岳宁涉黑案的特点、成因及类似犯罪的防控对策研究

岳宁涉黑案既具有我国黑社会性质组织犯罪的一般性特点,也有其个别性特点。一般性特点使本案成立黑社会性质组织犯罪,个别性特点使该案的犯罪组织具有人员构成多样性、组织控制的特殊性以及组织形态的中级性。本案的成因主要源于社会转型的影响、个别腐败官员的庇护和纵容、社会亚文化的侵蚀,以及社会失范及个体成员社会化等问题所导致的组织成员形成的不良人格缺陷等因素。为防控类似违法犯罪的滋生和成长,应针对这些因素采取相应对策。     

国际合作--打击跨国有组织犯罪的基石

随着经济全球化、全球信息化的快速发展 ,有组织犯罪活动日益猖獗 ,并已成为全球关注的问题。从世界范围来看 ,不仅对什么是有组织犯罪及其范围引起了广泛的讨论 ,而且从立法和司法的角度对有组织犯罪进行了大量的对策研究 ,特别是从国际合作层面上加强刑法的一体化 ,共同打击跨国有组织犯罪越来越引起人们的关注。就我国而言 ,无论在立法上还是司法上尚存很大缺陷 ,需要进一步加以完善。为促进对这一问题的深入探讨 ,特请我国著名刑法学家、刑法学泰斗马克昌先生主持并组织了本组稿件     

论有组织犯罪的社会对策

随着经济全球化、全球信息化的快速发展 ,有组织犯罪活动日益猖獗 ,并已成为全球关注的问题。从世界范围来看 ,不仅对什么是有组织犯罪及其范围引起了广泛的讨论 ,而且从立法和司法的角度对有组织犯罪进行了大量的对策研究 ,特别是从国际合作层面上加强刑法的一体化 ,共同打击跨国有组织犯罪越来越引起人们的关注。就我国而言 ,无论在立法上还是司法上尚存很大缺陷 ,需要进一步加以完善。为促进对这一问题的深入探讨 ,特请我国著名刑法学家、刑法学泰斗马克昌先生主持并组织了本组稿件     

有组织犯罪--全球关注的问题

随着经济全球化、全球信息化的快速发展 ,有组织犯罪活动日益猖獗 ,并已成为全球关注的问题。从世界范围来看 ,不仅对什么是有组织犯罪及其范围引起了广泛的讨论 ,而且从立法和司法的角度对有组织犯罪进行了大量的对策研究 ,特别是从国际合作层面上加强刑法的一体化 ,共同打击跨国有组织犯罪越来越引起人们的关注。就我国而言 ,无论在立法上还是司法上尚存很大缺陷 ,需要进一步加以完善。为促进对这一问题的深入探讨 ,特请我国著名刑法学家、刑法学泰斗马克昌先生主持并组织了本组稿件     

Native American Youth Gangs

ABSTRACT

The number of Native American youth gangs has increased dramatically since the 1990s. These gangs bring increases in crime and pose unique challenges to tribal leaders and local police departments. Using an integrated theoretical perspective, this article connects cultural and historical factors to explain the emergence of gangs in Indian country, identify risk factors for gang involvement, and outline important considerations for effective prevention and intervention strategies. It is expected that an improved understanding of Native American culture and experiences combined with the implementation of culturally-appropriate prevention and intervention programs will lead to more positive outcomes.     

“杨天庆涉黑案”的特点、成因与防控类似违法犯罪的对策

“杨天庆涉黑案”是重庆2009年“打黑大审判”第一案。该案既有我国黑社会性质组织的一般特点,也有其个别化特点,前者使本案成立黑社会性质组织犯罪,后者使该犯罪具有残暴性、隐蔽性和迷惑性。该黑社会性质犯罪组织的滋生和形成,主要源于溺爱型的家庭教育、基层行政执法不力、重庆的“袍哥文化”、刑满释放人员等的社会化不足问题等因素。为防控类似违法犯罪的滋生和蔓延,应针对这些因素采取相应对策。     

Organized Crime in Africa

This paper examines the extent to which the crime problem—adult crime and juvenile delinquency—in general and elements of organized crime in particular have surfaced in the 1960's and 1970's in the new states of Africa. That is, it touches on what observers of the African scene used to say about it as a point of departure. The emergence of the crime problem in the 1960's and 1970's is mentioned in order to provide the logical linkage between the existence of the crime problem in general and the emergence of organized crime in particular in some of these states.

The extent to which organized crime in the new states of Africa resembles in other parts of the world, particularly in the United States and in Western European countries, is examined in terms of definition and organizational structure. In the latter case, the examination is done in order to briefly shed some light on such aspects as the scope of legitimate and illegitimate activities and the impact of organized crime on the new states of Africa.

By way of summary, implications of the study of organized crime in the new states of Africa are examined in so far as they have a bearing on the development of African criminology, and the latter, in turn, in its contribution to nation-building.     

有组织犯罪之对策研究

要有效防治有组织犯罪,必须兼顾社会对策和刑事法律对策,二者不可偏废。在社会对策方面,宏观上,必须加强政治、经济、文化的建设;微观上,必须加强社会保障体系、金融机构管控、流动人口管理、枪枝弹药等危险物品管理。在刑事法律对策方面,应完善刑事立法,明文规定有组织犯罪的单位主体,完善刑法总则中刑事责任、刑罚方面的规定;提高有组织犯罪法定刑,引入财产刑。在刑事司法制度方面,尽快成立专门防治有组织犯罪的专门机构,允许检察机关对有组织犯罪立案侦查,借鉴污点证人司法豁免制度,加强对证人的保护,加强国际区际刑事司法协助。     

有组织犯罪：日本文化的产物

一、简介 雅库札或称暴力团,象日本的"警察派出所"(如街头警察站)、"盆景"、出口的汽车、电器一样都是日本的文化产物,并广为西方人所知.以暴力团为主题的专门介绍是由A.Uchiyama提供的.在对日本的有组织犯罪进行全面地说明之前,笔者先介绍日本这个国家,以便读者更好地理解日本的文化背景.这种文化背景与上面提到的日本高度发达的工业化国家及其特殊的文化两方面都有着密切的关系.     

Emerging Organized Crime in Chicago

Organized crime is now international in scope and unrestricted by geographical borders. Better organized, more sophisticated, and using high-tech equipment the criminals have developed connections with so-called 'traditional organized crime'. This paper examines in detail the wave of organized criminal activity which has developed in Chicago and has now become entrenched through alliances with existing criminal groups.     

Traditional Organized Crime in Chicago

For 78 years the Chicago Outfit or Mob has been the focus of the Chicago Crime Commission's1 efforts to combat organized crime. Indeed, the perception of organized crime in Chicago, as well as much of the city's reputation, stems from the notorious, and often inappropriately glamorized, activities of the Outfit from Al Capone in the 1930s through John DiFronzo in the 1990s. While the Outfit is most certainly still alive, much of the organized criminal activity presently targeting Chicago and its suburbs is perpetrated by new and emerging criminal enterprises. These groups range from local burglary rings to highly sophisticated international criminal organizations headquartered in Asia, Eastern Europe, Africa and South America, involved in corporate kidnapping and extortion, murder-for-hire, high-tech crime and drug trafficking. All require public attention and relentless law enforcement scrutiny. This paper deals with traditional organized crime in Chicago. Emerging Organized Crime will be dealt with in a forthcoming paper.     

帮会文化与有组织犯罪

帮会文化是反映帮会生存方式、活动方式、行为准则、伦理关系、帮内规矩、价值观念的文化。它与有组织犯罪有着不可分割的内在联系 ,在有组织犯罪形成发展中起着精神动力的作用。就其实质而言 ,黑社会性质犯罪组织完全是一种现代化了的帮会 ,是帮会文化哺育出来的一个毒瘤。因此 ,彻底批判帮会文化 ,肃清其流毒 ,并切实加强先进文化建设 ,是扼制有组织犯罪的根本之策     

论有组织犯罪研究--十年回顾、评价与前瞻

我国学界在1994-2004年十年间对有组织犯罪研究取得重大成果,出版专著20部,论文发表近700篇,并形成自己的研究特点。十年间学者围绕着有组织犯罪的基本概念、有组织犯罪现象的科学解释,治理对策进行深入探讨,但有组织犯罪是一种新型的复杂犯罪现象,随着社会的演变发展,呈现出新的特征,这就亟待学界克服已经研究的缺陷与不足,推动有组织犯罪研究向纵深发展。