猪支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离鉴定及部分生物学特性的研究

为了解猪支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)在四川规模化猪场的感染情况,为猪支气管败血波氏杆菌的诊断及临床治疗提供参考,本研究从四川省5个猪场采取具有呼吸道症状的猪鼻腔棉拭子16份,采用改良Sm ith培养基分离该菌,通过对该菌的生长特性、菌落形态和革兰染色菌体形态和排列方式进行观察以及对特异性基因fla和D nt进行PCR检测,共分离鉴定出4株Bb,该菌从猪场中的分离率为80%(4/5),猪个体阳性率为25%(4/16)。小鼠皮肤坏死试验结果表明,小鼠颈部皮下注射分离菌粗提的Dnt毒素后,注射局部皮肤坏死,剖检见脾萎缩、肺充血和肝边缘坏死。药敏试验结果表明,分离菌株对头孢唑啉、四环素、环丙沙星等14种抗生素高度敏感,对氨苄西林、杆菌肽、复方新诺明等7种抗生素耐药率较高,试验结果说明,四川省猪群中存在致病性较强的猪支气管败血波氏杆菌,为选用敏感抗菌药物预防和治疗Bb病提供了依据。     

山羊溶血性曼氏杆菌2型的分离鉴定

为了确定某养殖场奶山羊细菌性感染导致死亡的具体病原种类,从送检的肺和肝组织病料中分离纯化细菌。通过生化培养特性观察、16S rRNA和毒力基因的PCR扩增、血清型鉴定、药敏试验和致病性试验来鉴定病原种类。结果显示,从送检的组织中分离出2株革兰阴性球杆菌;16S rRNA和毒力基因LKT测序结果表明,所分离的病原菌为溶血性曼氏杆菌,血清型鉴定均为溶血性曼氏杆菌A2型,故可确定分离株为具有致病性的溶血性曼氏杆菌2型。药敏试验结果显示,分离株对羧苄西林、庆大霉素敏感,对氨苄西林、卡那霉素等中度敏感,而对复方新诺明具有耐药性。小鼠致病性试验表明,接种分离株后小鼠于24 h内陆续死亡,并从剖检小鼠肺中也检测到溶血性曼氏杆菌,表明该菌有一定的致病力。结果表明,造成山羊死亡的主要病原是溶血性曼氏杆菌,这为溶血性曼氏杆菌病的临床用药提供了参考。     

獭兔支气管败血波氏杆菌病的诊治

20 0 1年 2～ 4月 ,四川省雅安市某兔场饲养的獭兔出现呼吸困难、精神沉郁、食欲下降 ,随后发生零星死亡。发病后采取了一些治疗措施 ,但未能控制病情。笔者通过对病兔和死亡兔病料的细菌学检查 ,分离培养出 1株支气管败血波氏杆菌 (Ｂｏｒｄｅ ｔｅｌｌａｂｒｏｎｃｈｉｓｅｐｔｉｃａ) ,并结合发病兔群的流行病学特征、临床症状和病理变化 ,确诊为獭兔支气管败血波氏杆菌病。兔支气管败血波氏杆菌病是由支气管败血波氏杆菌引起的以鼻炎、支气管炎和脓疱性肺炎为特征的传染病 ,近年来在四川省大中型养兔场时有发生。本病主要通过飞沫传播 ,…     

兔支气管败血波氏杆菌病的诊断

波氏杆菌属中的支气管败血波氏杆菌在家兔主要引起仔兔和幼龄兔发生支气管肺炎,而成年兔感染后多表现为慢性鼻炎,对养兔业危害较大。为了有效地诊断与防治本病,我们对所分离的30株支气管败血波氏杆菌培养特性进行了观察,并对发病兔群中的临床健康兔做了 血清学抽样检验。 (一)材料和方法 1.细菌的分离培养:从不同日龄的发病死亡兔分别采取肺、肝、脾、肾、心血等病料划线接种于10％绵羊脱纤血琼脂和麦康凯琼脂平板上,37℃需氧培养48小时后,选取典型菌落做成纯培养以供鉴定。     

黑叶猴源肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

从急性死亡的黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi)肺中分离到1株革兰阴性杆菌,并对分离菌株进行形态学、培养特性和生化特性的鉴定,结果符合肺炎克雷伯菌的特征。根据GenBank上的肺炎克雷伯菌的16S rRNA序列设计引物,对分离菌株进行16S rRNA扩增,获得片段大小约为1 433 bp的特异性片段,将扩增片段进行序列测定后登录NCBI进行Blast分析。结果显示,与登录号为GU128173的肺炎克雷伯菌AUH-BG208株核苷酸序列相似性最高,为99%。同时对分离株进行药敏试验,结果显示,该分离菌株对头孢类、氨基甙类、喹诺酮类等抗生素高度敏感,而对四环素、林可霉素等抗生素产生耐药性。     

猪场猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎净化技术--病原分离及其特性研究

从临床上有明显咳嗽、流涕、鼻梁和鼻甲骨变形的20～60日龄仔猪的鼻拭子分离到12株细菌,经形态观察、培养特性、生化试验和动物感染试验,证明分离菌为支气管败血波氏杆菌(Brodetella bronchiseptica).该菌周身鞭毛、能运动,为革兰氏阴性小杆菌;在鲜血琼脂平板上产生β-溶血,在马铃薯浸液培养基上生长良好形成黄棕色略带绿色的菌落,在改良马丁琼脂上形成表面光滑、隆起、针尖大的菌落;不利用糖类,V-P、MR试验为阴性,尿素分解酶、过氧化氢酶、氧化酶、柠檬酸盐利用试验均为阳性;人工接种豚鼠能引起典型病变,从死亡豚鼠腹水中回收到接种细菌.     

猪喘气病病原的研究

四川省乐山市某猪场的猪发生以咳嗽、气喘为主要症状的呼吸道疾病,取病猪新鲜肺组织进行分离培养检出了猪肺炎霉形体(Mycoplasma hyopneunloniae)XY-1株及支气管败血波氏杆菌(Boidatella bronchisepticai)JYZ3株;利用分离的2株病原菌制成灭活苗,对猪进行免疫,预防效果达80%以上.     

猪支气管败血波氏杆菌PCR诊断方法的建立及应用

根据支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bordetella bronchiseptica)鞭毛蛋白基因的上游序列设计了1对引物fla1和fla2,扩增出大小为237 bp的目的基因片段,建立了快速检测支气管败血波氏杆菌的PCR方法。特异性和敏感性试验表明,该方法对大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和D型多杀性巴氏杆菌均无交叉性反应;最低能够检出112.5 pg的模板DNA。用该PCR法检测了从延边州采集的48份表现不同临床症状的猪鼻黏液;结果,检出支气管败血波氏杆菌阳性42例,阳性率为87.5%。同时与传统的细菌检查法、微量凝集法进行了比较;结果显示,该PCR法的检出率是细菌检查法的5.25倍,是微量凝集法的1.75倍。     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌贵州流行株的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

为了解贵州省鸭疫里默氏杆菌(Riemrella anatipestifer,RA)的流行血清型和耐药情况,本试验对贵州省三穗县4个养鸭场和安顺市某养鸭场临床疑似RA感染的病鸭进行细菌分离鉴定,并对分离菌进行致病性和耐药性分析。结果显示,从疑似病料中分离到5株病原菌,分离菌的菌落形态、菌体形态、生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列均与RA相符;5株分离菌有4株为血清2型,1株能与血清3型和血清11型RA阳性血清发生交叉凝集;动物回归试验显示,所有分离菌均可导致雏鸭发病死亡,且能复制出典型RA感染临床症状;药敏试验结果显示,所有分离菌对部分氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、四环素类和氟苯尼考类抗菌药物高度耐药,对部分半合成的青霉素类和头孢类抗菌药物高度敏感;耐药基因检测结果显示,所有分离菌均携带aac(6′)-Ib、oqxA、ermF、tet(X)、floR和IntI1等6种耐药基因,与药敏试验表型相符。结果表明,贵州省三穗县目前主要流行RA血清2型,该血清型致病性强且对多种抗菌药物耐药。本试验结果为贵州省鸭疫里默氏杆菌病的防控提供了参考依据。     

产毒素多杀巴氏杆菌在猪萎缩性鼻炎病因中的作用研究——支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒素多杀巴氏杆菌对仔猪的实验感染

本试验用约8万个以上支气管败血波氏杆菌Ⅰ相活菌滴鼻感染1周龄仔猪,产生了严重的鼻甲骨萎缩,但不发展成持续性临床型萎缩性鼻炎。相反,仔猪先用致中等度鼻腔病变(约6万个活菌)甚至肉眼不明显病变(约5千个活菌)以下的支气管败血波氏杆菌滴鼻感染后,再接种产毒素多杀巴氏杆菌,则产生严重至完全的鼻甲骨萎缩,并有临床型病例出现,与自然感染发病相同,实验结果证实,产毒素多杀巴氏杆菌可以起到加剧支气管败血波氏杆菌引起的猪萎缩性鼻炎病演过程的作用。结论认为,这两种细菌在猪鼻腔的混合感染是持续性临床型萎缩性鼻炎的病因。     

The Development of EU-Russian Relations

The EU＇s strategy for Russia since the end of the cold war has to a large extent failed, and the direct consequences are the currently deadlocked EU-Russia relationship. There are three reasons for this： the EU and Russia＇s respective strength and status relative to each other have been changing since the beginning of this century; the EU＇s strategy towards Russia has been more fragmenting in recently years; and the American factor. The EU-Russia relations could continue to be in poor shape in the years to come, and it is very likely sometimes even further worsening. But the two sides would refrain from extreme measures and prevent their relations from sliding into real cold war.     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

The Balance Between Coercion and Accommodation

1. Introduction
On the morning of April 1st, 2001, a U.S. EP-3 surveillance aircraft was conducting an intelligence flight along the Chinese territorial border in the airspace south-east of China＇s Hainan Island. Two Chinese fighter jets intercepted the spy plane and followed its flight, as is considered ordinary international practice. For reasons unknown, the EP-3 airplane made a sudden maneuver and crashed into one of the Chinese planes. The Chinese plane dropped into the sea, the pilot missing. The U.S. spy plane was also severely damaged. It intruded into Chinese territorial space and landed on Hainan Island without official permission from the Chinese side. After landing, the spy plane and 24 crew on board were detained by the Chinese authorities. This air collision episode was the first of its kind in the China-U.S. relations and an urgent diplomatic crisis ensued.     

U.S. and East Asian Integration

the U.S. is directly impacting on the future of the East Asian community. Therefore, finding ways to get along with the U.S. is crucial to the speed, direction, configuration and character of the East Asian community. In this paper, the author has analyzed the interests of the United States in East Asia and its stands towards the East Asian integration. The author concludes that it is to the interest of the United States to make more efforts to further join in the East Asian integration. And East Asia should accept and welcome the American participation.     

CAFIU Honorary Vice-President Wang Zhizhen Visited Turkey,Sudan and Attended the Third China-Africa People's Forum

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CAFIU Delegation Visited Sri Lanka and Attended the Third China-Africa People's Forum in Sudan

正At the invitation of Sri Lanka-China Friendship Association(SLCFA)and Sudan Network for National Non-Governmental Organizations,a 5-member delegation led by CAFIU Deputy Secretary-General Liu Kaiyang visited Sri Lanka and attended the Third China-Africa People’s Forum held in Sudan from May 7 to 14,2014.As a member of this delegation,I had the great honor     

South Asian NGO Delegation Visiting China

正At the invitation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU),a 10-member NGO delegation composed of representatives from media,think tanks and NGOs from Bangladesh,India and Sri Lanka visited China from April 9 to 18.On the second day of arrival,the delegation visited Xicheng District Administrative Service Center.The center provides such services as     

Building A Platform for Understanding and Establishing Channels for Cooperation——Notes on the 2014 “Understanding & Cooperation” Dialogue

正From June 16 to 18,the 2014"UnderstandingCooperation"Dialogue and Forum on Rethinking Asia,co-hosted by CAFIU and FES and jointly organized with China Foundation for Peace and Development,was held in Tutzing,a beautiful and spacious manor located at 30km southwest of Munich.Nearly 60 delegates from more than 10Asian and European countries participated in the event,including China,Germany,Korea,Japan,     

The Second Sino-US Maritime Security Workshop Held in CIIS

正On September 25-26,2014,CIIS and Hoover Institution,Stanford University jointly held the Second Sino-US Maritime Security Workshop in Beijing.CIIS President Qu Xing and Abraham Sofall,senior research fellow with the Hoover Institution,codelivered the opening remarks.Representatives from China's Ministry of National Defense,     

俄白哈关税同盟的发展及其影响（英文）

In recent years, the Eurasian Economic Community has developed rapidly. Because of the special relationship between the SCO and the Customs Because Customs Union, the latter will inevitably exert some influence on the development of the former, but they are not fundamentally contradictory. Since the of the establishment of the Customs Union, the trade between China and the Customs Union members grows steadily.