业内外因素,提炼核心价值观,着力培育富有时代特征和鲜明个性的企业精神。     

Parenting and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Moroccan Immigrant Youth in the Netherlands

This study explores the relationship of parenting to internalizing and externalizing problems in Moroccan immigrant youth in the Netherlands. Interviews were conducted with 713 Moroccan immigrant parents, using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Nijmegen Rearing Questionnaire. Child rearing varied with socioeconomic status and psychological acculturation level of the parent, and gender and age of the child. In accordance with studies in Western populations, high levels of affection and monitoring were associated with low levels of problem behavior and high levels of discipline were associated with high levels of problem behavior. However, in contrast to studies in Western populations, a positive relationship was revealed between affection and discipline, and the univariate associations between discipline and problem behavior were modest. Discipline and internalizing problems were unrelated in low SES families, whereas a positive relationship was found in high SES families. The relationship between monitoring and externalizing problems was age-specific: We found a negative association for adolescents and no association for children. Assistant Professor at the department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences of the University of Utrecht. She received her Ph.D. in Child & Adolescent Psychiatry at the Erasmus MC/Sophia, Rotterdam. Her research interests concern the psychological development of immigrant children and adolescents. Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences Professor of Developmental Psychopathology at the department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences of the University of Utrecht. Her research in the past years has been focused on mental health problems and addiction in adolescents and adults, and on the importance of the risk factors related to migrant status and ethnicity. Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences Received her Ph.D. at the University of Leiden in 1991. She is a Senior Researcher and head of the research group ‘Multicultural Questions’ at the Verwey-Jonker Institute. Her field of study is socialization and psychological development of children of ethnic minorities. Verwey-Jonker Institute, Kromme Nieuwegracht 6 Dutch Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist and Associate Professor at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at ErasmusMC/Sophia, Rotterdam. His research examines levels of emotional and behavioral problems as well as predictors of these problems in Turkish and Moroccan immigrant youth in the Netherlands. Dr. Crijnen is also the principal investigator in studies on the prevention of disruptive behavior and substance use in children and adolescents through school- and parent-based interventions. Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry     

Self-Esteem and National Identification in Times of Islamophobia: A Study Among Islamic School Children in The Netherlands

Despite strong debates about the role of Islamic education in Western societies, very little is known about the ways these schools can affect how Muslim children feel about these societies and themselves. This research examined how the self-esteem and national identification of Islamic schools students in a non-Muslim country (N?=?707; M_age?=?10.02; SD?=?1.25; 56.9% girls) depend on their perceptions of religious discrimination and the student-teacher relationship, as well as their teachers’ religious background and implicit religious attitude. Children reported substantially more religious discrimination against their group than against themselves. Religious discrimination was associated with lower self-esteem and weaker national identification, whereas a close bond with the teacher was associated with higher self-esteem and stronger national identification. Children with a non-Muslim teacher reported more national identification than students with a Muslim teacher, but less so if this teacher had a comparatively positive attitude toward Muslims. Results provide insights on how self-esteem and national identification can be encouraged within the context of Islamic education.     

试从经济学的角度反思技术创新的两大目标

充分就业和可持续发展是技术创新的两大目标。本文通过对技术创新与充分就业的关系的认识,初步探讨了如何达到两者的均衡;通过技术创新与可持续发展的联系,反思了可持续发展的可行性。     

人的发展与和谐劳动关系的构建

和谐的劳动关系是构建和谐社会的基础,人的发展不仅需要人与自然的和谐,同时也需求人与人之间的和谐.劳动是人类生活和社会发展的最基本条件,构建和谐劳动关系,不仅是和谐社会的基石,更是人的发展诉求.由于资源占有的不均衡和利益主体多元化,劳动关系的不和谐是当前市场经济中不可回避的社会事实.构建和谐劳动关系,必须通过制度进行有效协调,维护劳动者合法权利,同时形成劳动关系和谐文化,在平等的基础上建立伙伴合作关系.     

The role of parental perspectives in the school adjustment of innercity black children

This study investigated the relative influence of parent attitudes and behaviors on the scholastic and social adjustment of 729 low-income, black sixth graders in the Longitudinal Study of Children at Risk. Data were collected from parent questionnaires on attitudes toward education, expectations for children's educational attainment, and several indicators of behaviors with or on behalf of their children. Results indicated that parents had generally positive attitudes toward their children's schooling, had high expectations for their educational attainment, and were moderately involved in their education at home and in school. Multiple regression analyses indicated that only parents' educational expectations and satisfaction with the quality of schooling were significantly associated with reading achievement, math achievement, and teacher ratings of competence and problem behaviors above and beyond family/child background factors (e.g., parent education and SES, family structure, employment status, sex). Attitudinal factors also contributed significant variance (2.4%–9.1%) to differences in cognitive and social adjustment outcomes and, to lesser degrees, changes in social adjustment from Grades 4–6 (2.2%–5.7%). Behavioral measures had negligible influences on school adjustment outcomes. Findings suggest that affective characteristics of parents deserve special attention in educational reform and intervention efforts.Received Ph.D. from University of Illinois at Chicago. Research interests include children at risk, family and school influences.Received M.S. from Punjab Agricultural University. Research interests include family processes, early childhood education.     

我国劳动力市场发展态势对构建和谐劳动关系的影响

劳动力市场发展态势对构建和谐劳动关系起着基础性的关键作用.随着经济体制改革的逐步深入,我国劳动力市场体系已基本发育成型,并呈现良性运转的态势,为构建和谐劳动关系创造了有利条件.但与之同时,在劳动力市场运行过程中存在的各种问题也对构建和谐劳动关系形成障碍.深入分析我国劳动力市场的发展态势及其对劳动关系的影响,并提出进一步完善劳动力市场的对策和建议,有利于为构建和谐劳动关系创造基础性条件,并进一步促进社会和谐.     

subjects of debate: secular and sexual exceptionalism,and Muslim women in the Netherlands

This article attends to the transformation of national identity that occurs in the context of ‘the multicultural debate’ in the Netherlands, and unfolds on the terrain of Dutch (secular and sexual) exceptionalism. First, it explores the connections between two topics that are prominent in the ‘multicultural debates’ all over Europe and undergird the civilizational discourse of a post-Cold War geopolitical era: discussions about secularism on the one hand, and gender and sexual politics on the other. Through a mode of ‘secular nostalgia’, which mobilizes the understanding of the Netherlands as a place par excellence of emancipation for both women and sexual minorities, the Dutch secular arrangement is restructured in new exclusionary ways. Second, it explores how dominant discourses on the symbolic and material borders of the nation interpellate young Muslim women who often figure as the central ‘subjects of debate’. I rely on the notion of interpellation (Althusser) to explore the question of subject formation, with a particular attention to the epistemological conditions of ‘talking back’ as a subject whose constituency and agency is always already informed by the terms in which she is addressed.     

The Individual Characteristics,Ethnic Identity,and Cultural Orientation of Successful Secondary School Students of Turkish and Moroccan Background in The Netherlands

The present study focuses on the individual characteristics, cultural orientation, and ethnic identity of academically successful 17-year-old adolescents of Turkish and Moroccan background in the Netherlands. One hundred and six successful and less successful adolescents of Turkish, Moroccan, and Dutch background participated in the study. The successful ethnic minority students were expected to be highly motivated and determined to succeed. They were thought to have more problems with their ethnic identity as well. It was concluded that success might be explanable in terms of a more positive attitude toward the Dutch society. The successful students did not need to be highly motivated to be academically successful. Although the successful Turkish and Moroccan background students had somewhat more doubts and more negative feelings about belonging to their ethnic group, this does not seem to lead to identity problems.     

试论工会在和谐企业建设中的作用

为了促进和谐企业的建设,工会组织必须发挥维护职能作用,坚持源头维护,协调企业劳动关系;坚持畅通渠道,化解不稳定因素;坚持排忧解难,关心职工疾苦,使工会真正成为党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带.