传统元素在中华地区婚姻法律制度上的体现

法律具有民族特性,是民族的共同意识,通过发掘传统婚姻法元素在现代法律制度的体现,能有效地增进法律制度的优势互补,增强两岸四地对中华文明的认同感,形成具有特色的、完善的中华法系。     

论地方院校教学秘书档案管理能力培养

教学秘书的档案管理能力对提高地方高校档案管理水平、促进学校工作连续稳定地推进具有重要意义。采取加强宣传教育、加强岗位培训、建立科学的评价机制等措施可以提高教学秘书档案管理工作能力。     

政策制定中的电子参与:质量、满意度和效率

电子参与的广泛应用,给提高政策质量与合法性带来了机遇,但也带来了不确定性和挑战。本文重点探讨以下几个关键问题:如何促进理性参与,提升电子参与的质量;如何对参与中浮现的各方利益加以协调,使参与者满意并实现各方利益的共赢;如何科学筹划与管理,降低政府信息处理成本和社会参与成本,提高电子参与效率。     

提高军校“思想道德修养与法律基础”课教学实效性的思考

在新的形势下,如何上好"基础"课,不断增强教育教学的针对性、实效性和吸引力、感染力,使"基础"课成为军校学员真心喜爱、终身受益的优秀课程。从如何培养学员学习兴趣入手,在提高学员学习能力的同时,注重发挥社会主义荣辱观在构建军校学员理想人格中的作用。     

Gender Parity and Quotas in Italy: A Convoluted Reform Process

In 1995, two years after the adoption of gender quota laws, the Italian Constitutional Court declared these laws to be unconstitutional. The Constitution was subsequently reformed in order to make way for new quota legislation. Such reforms came in late and in a contradictory way. The Constitution was first modified in 2001 to allow regions to adopt quota measures to enhance women's political representation at the regional level and then in 2003 to allow similar measures to enhance women's political representation at the national and European levels. Thus far, quotas have been introduced only in some regions and for European elections. Consequently, the 2001 and 2003 constitutional reforms have had a limited impact on legislative implementation measures and thus on the percentage of women in elected assemblies.     

Improving Policy Effectiveness: Land Use Planning in a Devolved Polity

Improving public policy efficiency and effectiveness in land use planning is an established priority on the prevailing political agenda in the UK. Practical measures to enhance policy formulation in local land use development plans in Scotland offer an interesting case study of an attempt to improve policy consistency, and to secure efficiency gains in policy authorship. This article considers the specific focus on the drafting stage of public policy‐making drawing on insights provided by research into the production of model policies in Scotland. It questions the extent to which such an initiative will promote a more robust public policy‐making discipline in light of the policy cycle. The discussion of the case study illustrates a practical attempt by central government to enhance public policy‐making at the local level, while raising questions about the dangers of invoking a technocratic and instrumentalist approach to policy analysis.     

Using knowledge for control in fragmented policy arenas

Analysts and researchers typically value knowledge for its contributions to the wisdom of policy action. Policymakers, however, typically value knowledge for its contributions to the exercise of political control. Our research on flows of knowledge among federal, state, and local education agencies documents how knowledge may increase the effectiveness of various control strategies. In these cases, knowledge is not intended to enhance rationality; it may or may not. It is intended to enhance control, and it does. Knowledge for control is particularly useful to policymakers who seek to intervene in policy arenas characterized by fragmented authority and widely dispersed resources.     

Social capital and labor politics in Japan: Cooperation or cooptation?

Policy Sciences - Social capital, derived from voluntary cooperative relationships and memberships, is thought to enhance a group's capacity to attain a common good. Japan enjoys plentiful...     

Risk Management and Risk Avoidance in Agency Decision Making

Despite decades of efforts to enhance the public's role in bureaucratic decision making, citizens still tend to have little influence on the decisions that public managers make. Solutions often focus on the processes or structures of participation, but such changes may be of limited effectiveness if the structure is only part of the problem. Although much research has argued the normative justification for including the public, noting that frameworks that do not encourage genuine participation may diminish rather than enhance public influence, there has been less focus on how participants’ divergent frames of reference may also diminish the influence of public input. This research explores this gap from a risk management perspective, suggesting that public managers tend to view risk as something to be managed, whereas citizens tend to view risk as best avoided.     

突发公共事件应急管理研究中的重要科学问题

当今,各类突发公共事件已成为构建和谐社会的重要隐患,引起了社会各界的广泛关注.认为,加强突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题研究是我国社会经济发展过程中产生的重大现实需求,对于建立和发展富有中国特色的应急管理理论以及相应的学科体系具有重要的科学意义;在此基础上,将突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题归纳为突发公共事件应急管理体系建设战略研究、典型突发公共事件危机/灾害的机理机制研究、突发公共事件的监测预警研究、应急资源管理理论与技术研究、突发公共事件的认知与决策行为研究、突发公共事件的模拟仿真研究、突发公共事件的应急管理系统研究以及突发公共事件的后评估与重建研究,并对其研究现状和发展趋势进行了扼要的回顾和展望;最后建议国家有关部门设立重大研究计划以便加强研究力度,并就如何提炼和组织其中的科学问题提出了一些建议,可为我国开展突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题研究提供参考.     

社会管理创新的市场化导向研究

在我国,市场化为导向的社会管理创新原则要求:要把握政府的经济能力界限,培育市场经济赖以生存的土壤;把竞争引入到公共行政领域,建立公共服务的竞争机制;采取更为严厉的市场管理手段,维护市场经济秩序,培育市场活动参与者的规则意识和市场意识。     

对新时期维护公安民警执法权的思考

新时期公安民警执法权的必然延伸,对维护公安民警执法权提出了新的更高要求.面对公安民警执法权行使中的困境,应在平衡权力关系、提高执法素质和能力、加强制度建设和营造良好的执法环境等方面付诸努力.     

政府廉政评价的公民参与机制研究

构建政府廉政评价的公民参与机制,可以促使公民建立对反腐倡廉的理性认知,增强党和政府廉政工作公信力,提升公民满意度。依据参与深度的渐次推进,公民参与廉政评价对廉政建设能够发挥象征功能、鉴定功能、诊断功能、监督功能、战略功能。案例梳理表明,在当前中国各地政府实践探索中,政府廉政评价已逐步从内部评价走向引入民意调查和第三方评估,公民参与正处于从"无效参与"向"有限参与"的推进阶段,只是参与式评价的政府主导色彩仍然浓重。要想进一步增强公民参与廉政评价的动力,使公民在廉政评价动态过程的各环节实现主体身份,关键在于激发被评价对象和参与者两个方面的内在动因,形成公民参与的拉力和推力,进而从"理念—制度—环境—手段"四维度构建公民自主、有序、有效参与廉政评价的合理机制。     

新时期高校师德师风建设在构建和谐教育中的地位和作用

师德师风是培养新世纪合格人才、优化教师队伍结构、提高自身素质的客观需要.我们一定要站在"以人为本"、"科学发展"和"构建和谐社会"的高度来认识师德师风的重要性和必要性,重视师德师风问题,增强搞好师德师风建设的紧迫感和责任感,把这项活动作为学校可持续发展系统工程的重要环节,集中精力抓紧抓好,为高校的改革发展提供强大的精神力量,奠定坚实的思想基础,创造崭新的文化积淀.     

谈铁路反暴力恐怖中的防范与保卫

铁路联系着国民经济的各行各业,往往是恐怖分子进行恐怖活动的首选目标。事实上来自新疆、西藏等地的“东 突”、“藏独”民族分裂势力、暴力恐怖势力、宗教极端势力已对铁路构成了严重威胁。面对严峻的恐怖敌情,我们必须加强防 范与保卫工作,通过提高安全意识、加强安全措施,对可能遭受恐怖袭击的目标进行保护,防范潜在的恐怖威胁。根据铁路的 实际情况,防范工作重点是:建立和完善反暴力恐怖协调机制;加强反暴力恐怖宣传教育工作,树立全民防范意识;明确目标, 落实责任;运用手段,获取情报;加强对危险物品的监督管理。     

公安队伍纪律风险防控探析

加强风险防控,及时掌握、主动化解队伍纪律作风建设中潜在的风险,是确保队伍稳定的有效方法.只有积极探索,努力构建由教育、监督、惩处等机制构成的立体化防控体系,才能有效遏制队伍违法违纪问题的发生.     

国家创新:制度与观念的变革

建设创新型国家作为中国社会新时期的发展战略,其内涵不仅仅局限于技术和微观经济制度的创新层面,更需要一种全方位的社会制度的变革和观念的革新.要大力提升整个社会的自组织能力,推动整个社会的管理体制、生产和生活方式的变革；要适应时代的复杂性和不确定性,探索创新的内在规律,建立一种学习型战略,增进战略思维能力.     

校园文化在高校思想政治教育中的重要作用研究

校园文化具有重要的育人功能,校园文化活动又是学生思想教育中最容易被学生接受的方式之一,因此,大力加强校园文化建设,努力建设好高校校园文化,充分发挥其在大学生思想政治教育中的重要作用,对加强和改进大学生思想政治教育工作具有重要意义。拟从校园文化与大学生思想政治教育关系的视角,在如何加强高校校园文化建设,拓展思想政治教育工作新途径方面作初步探讨。     

双向交流在构建馆读和谐中的作用

双向交流对构建和谐的馆读关系具有重要作用。馆读双方应灵活采取多种交流方式，消除交流障碍，提高交流质量，促进馆读和谐。     

Defense Business Operating Fund: Description and Implementation Issues

The Defense Business Operating Fund initiative in the Department of Defense (DoD) consolidates existing industrial and stock funds. This initiative is intended to enhance the departmental management of an estimated $81 billion sale of goods and services in fiscal year 1993. Revolving funds have a long history in the department. This article examines the role of revolving funds and their performance in DoD. The potential benefits of consolidation of funds are discussed. Emphasis is given to budgetary, management, and accounting changes intended to enhance management of the funds. The effect of implementation issues on the realization of potential benefits is also explored.