广西壮族习惯法探究

文章对广西壮族习惯法的起源、产生、发展与运行进行了探究,认为壮族习惯法起源于宗教禁忌,萌芽于原始社会时期,形成于春秋末期的部落联盟时代,稳定于秦代,成熟于汉代,成文于清代。并依靠大小头人制度传承运行。这些习惯法对于保证壮民族地区社会秩序的正常运转,维护壮民族地区的共同利益,促进壮民族地区的发展起过重大作用。     

农业劳动价值萎缩与农业体面劳动困境:关联逻辑与双重治理

与其他学者观点不同,在马克思看来农业劳动价值萎缩是资本诞生后工农业和城乡分离必然带来的结果。立足马克思的劳动价值理论分析,农业劳动价值萎缩必然带来的是农民经济收入减少以及由此造成的收入不可预期,而这与影响农业体面劳动的关键因素是一致的,据此农业劳动价值萎缩和农业体面劳动困境之间存在着深刻的关联逻辑。当代中国农业劳动价值和体面问题主要表现在农村青壮年不断外流、农民工返乡从事农业生产积极性低、农村老弱留守抗风险能力低等方面,事实上这些表现与家庭联产承包无法有效匹配市场、劳动力与市场脱钩、涉农企业利润压缩以及家庭社会伦理因素密切相关。新时代要破解这一难题需要坚持农业劳动价值和体面劳动双重治理的思路,在宏观层面全面深化农村经济体制的市场化改革,在中观层面需要从农村基础设施、企业和媒体角度不断优化涉农环境,在微观层面需要全面加强农民教育不断激发农民的主体性意识。     

高校共青团组织对大学生思想引领现状及路径探寻——来自甘肃6所高校的调查研究

进入新世纪以来，大学生的思想意识和价值取向呈现出新的特点。作为党联系青年学生的桥梁和纽带，高校共青团组织对于大学生思想的引领具有重要意义。本研究经过对甘肃省6所高校大学生问卷调查结果的分析，全面反映了高校共青团组织对大学生思想引领的现状，力图发现高校共青团组织在大学生思想引领工作中取得的成绩和存在的问题，并尝试提出促进高校共青团组织对大学生思想引领的路径探寻，以求更好的促进高校共青团学生工作的发展。     

Women's Political Participation in China: in whose interests elections?

This article takes up the issue of women's political participation in village committees in China. Of interest is the decline in and continuing low level of women's political participation in village governance structures in the reform period, and particularly following the widespread introduction of competitive village elections since 1988. The dominant explanation given for women's numerical under-representation in village committees, and in politics more generally, focuses on women's lack of self-confidence, which inhibits them from standing as candidates, and on the enduring drag of ‘feudal’ attitudes, which construct women as inferior to men, and therefore not capable of leadership. These two factors combined have in turn a material effect, as son-preference advantages boys in access to basic schooling, who thus, particularly in poorer rural areas, end up with higher levels of education, and greater opportunities in waged employment. The common solution adopted by the All-China Women's Federation (ACWF), China's largest women's organisation, lies in a two-pronged attack: first in the ideological realm, targeting men and women's sexist attitudes and concomitantly promoting a discourse of equality, and second, in the material realm by raising women's skills. It is argued here that this dominant text on women's under-representation in village committees masks a more complex conjuncture of variables that shape women's position in local politics. Social practices, economic structures, institutional norms and procedures, and political culture all prey on, revitalise and reproduce gendered notions of the appropriate place of women and men in political life.     

Mutual Promotion between the Chinese Dream and the Human Rights Protection in China

The Chinese Dream is not only the dream of rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,but also the dream of human rights of the Chinese people.To accurately understand the shared root and origin of the Chinese Dream and the protection of human rights in China,we must understand that the Chinese Dream provides new strategic guidance for the protection of human rights in China,and the protection of human rights in China is an important measure to promote the realization of the Chinese Dream.To realize the Chinese Dream in the new era,Chinass human rights protection must always be people-centered,and adhere to the resolution of the main social contradictions in the new era.On the basis of raising the awareness of the whole Party and society to respect and protect human rights,we should remove obstacles and barriers to human rights protection and promote the building of a community with a shared future for human beings.At the same time,the protection of human rights in China in the new era must be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.We must adhere to the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics,and study and solve various practical problems of human rights protection in China in the course of upholding integrity and innovation,so as to promote the realization of the Chinese Dream.Upholding the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the fundamental guarantee for realizing the Chinese Dream and protecting human rights in China.We must unswervingly follow the CPC's lead and open up a new stage in the development of Chinas' human rights cause in the new era on the great journey to the Chinese Dream.     

略论高校后勤文化建设的原则、内容和方法

高校后勤文化建设是高校后勤职工按照“三服务、三育人”的宗旨,在长期的管理、服务过程中逐渐形成的具有后勤特色的思想理念、价值标准、管理模式、行为规范以及与之相联系的各项制度的总和。是落实党的“始终代表中国先进文化前进方向”的具体体现,是推进后勤改革与发展的迫切需要,也是打造一支高素质后勤队伍的根本途径。本文就高校后勤文化建设问题,从遵循的原则、实施的内容以及方法、要求等方面进行了扼要的阐述。     

Disparities between social and economic development in Guangdong

China has achieved almost double‐digit annual economic growth since Deng Xiaoping launched market‐oriented economic reforms and open policies in 1978. Nevertheless, social development in China has lagged behind. This paper is concerned with the disparities between social and economic developmental trends in China, with particular reference to Guangdong Province. Having benefited by the open and reform policies since 1979, Guangdong Province has experienced rapid economic growth, especially in industrialization and urbanization. When compared with the spectacular development in its economy, social advancement in Guangdong has, however, appeared to remain far behind. The vast majority of the people in the province, especially the peasants in rural areas, and those who serve as contracted workers in factories, construction sites, or for the private sector in cities, are not protected by any systematic form of social security. This paper argues that the malpractice of local governments is the major factor leading to these divergent processes of economic and social development.     

全球化给我们的工作和生活带来了什么?--兼论我国现阶段男女不平等的原因、性质及特点

全球化是一个影响广泛而深远的不可逆过程.在这一过程中,各国的经济、政治及文化相互融合、相互作用,使全球变成一个互相依赖、互相关联的整体.全球化对我国男女两性工作和生活的影响需要跨学科的深入分析.本文认为,生产、投资、服务及公共部门的国际化、市场化及私有化是全球化的基本特征.国际化、市场化及私有化过程给我国男女两性的工作和生活带来了重要影响.因此,探讨我国现阶段男女不平等的性质、特点及原因不能忽视全球化的国际背景和深刻影响.     

Are there Gangs in Schools?

Abstract

In the past, juvenile gang researchers have focused primarily on the characteristics of gangs and the prevalence of gangs in communities and schools. One of the greatest limitations of this research, however, surrounds the lack of agreement on the definition of a gang and, consequently, the prevalence of gangs in the community and in schools. In this paper, we attempt to provide a new method to (1) define a gang, from a triangulation of the perspectives of law enforcement, school principals, and gang researchers and (2) estimate the prevalence of gangs in schools in a three-state region. We determine that the type of definition used dramatically impacts estimates of the prevalence of gangs in schools. The limitations and implications of this finding for school administrators and law enforcement are also discussed.

In the past, juvenile gang researchers have focused primarily on the characteristics of gangs and the prevalence of gangs in communities and schools. One of the greatest limitations of this research, however, surrounds the lack of agreement on the definition of a gang and, consequently, the prevalence of gangs in the community and in schools. In this paper, we attempt to provide a new method to (1) define a gang, from a triangulation of the perspectives of law enforcement, school principals, and gang researchers and (2) estimate the prevalence of gangs in schools in a three-state region. We determine that the type of definition used dramatically impacts estimates of the prevalence of gangs in schools. The limitations and implications of this finding for school administrators and law enforcement are also discussed.     

重在城乡统筹“制度统筹”

制度障碍是城乡二元结构的主要原因。“制度统筹”是城乡统筹的关键所在。当前必须进行一场制度革命,大力推进我国农村的法律制度、组织制度、土地制度、教育制度、财政金融制度的配套“制度统筹”。     

形式本体论:新时期文艺的价值取向

形式本体论是新时期中国文艺从实践到理论都曾积极追求过的价值取向之一.这一文艺思潮首先表现在作家的创作实践层面,然后是文学批评家们的形式批评,最后上升为文艺理论家们的文艺形式本体理论的建构,这一思潮自有其产生的合理原因,也有其不足.     

性别与劳动研究:理论、概念与启发

本文从劳动社会学角度梳理了西方性别与劳动研究的理论来源、重要概念和对中国研究的启发。本文厘清了马克思主义女性主义对劳动研究的批判和拓展,这些拓展包括推动劳动研究关注公共领域中的双重不平等,以及打破私人领域与公共领域之间的边界,关注私人领域的情绪、身体表征、审美和亲密关系的商品化及其对劳动者的影响。同时,本文还对性别与劳动研究的几个重要概念——"情绪劳动"、"情感劳动"以及"身体劳动"、"审美劳动"和"亲密劳动"之间的关联和差异进行了梳理,提出在中国进行性别与劳动研究需要考虑本土文化、国家、经济转型模式和全球化的影响。     

对19世纪英国妇女运动的理论考察

本文探寻了英国女权运动的源头,分析了19世纪英国女权运动的特征。英国女权运动由中产阶级客厅里的知识女性发起,在宪政范围内为妇女的平等权利而不懈奋斗。她们在妇女的受教育权、监护权、离婚权、财产权方面首先取得突破,并在地方政治中实现了一定的权利,从而在与男子的平等权利和地位上迈出了第一步,实现了从他人的附属物到独立的人的转变。这一切,是女权运动先驱者奋斗的结果,也是英国经济、政治民主化的必然产物,还是英吉利民族在经验中求实、男性社会理性思考的结果。     

诗与词的异代交响——李贺、吴文英艺术风格比较

中唐诗人李贺,晚宋词人吴文英,皆以其戛戛独造的艺术成就卓然自立。虽然他们的时代各异、文体有别,但却在艺术表现方面有着相似之处。其一,在语言的铸造上都追求炼字炼句,必新必奇。其二,在色彩的运用上都好以浓墨重彩之笔抒写人生和悲情。其三,在作品的意境美感方面都呈现出奇谲诞幻、哀艳冷隽的特色。对二者艺术风格的比较分析,有助于我们认识李贺诗歌的深远影响、吴文英创作的艺术渊源,以及诗与词的流变。     

水果中亚硝酸盐含量的测定及分析

采用盐酸萘乙二胺法对市场所售的苹果、香蕉、甜梨、橙子、桔子等15种水果中亚硝酸盐的含量进行分析测定。结果表明,15种水果中均含有亚硝酸盐,其中亚硝酸盐含量最低的是柚子,最高的是西瓜。由于国家尚未出台水果中亚硝酸盐残留量的标准,参考中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T18406.1-2001对蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量做出的限量要求:NaNO2≤4.0(mg/kg),可知,15种水果中,西瓜、特小凤西瓜、甜梨、烟台梨亚硝酸盐超标,其它水果亚硝酸盐含量较低。15种水果中亚硝酸盐含量的特点是,南方水果中亚硝酸盐含量普遍低于北方水果,尤其是柑橘类水果亚硝酸盐含量都很低。     

诱惑侦查在经济犯罪侦查中的司法应用

诱惑侦查是刑事侦查手段之一,是侦查智慧和谋略的体现,但在我国经济犯罪侦查 中,它没有法律依据予以支持。为了有效地打击经济犯罪,我国应当对诱惑侦查进行立法规范,在 程序法上明确诱惑侦查的主体、范围、对象和效力,在实体法上明确诱惑侦查的法律责任,以利于 诱惑侦查在经济犯罪侦查中的应用。     

埃及与中国的近代教育比较分析

埃及与中国都是享誉世界的文明古国。两国的自然条件、文化传统、社会环境等差异巨大 ,但近代教育的兴起和发展轨迹却有惊人的相似之处。近代教育源于欧洲 ,具有学科门类多、涵盖范围广、社会应用性强等特点。埃及的近代教育兴起于 19世纪初叶穆罕默德·阿里的改革与维新时期 ;中国的近代教育产生于 19世纪下半叶的“洋务运动”时期。对于两国来说 ,传统教育主要培养宗教人士、官员及知识分子 ,而近代教育则适应了社会经济发展的要求 ,培养各领域所需要的人才。埃及的近代教育有别于传统的伊斯兰文化教育 ,中国的近代教育有别于孔孟之道的强化灌输。     

泛珠三角区域劳务合作对贵州民族地区的意义和作用

2004年7月在广州召开的泛珠三角区域经贸洽谈会上,贵州与其他8省区共同签订了《泛珠三角九省区劳务合作协议》,它标志着泛珠三角区域劳务合作全面启动。这对于提升贵州劳务输出的规模和层次、发挥贵州劳务资源优势具重要意义,它将在促进贵州民族地区经济和社会发展、农村脱贫,区域合作及协调发展中发挥重要作用,并将在加强外出务工人员、尤其是农民工权益保障等方面产生积极的影响。     

科技进步在推动资本主义社会发展中的作用

自从资本主义产生以来,在科学技术方面已经发生了三次质的变革.科学技术每一次变革都推动了资本主义社会的发展变化.第二次世界大战后,科学技术的巨大进步,使生产力诸要素产生了不同于以往的质的飞跃,极大地推动了西方资本主义国家生产力的发展.20世纪80年代以来,在发达资本主义国家以信息技术为中心的高科技革命迅速发展,它推动着延续了一个多世纪的工业经济正在转变为信息经济.以此为基础,整个社会也正在转变为信息社会.正确认识科学技术在资本主义生产中的二重作用,对于我国社会主义现代化建设和科技发展,可以提供有益的借鉴.     

制度的内部性外部性失衡与我国政府改革——对我国政府改革相对滞后原因的理论思考

当前,我国经济社会的转型进入了关键时期,政府改革能否顺利推进是涉及我国经济社会长远发展的战略性任务。政府改革相对滞后又是我国转型期的重要特征,破解政府改革难题成为改革攻坚的核心课题。在以往的研究中,忽视了制度变迁中的政府也是改革需求者的重要事实。文章从制度的外部性和内部性出发,指出政府制度的内部性与外部性之间的冲突与失衡是导致改革滞后的基本原因。