再分配公平与社会公平问题探析——基于再分配公平双重内涵的分析

相对于初次分配中的市场公平而言,再分配是基于维护人的基本权利和实现社会和谐稳定而进行的,它要实现的是社会公平.在再分配过程中,无论是政策、措施的制定还是实施都要体现公平原则,但目前我国在税收、社会保障和转移支付方面却存在着种种问题.因此,要实现社会公平,必须解决再分配过程中的不公平问题,建立有效的收入分配税收调控体系,完善社会保障制度,加大和规范财政转移支付力度.     

社会公正与社会协商机制--荷兰模式的启示

社会不公并不是处于转型期的社会主义国家独有的现象,西方发达国家同样也面临着不少与社会公正有关的难题。尽管社会主义国家在转型过程中出现的社会不公现象,无论是在实质上还是在形式上,都不同于西方发达国家,但从西方的经验中,我们不难发现一些有益的启示。     

公共行政中的社会正义

在公共行政中强调社会正义是当今国际社会的一个重要话语,由于中国近现代以前的政府行政过程中社会正义的色彩甚为淡漠,因此,具有普适性的社会正义观念对于中国公共行政具有深刻的现实意义.目前,社会正义在中国公共行政中难以通过制度性的规定体现在公共政策之中,其原因在于公共行政中的党政不分.在法制不完善的情况下,党政主要负责人个人的意愿很容易替代公众的愿望.此外,政府通常是依据"红头文件"来实施公共行政,在缺少不同意见时,如何体现社会正义是中国公共行政实施过程中需要认真考虑的问题.     

性别平等与社会公正

性别平等是社会公正的重要内容和基本要求.新中国成立以来特别是改革开放30年来,随着经济发展和社会进步,我国在促进男女性别平等和妇女发展方面卓有成效.但不容讳言,还存在许多深层次矛盾和问题.为此,需要政府、社会和妇女自身三个层面共同努力,齐抓共管、相互协调,有效促进性别平等和妇女发展,实现社会公正.     

Public Opinion and Social Justice in China

Journal of Chinese Political Science - China’s rise has not only propelled China to be the second-largest economy in the world but also produced an increasing socio-economic inequality that...     

公平正义:邓小平的和谐社会观

“公平正义”是和谐社会的重要内涵之一。邓小平的以共同富裕为目标的社会主义本质论和坚持“两手抓,两手都要硬”以及对国际公平正义追求等思想,都是这种和谐社会观的集中体现或重要组成部分。     

公共政策体制与社会公正

公共政策对于社会公正的实现具有重要意义，这种意义首先发生于体制层面。在界定公共政策体制内涵的基础上，通过实现社会公正的责任体系找到公共政策体制与社会公正之间的关联逻辑，并从公共政策体制构成出发分析二者关联的具体内容，同时从宏观上考虑到公共政策在实现社会公正中所遭遇的悖论，提出：体制性思考是解决悖论的钥匙，良好的公共政策体制有利于实现社会公正。     

论社会公平再分配中的政府职责担当

体现公平原则的"共同富裕"是社会主义的本质之义,是服务型政府建设所要实现的公共理想之一.因此,政府有能力也应该且必须在社会再分配中担当起实现公平原则的职责:即拓宽再分配主体,完善再分配手段;抑制垄断,促进公平竞争;完善社会再分配政策体系;理顺财政再分配职能,健全财政再分配调节机制;加强法制建设,规范再分配行为;扩大中等收入者比重,提高低收入者收入水平;推进农村基本公共服务均等化;大力推进与发展第三次分配.     

马克思主义公正观及其对实现社会公正的启示

我国社会主义核心价值观的确立离不开马克思主义公正观的指引。因此,正确地解读马克思主义公正观对于我国构建公平正义的和谐社会具有十分重要的指导意义。目前,我国正处在新的历史阶段,解决社会领域涌现出的不公正问题,实现社会公平正义是新时期全面建成小康社会的关键。因此,必须深入研究马克思主义公正观,促进经济持续稳定发展,全面深化政治改革,构建完备的社会管理体制,推动树立社会主义核心价值观。     

论政府在实现社会公平中的责任

目前对公平与效率关系认识存在多种观点,争论颇多。公平与效率是对立统一的辩证关系,在一般情况下,公平与效率在更多的方面是相互促进的,无论是市场层面,还是宏观层面,没有公平就没有效率。我国目前社会不公平,收入差距过大是矛盾的主要方面。注重社会公平是政府的直接责任,两者的协调统一必须通过政府注重公平才能实现。     

The Conceptual History of Social Justice

Social justice is a crucial ideal in contemporary political thought. Yet the concept of social justice is a recent addition to our political vocabulary, and comparatively little is known about its introduction into political debate or its early theoretical trajectory. Some important research has begun to address this issue, adding a valuable historical perspective to present-day controversies about the concept. This article uses this literature to examine two questions. First, how does the modern idea of social justice differ from previous conceptualisations of justice? Second, why and when did social justice first emerge into political discourse?     

PAR’s Social Equity Footprint

During the 75th anniversary of Public Administration Review (PAR), this article examines the social equity scholarship published in PAR from 1940 to 2013. Less than 5 percent of all articles published in PAR since its inception focus on social equity. The articles published in PAR are primarily concentrated within the areas of personnel and public policy. Very few articles were published in the areas of budgeting or ethics. While social equity scholarship published in PAR has made a valuable contribution to understanding the career inequities of women and minorities in the public sector, scholars and professionals need to more thoroughly examine the black box of agency practice and structural inequities to examine why they persist. The challenge for future social equity research in public administration is to examine broader dimensions of equity and to understand how social inequities in administration can be mitigated.     

Social Equity and Evidence: Insights from Local Government

This article examines the role of evidence‐based decision making in social equity, with a particular focus on local government. It offers an assessment of the past, present, and future of such efforts by engaging themes from Matias Valenzuela's article based on King County, Washington. King County is one of more than 70 local governments that are members of the Government Alliance on Race and Equity, a growing national network of governments using an evidence‐based approach to achieve racial equity. In general, previous social equity measures have focused largely on measuring the extent to which disparities exist. More recently, tools and resources have become available to assist local governments in designing and evaluating their approach and performance in reducing social inequities. Future evidence should include more standardized measures to benchmark success, provide comparative analysis, and better support the identification of best practices.