Neighborhood and the Police: The People's Republic of China

The neighborhood police station of the People's Republic of China is examined as a form of self-policing. It is an expression of the PRC ideology that is not to be extrapolated directly to the circumstances of Western policing, but the neighborhood police station does illustrate the tendency of law enforcement to emphasize the vertical axis of the community that advances the interests of external power over service to the needs of the neighborhood as conceived by the residents. This conclusion is given substance by analysis of the neighborhood police station's functions in household registration and relationships with public security committees.     

中华人民共和国人民调解法

第一章总则 第一条为了完善人民调解制度,规范人民调解活动,及时解决民间纠纷,维护社会和谐稳定,根据宪法,制定本法。     

Incarceration in The People's Republic of China: Functions and Implications

This paper delineates the place and functions of incarceration in the People's Republic of China. The comparative research on the topic will be particularly promising because those functions are grounded in a unique macro-control system framed to promote concurrently, first, the mobilization of the Chinese people in building a strong socialist society and, second, the management of broadly defined deviance. Observation of three correctional institutions is used to lend substance to the analysis. Because of the great difficulties to be overcome before valid comparative research can be accomplished, the paper is limited to justifying advocacy of future research on the implications of incarceration patterns in the People's Republic.     

The People's Republic of China: Possibilities for Comparative Criminology

The People's Republic of China has developed a macro control system based on “political education” and an integrated matrix of social institutions that are in sharp contrast to the criminal justice model of Western nations. This rich opportunity for comparative criminology may become increasingly accessible as a consequence of the current Chinese effort at modernization. This paper explores the nature of the opportunity and the difficulties that must be surmounted.     

The New Code of Criminal Procedure in the People's Republic of China: Protection,Problems, and Predictions

This paper is a “nuts and bolts” look at criminal procedure in China as outlined by Chinese and Western scholars, the Chinese code of criminal procedure, and my own observations in the People's Republic of China. China has finally formalized, at least to some degree, its criminal justice procedures and protections after years of ad hoc procedures. Also, along with codifications of criminal procedures, the Chinese are making greater use of defense attorneys, and trying to work out their version of “presumption of innocence.” Finally, the Chinese are grappling with these new rules and procedures, attempting to develop a fair and consistent system of criminal procedure that sometimes still gives way to political expedience.     

Environmental Law and Policy in the People's Republic of China

The purpose of this paper is to take a look at the main reasonsfor the apparent ineffectiveness of the environmental regulatoryregime in the People's Republic of China. In order to assessthe current state of China's environmental legislation framework,an overview of all major environmental codifications is provided,firstly, by establishing the institutional and historical contextand, secondly, by reviewing environmental legislation and policies.This examination will reveal that China's environmental protectionregime is surprisingly comprehensive, even though statutorydeficiencies exist, and will highlight enforcement tensionsbetween the centre and the periphery—a result of decentralizationand growing local protectionism—as major obstacles tothe implementation process.     

修改《中华人民共和国海商法》的诉求与时机

从中国航运业和国际国内相关立法发展以及《中华人民共和国海商法》（简称《海商法》）自身不足的角度出发,分析修改《海商法》的必要性,并在此基础上提出,中国海事诉讼与仲裁实践经验以及成体系性的司法解释为《海商法》的修改提供了可能性,而《鹿特丹规则》的出台更为《海商法》的修改提供了时机性。     

中国集体土地所有权论

一、集体土地所有权的意义(一)中国宪法上的土地所有区分原则1982年中国宪法把中国的所有权区分为全民所有权和劳动群众的集体所有权。城市郊外以及农村的土地、法律规定的荒山、荒地等,被规定为集体所有权的对象。原则上的区分是:城市市区的土地是国家所有,农村的土地为集体所有,山地等为国家所有。集体土地被定位为农民的集体所有,它与占中国人口80%的农民休戚相关。本文以中国的集体土地所有权问题为研究对象。这方面的问题有:为什么要区分国家所有与集体所有?二者有何不同?人民公社解体导致集体所有制发生了怎样的变化?集体土地所有权的…     

Policing in the People's Republic of China: a review of recent literature

Recent literature on policing in the People's Republic of China, though very limited, has encompassed a wide range of topics including police organizations, roles and functions, subculture, policing strategies (such as community policing, campaign style policing, and the comprehensive management approach), and a number of issues and problems (such as abuse of power, accountability, and police citizen relations). These studies serve to establish a foundation for a better understanding of the complex social control in China. The present study summarizes the findings of recent research, identifies its limitations, and discusses the directions and challenges in future research.

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《中华人民共和国循环经济促进法》解读

为了配合国家的立法工作,帮助读者更好地学习和运用法律维护权利,本刊从第三期开始开设《新法解读》栏目,以飨读者。     

The system of justice and the concept of human nature in the People's Republic of China

“Love the country! Love the people!” “Serve the four Modernizations!”     

《中华人民共和国民法总则》的制定

《民法总则》的制定过程可以从政治决定与政治推动、立法进程、学者和公众参与三方面进行阐述。《民法总则》在承继《民法通则》相关制度的基础上,又有重大的理论创新,其规定具备体系性与合理性。《民法通则》以来的中国民事立法,曾受到德国民法和前苏俄民法的影响,但是探索和走出了一条具有鲜明中国特色的道路。《民法总则》的制定是我国全面推进依法治国、建设社会主义法治国家的总体战略的重要组成部分,注重对民事权利的保护,提升了公民的人身权地位,实现了维护公有制的经济基础与财产权平等保护之间的合理平衡,充分体现了保护个人信息数据和网络虚拟财产的时代特征、巩固社会主义制度与发展市场经济的历史任务、践行社会主义核心价值观的基本要求以及节约资源、保护生态的发展理念。     

《海商法》的回顾与展望

《中华人民共和国海商法》实施20年来,国际国内航运、贸易市场变化巨大.因此,在坚持《中华人民共和国海商法》基本原则的同时,应根据国内外形势发展的实际情况,回顾该法制定颁布时的相关意见,评估当下该法的调整现状,在此基础上对该法加以健全和完善.     

Life strain, negative emotions, and delinquency: An empirical test of general strain theory in the People's Republic of China

Using a sample of 615 middle school and high school students from both rural and urban areas of the People's Republic of China, this study tests the central hypotheses concerning the mediating model in Agnew's general strain theory. The analyses focus on the intervening mechanisms of negative emotions such as anger, resentment, anxiety, and depression that connect exposure to interpersonal strain with delinquent outcomes, including both serious delinquency and minor offenses. The results show that anger mediates the effect of interpersonal strain on violence, resentment mediates the effect of interpersonal strain on nonviolent delinquency, and anxiety and depression have a mediating effect on the relationships between interpersonal strain and minor offenses. The findings are generally consistent with the results of earlier studies in the United States.     

《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(七)》解读

2009年2月28日,十一届全国人大常委会第七次会议通过了<中华人民共和国刑法修正案(七)>(以下简称<刑法修正案(七)>).<刑法修正案(七)>贯彻宽严相济的刑事政策,既加大了打击严重刑事犯罪活动的力度,又充分保障了公民的合法权益,对侵犯公民人身权利的犯罪、经济犯罪、贪污贿赂犯罪以及其他刑事犯罪的立法内容进行了修改与完善,旗帜鲜明地维护社会秩序、保障公民人权,反映r时代的特征,体现了民众的要求.该修正案的具体内容主要包括以下三个方面:     

从公法到私法:我国《商标法》的应然转向——以我国《商标法》第三次修订为背景

商标法是公法还是私法,是决定其发展方向的关键问题.从法律文本角度而言,我国<商标法>具有浓厚的行政管理色彩,是公法.<商标法(第三次修改送审稿)>进一步巩固和强化了<商标法>的公法属性.然而,不管是国内学界还是国际条约抑或国外立法,都将商标权视为财产权、私权,都将商标法定位为财产法、私法.我国已由高度集权的计划经济向市场经济转型,再将<商标法>定性为公法,已不合时宜.<商标法>在第三次修订时应回归其私法本性,修改立法宗旨、重构商标确权程序、删除不必要的监督管理条款和修订商标侵权判断标准等.