Abhinav Chandrachud: Republic of Religion: The Rise and Fall of Colonial Secularism in India

Liverpool Law Review -     

Identity in Question: A Grammatology of DNA and Forensic Genetics

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique -     

Bone age assessment: the applicability of the Greulich-Pyle method in eastern Turkish children

The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the Greulich-Pyle (GP) method is adequate for Turkish children. A group of 767 individuals (425 girls and 342 boys) between 7 and 17 years were studied. Bone age (BA) from plain radiographs of left hands and wrists by GP standards was estimated. The total mean differences between BA and chronological age (CA) for girls and boys were found to be 0.20 and -0.13 years, respectively. There were significant differences between BA and CA in age groups 7-, 8-, 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 15-, and 16-year-olds for girls and 7-, 10-, and 12-year-olds for boys. The results of this study suggest that the mean differences between BA and CA are low enough to be of no practical significance, and thus, for the time being unless any other methods will be proved more useful, this method could be used in all age groups.     

Introduction: The (Ab)use of Language in Legal Discourse

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique -     

Police accountability: The situation of complaints in Toronto

Crime, Law and Social Change -     

Language and Law in Multiethnic Societies: The Case of Transylvania

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - Transylvania is a multiethnic society that was part of the Hungarian legal space for centuries....     

Reasoning in Life: Values and Normativity in Georges Canguilhem

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - This paper aims at giving an account of the philosophy of norms of Georges Canguilhem in the...     

Cedric Ryngaert: Selfless Intervention: Exercising Jurisdiction in the Common Interest

Netherlands International Law Review -     

The PMMA epidemic in Norway: comparison of fatal and non-fatal intoxications

During a 6 month period (July 2010-January 2011) we observed 12 fatal intoxications and 22 non-fatal cases related to the drug paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) in Norway (4.8 mill inhabitants). This toxic designer drug, also known as "Death", is occasionally found in street drugs offered as "ecstasy" or "amphetamine". The present study aimed to evaluate the cause of death, and to compare the PMMA blood concentrations in fatal and non-fatal cases. Methods for identification and quantification of PMMA are presented. The median age of fatalities was 30 years (range 15-50) with 67% males; in non-fatal cases 27 years (20-47) with 86% males. In the 12 fatalities, the median PMMA blood concentration was 1.92 mg/L (range 0.17-3.30), which is in the reported lethal range of 0.6-3.1 mg/L in peripheral blood and 1.2-15.8 mg/L in heart blood. In the 22 non-fatal cases, the median PMMA concentration was 0.07 mg/L (range 0.01-0.65). Poly-drug use was frequent both in fatal and non-fatal cases. The PMA concentrations ranging from 0.00 to 0.26 mg/L in both groups likely represented a PMMA metabolite. Three fatalities were attributed to PMMA only, six to PMMA and other psychostimulant drugs, and three to PMMA and CNS depressant drugs, with median PMMA concentrations of 3.05 mg/L (range 1.58-3.30), 2.56 (1.52-3.23) and 0.52 mg/L (0.17-1.24), respectively. Eight victims were found dead, while death was witnessed in four cases, with symptoms of acute respiratory distress, hyperthermia, cardiac arrest, convulsions, sudden collapse and/or multiple organ failure. In summary, all fatalities attributed to PMMA had high PMMA blood concentrations compared to non-fatal cases. Our sample size was too small to evaluate a possible impact of poly-drug use. A public warning is warranted against use and overdose with illegal "ecstasy" or "speed" drugs.     

Criminal poisoning of commuters in Bangladesh: prospective and retrospective study

Travel-related poisoning is an emerging social and public health emergency in Bangladesh but its cause and significance have not been determined. To investigate this syndrome we performed a prospective clinical study and retrospective analysis of hospital records in a general medicine unit of a public tertiary care teaching hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, using toxicological analysis by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF MS). The participants of the prospective study were 130 consecutive patients aged 16-80 years who were admitted with central nervous system depression (Glasgow Coma Score 3-14) after using public transportation, in the absence of other abnormalities, from January through June 2004, and a convenience sample of 15 such patients admitted during 3 days in May 2006. In 2004-2006, travel-related poisoning increased from 6.1 to 9.5% of all admissions (210-309 of 3266-3843 per year), representing 46.6-55.7% of all admitted poisoning cases. Incidents were associated with bus (76%), taxi, train, and air travel, or local markets; 98% of patients remembered buying or accepting food or drinks before losing consciousness. Direct financial damage (missing property) was diverse and frequently existential. Among 94 urine samples analyzed by FPIA, 74% tested positive for benzodiazepines. Among 15 urine samples analyzed by LC-TOF MS, lorazepam was detected in all; five also contained diazepam or metabolites; nitrazepam was present in three. FPIA results obtained for these 15 samples were below the recommended cut-off in eight (53%; lorazepam only). Our findings show that the massive medicosocial emergency of travel-related poisoning in Bangladesh is the result of drug-facilitated organized crime and that benzodiazepine drugs are used to commit these crimes, suggesting modifications to the local emergency management of the victims of this type of poisoning. They also highlight the need for more research in the neglected field of acute poisoning in Bangladesh, and for criminal investigations of the use of benzodiazepine drugs in this country.     

The Settlement of Disputes in International Law: Institutions and Procedures

Netherlands International Law Review -     

Europe in the Balance: An Appraisal of the Westphalian System

Netherlands International Law Review -     

The Variety of Language Signs in Legal Terminology: Linguistic and Extra-Linguistic Background

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - The article deals with diversity of language signs in legal terminology. The aim of the article...     

Radicalization in Adolescence: the Identification of Vulnerable Groups

European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research - Given that the normative search for identity and belonging, as well as political socialization, plays an important role during adolescence, this...     

Interpreting Meaning in Juvenile Court: The Use of Local Wisdom

To be presented at the 1982 Annual Meetings of Canadian Sociology and Anthropology Association in Ottawa, June 6–9. The author would like to thank the many people working with juveniles in Alberta and elsewhere who provided insights for this paper. The work has been supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, Grant Sumber 410-79-0124 and by funds from the Solicitor General's Contributions Grant.     

Peter Brooks,Troubling Confessions: Speaking Guilt in Law and Literature; Mariana Valverde,Diseases of the Will: Alcohol and the Dilemmas of Freedom

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique -     

Extra-Legal Values in Judicial Interpretation of Law: A Model Reasoning and Few Examples

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - The aim of the paper is to analyze the types of interpretative reasoning determining the content...     

Reporting Verbs in Court Judgments of the Common Law System: A Corpus-Based Study

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - Professionals in various disciplines adopt significantly different lexicons to report their...     

Islands in a Sea of Obligation: Limits of the Duty to Rescue

Law and Philosophy -     

Contract Law in Common Law Countries: A Study in Divergence

Liverpool Law Review -