当前青少年犯罪成因及对策研究——以东莞市青少年犯罪为研究模本

目前我国正处于社会转型时期,存在诸多容易诱发青少年犯罪的不良因素,青少年犯罪的形势依然严峻。作为新兴制造业城市的代表,东莞独特的经济结构和人口构成使其青少年犯罪在数量、主体、类型等方面具有明显特征。"东莞式"青少年犯罪既有着青少年自身原因,也有着家庭与学校教育缺位以及不良文化冲击的影响,更有着产业结构形成的外来人口盲目涌入而造成的城市不适应性方面的因素。     

优化吉林省产业结构促进经济发展方式转变

优化产业结构对促进经济发展方式转变具有重要的现实意义。本文分析了吉林省产业结构的现状及存在的问题,提出了加快改造传统产业,大力推进农业现代化进程,发展新兴产业和先进的制造业,优化产业布局,发展现代化服务业体系以及构建绿色发展的产业体系等优化产业结构的对策,以期为促进吉林省经济发展方式转变有所裨益。     

Guerrilla economics and the wild economy

This paper assesses the latest contributions, by Harding and Jenkins and by Portes, Castells and Benton, to the literature on the informal or hidden economy. It places these works in the context of the now significant body of theoretical and empirical research that has developed over the past 17 years. It traces the emergence of the concept from its roots in economic anthropology, developmental studies, criminology, poverty studies, industrial and urban sociology, and Soviet studies, to its current demand for an interdisciplinary economics. It shows how, what was originally a fragmented polemical critique of the classical model of economic man, dismissed by many as peripheral, even trivial, has emerged as a new approach to the analysis of economic life. This guerrilla interdisciplinary irreverence is forcing a new dialectical vision in which economic life is reveled to be anything but the predictable, rational activity of market forces. Instead we see a wild economy, of formal and informal, market and non-market, as interrelated dimensions of the same whole, a whole permeated by social networks and clusters of workers. Failure to take this development seriously is to be blind to the realities of modern economic life and itself constitutive of the myth that is the formal economy. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** AW502012 00002     

经济发展方式转变的数理逻辑与系统思考

本文围绕加快转变经济发展方式是我国当前经济工作的紧迫任务、科技进步促进经济发展方式转变的历史回顾、科技创新优化经济发展方式的现实比较、经济发展方式转变的数理逻辑与阶段特征和加快我国区域经济发展方式转变的路径选择等方面对转变经济发展方式问题进行了分析,并探讨了我国当前区域经济发展的阶段性特征及其发展规律。     

Advocacy Coalition for Historic Preservation in the U.S.: Changes in Motivations

As the policy discussions of historic preservation have become complicated in recent years, the advocacy for the use of heritage is now even more important, and the number of coalitions for promoting the economic value of heritage has been on the rise. This research provides a historical view of the development of advocacy coalition networks that actively pursue the benefits of heritage resources. Through this context, the article then examines a case study of the Wheeling National Heritage Area. The case exemplifies the framework of how coalition networks can provide the structure necessary to push preservation policy in government.     

Cyber-insurance in EU policy-making: Regulatory options,the market's challenges and the US example

Over the last decades digital technologies have penetrated our daily lives affecting all aspects of our societal and economic activities. Even though the benefits of relying on information systems to run everyday tasks, organise one's business, interact with each other or enjoy public services are undisputable, the increasing use of digital technologies comes with a price: the growing exposure to cyber risks. This new type of threat has been in the center of the EU agenda for over 15 years during which a solid legislative framework for the protection S of network and information systems against cyber incidents has been developed. However, security and resilience of infrastructures and networks is one parameter of the challenge. Dealing with the financial risk emerging from a cyber incident, is another, equally important one. The need to mitigate these risks led to the emergence of a new insurance market, the cyber insurance market. Despite though the constantly growing demand for this type of insurance coverage, the market is still under development. The fast-evolving nature of cyber threats, the lack of a common language as regards risks, losses and coverages and the lack of historical data on cyber incidents are listed among the factors that slow down the market's growth. Currently, all involved stakeholders in the insurance field are considering specific initiatives that would accelerate the process of turning the EU market more competitive and efficient against its many challenges. The example of the US cyber insurance market, with its shortcomings and know-how, could also contribute to this effort, as an example of a market that has been intensively facing these challenges for almost twenty years.     

基于转变经济发展方式视角下的地方政府改革

转变经济发展方式,是当前和今后一个时期我国政府面临的主要任务和重大挑战,关系着能否实现国民经济又好又快的发展.而政府行为和治理方式的转变对转变经济发展方式具有极其重要的作用,地方政府作为国民经济区域增长主体和次级协调主体,不但要高度认识到其重要性和紧迫性,而且要加快自身改革,以推进当地经济发展方式的转变.     

济宁市污染防治实证研究

作为传统资源型城市,济宁市正处于经济发展转型与生态文明建设的关键时期。近年来,济宁市的生态环境质量持续改善,已经形成了独具特色的“济宁科学治污模式”,但成效并不稳固,距离人民群众对美好生活的向往还有较大差距,同时面临着既要还历史旧账又要控制新污染源产生的双重压力。新时期,济宁市应以习近平生态文明思想为指导,由点到面打好污染防治攻坚战,进一步提升生态环境质量,不断推进绿色生产生活方式,走出一条高质量的经济发展道路,助推城市转型发展。     

论近年来的我国高等教育转型

转型是近年来我国高等教育发展的重要特征。我国高等教育转型的主要特点可以概括为空间上的全方位，时间上的加速度，程度上的深层次。在众多影响近年来我国高等教育转型的背景因素中，计划经济向市场经济的转轨及社会主义市场经济制度的逐渐发展是具有根本性作用的；国家政府是又一起重要影响作用的因素；学习外国高等教育的先进经验以及由此而带来的高等教育理念的深刻变化则构成了一种思想文化背景。     

THE EVOLUTION OF POLICY AND LAW FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

This article examines the evolution of politics and laws related to sustainable development in China. Sustainable development has been positioned as an economic development strategy many years ago. However, in earlier times, it bore a heavy tint of national strategy, followed by a kind of soft sustainable development with a technological orientation. The recent decade has seen China on track for strong sustainable development. At the present, China is around the turning point of the ＂Environmental Kuznets Curve,＂ where both domestic and international multiple pressures are forcing the whole country to make new choices for its dimension of sustainable development strategy. Although sustainable development has been recognized by the legal field of environmental resources, it is still not yet fully integrated into other areas of law. The period from weak to strong sustainable transition is accompanied by another transition, more significant in China, from industrial civilization to ecological civilization. Compared to weak sustainable development, the complex and contradictory character of strength has brought more challenges. Sustainable development of dualism and compromise, which corresponds with the actual needs in China, is an important theoretical basis and practical standards for implementing the scientific view of development. Finally, it concludes by noting that ecological civilization is attempting to solve the problems from a more broad perspective, and to pay more attention to public participation, at the same time to cover the shortage of environmental legislation.     

The stem family and labour markets: Reflections on households and firms in Japan's economic development

This paper examines a view that the traditional stem family system was one of the preconditions for Japan's modern economic development, focusing on labour markets and skill formation practices. The paper begins with a brief look at the Japanese stem family household formation rules. Then, exploration is made, first, on the self-employed, the largest sector of the early modern economy; second, the merchant house and its employment patterns as an origin of present day large corporations' employment system and skill formation and human capital management practices; and third, workshop industries, which formed middle and lower layers of the manufacturing sector in the period of industrialisation. Finally, women's marriage behaviour is examined in relation to labour markets, especially changes in real wages. All this is an attempt to go some way towards a better understanding of the ways in which the family economy and corporate firms worked in economic development, rather than to suggest an alternative hypothesis on the relationship between family and household factors and subsequent economic development.     

新自由主义对美英国家刑事法制的影响及反思

从一国或地区的政治经济体制来理解其刑事法制,可以以相对宏观的视角把握其刑事法制脉络。美国刑事法制自20世纪70年代以来发生了深刻变化,从刑事法制基本观念到具体实践都渗透强烈的报应主义色彩,而隐藏其后则是新自由主义思潮。美国刑事法制的转变也影响着英国等国家。对这一思潮进行研究,一方面可以对这些国家刑事法制过去半个世纪发展脉络进行整体把握,另一方面也为分析研究这些国家刑事法制提供了一个更具批判性的视角。     

应税事实依据经济实质认定之稽征规则——基于台湾地区“税捐稽征法”第12条之1的研究

台湾地区税捐稽征法第12条之1课税构成要件之认定及明订举证之责任,将税捐稽征中已实行多年的实质课税原则条文化。当避税安排的法律形式与其经济实质不相符时,稽征机关认定应税事实应以实质经济事实关系及其所生实质经济利益之归属与享有为依据。由量能课税原则导出的实质课税原则,重经济实质甚于法律形式,是实现税捐正义的实质性手段,并不违背税收法定原则。稽征机关实质课税的自由裁量权理应谦抑行使,其以税捐负担的公平分配为原则,以不损害纳税人的合法权益为底限。稽征机关依据经济实质认定应税事实,应依法承担举证责任,纳税人依法应尽协力义务,否则,稽征机关有权推定应税事实。大陆《税收征管法》亦应增订实质课税原则。     

Entrepreneurial universities in two European regions: a case study comparison

An entrepreneurial university is a natural incubator that tries to provide a supportive environment in which the university community can explore, evaluate and exploit ideas that could be transformed into social and economic entrepreneurial initiatives. Entrepreneurial universities are involved in partnerships, networks and other relationships to generate an umbrella for interaction, collaboration and co-operation. Rapid developments in science, the multidisciplinary nature of frontier research, legislative changes such as the Bayh–Dole Act and demands from business and society have shaped knowledge-based entrepreneurship within universities. Despite sharing similar historical backgrounds, economic conditions and cultural and social structures, entrepreneurial universities in most countries remain distinct from one another by their institutional arrangements, traditions and characteristics unique to each organization. Interestingly, no comparative research has been conducted to understand the similarities and differences of the conditioning factors and the outcomes/outputs of entrepreneurial universities in different regions that share similar social, economic and political conditions. This paper addresses this research deficit, adopting institutional economics and resource-based view. We compare entrepreneurial universities in two European regions (Spain and Ireland) using an in-depth qualitative approach based on multiple case studies (two Spanish universities and two Irish universities) between 2006 and 2010. The findings provide organizational practices and approaches relevant to the transformation process of other regional universities seeking to become entrepreneurial.     

对加快转变经济发展方式的理性思考

加快经济发展方式转变,促进国民经济又好又快发展,是党的十七大对全面建设小康社会提出的新要求,是实现科学发展的重要举措。因此,只有全面理解经济发展方式和经济增长方式的内涵,掌握转变经济发展方式的现实要求,科学选择转变经济发展方式的路径,才能实现经济的可持续发展,才能更好地满足广大群众日益增长的物质文化需求。     

吉林省县域经济发展的制约因素及对策分析

近年来,吉林省县域经济作为全省经济发展的重要组成部分得到了较快的发展,逐渐走上了快速发展之路。但同时也暴露出诸多问题,如经济基础薄弱,县域经济发展不平衡,产业结构不合理,工业发展水平低等。本文针对这些制约因素提出了相应的对策。     

体制创新：加快吉林经济发展方式转变的关键

近年来,吉林省经济增长的速度较快但发展的质量不高,经济发展的内生动力不足。经济发展方式转变滞后是由多方面因素造成的,但最大症结在于体制机制不合理。因此,加快转变经济发展方式是实现吉林省经济社会又好又快发展的必由之路,深化改革是实现经济发展方式转变的强大动力和根本途径。＂十二五＂时期吉林省必须对阻碍加快经济发展方式转变的各种利益关系进行调整,加快体制机制创新的步伐,努力形成有利于经济发展方式转变的制度安排。     

THE LAWS,POLICIES, AND POLITICS OF REGULATING LEAD POLLUTION IN CHINA

This article examines the politics, laws and policies related to regulating lead pollution from lead-acid battery related manufacturing facilities in China. Particularly, this paper examines how China＇s Ministry of Environmental Protection （MEP） was able to force the temporary closure of nearly 90 percent of lead-battery manufacturing facilities within a period of months in 2011, after years of enforcement failures. The authors analyze the extent to which the Government＇s response to address lead pollution was based on laws and policies that can be systematically and consistently deployed by MEP as needed, or whether such measures are reliant on political will from outside MEP. Additionally, the authors are concerned with the extent to which China ＇s governance response to lead pollution primarily addresses environmental and public health issues; or rather it primarily addresses political and economic development issues, and whether this difference is significant. The article makes suggestions for how China can improve its environmental enforcement, and in so doing, contributes to a growing field of scholarship that examines environmental governance issues in the context of developing countries.     

东亚区域经济一体化：矛盾与创新

近年来东亚区域经济合作蓬勃发展,经济一体化进程明显加快,正在形成多层次和多元化的合作机制和格局,但同时也存在着许多制约因素和内在矛盾,因而迫使东亚国家致力于不断加以探索和创新.从其发展趋向来看,东亚区域经济合作必将从目前以对话协商为主走向制度化和一体化道路,逐步实现建立东亚自由贸易区乃至经济共同体的目标.     

观念变迁如何影响经济增长———比较历史视野下的经济转型动因探源

从文化或价值观念的角度探寻经济增长的动因是马克斯·韦伯提出的经典研究范式。然而,新制度经济学的崛起逐渐遮蔽了此范式的研究进展,诺斯等学者建立的产权制度理论不仅在理论上占据了主流,而且成为许多后发转型国家促进经济增长的政策实践。本文试图跳出对制度范式的盲目信从,以比较历史的视野梳理和探寻了经济转型的精神动因,并尝试以此视角来解释当代中国的经济转型。