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1.
对集体合同形式化的反思   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
我国目前劳动关系的现状非常严峻,已经对我国市场经济发展的正确方向构成了严重挑战。而在市场经济条件下调整劳动关系的最有效手段就是建立集体协商和集体合同制度。但在我国集体合同制度推进的过程中,集体合同形式化问题也凸现出来,严重影响了这一制度的健康发展。因此,加快工会体制改革,推进立法,建立多层次的集体协商结构,将是今后完善集体合同制度,避免形式化倾向的必然选择。  相似文献   

2.
    
Agrarian reforms do not constitute linear processes: rather, they are based on the interconnection between the crystallization of land governance in formal tenure rules and the way societies organize around a set of identities and power mechanisms. This paper focuses on how the misinterpretation of this two-way relationship, in setting up a new normative framework, can generate unintended consequences in terms of conflict. The recent wave of land conflicts in Bolivia shows how changes in the allocation of strategic resources inspired by the so-called ‘politics of recognition’ triggered processes of political ethnicization and organizational fragmentation, eventually contributing to fuelling new tensions between indigenous groups and peasant unions.  相似文献   

3.
    
On the basis of empirical evidence from the princely states of Rajasthan, it is argued here that Subaltern Studies discourse about peasants and peasant movements in colonial India is seriously flawed, mainly due to its symptomatic underestimation of the significance of land relations. A close scrutiny of its epistemological assumptions reveals that Subaltern Studies is elite (Brahmanical-bourgeois) ideology and revisionist historiography (anticipated by contemporary conservative historians of the French Revolution). Its claim to reconcile epistemologically irreconciliable positions is intellectually unsustainable.  相似文献   

4.
一些经济学家批评企业经济民主不是自发产生的,因而是没有生命力的.而另一些经济学家却不同意这种分析.有人认为,适宜的感知心理、社会传统和历史背景,可以使企业经济民主成为自然的选择.从对中国改革的实证考察看,企业的经济民主在自发地萌芽、生长,它表现为一种顺应自然的选择.  相似文献   

5.
论劳动关系中的民主   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文通过重新审视中国劳动关系的现状 ,结合对劳动关系史的考察 ,针对我国劳动关系现状中存在的问题及原因 ,重申了劳动关系及劳动关系理论中的民主理念和概念 ,提出了建立以民主的契约为基础的劳动关系调整机制权利的基本思路。  相似文献   

6.
农民工是我国工人阶级重要组成部分.但在中国二元社会结构导致的城乡居民长期隔阂的背景下,由于制度设置和农民工自身素质等多因素的综合作用,使农民工向工人阶级的转化具有不彻底性.从思想文化层面上应高度关注他们的利益诉求,为农民工转变为工人阶级和城市居民开通道路,最终实现工业化、城市化、现代化.  相似文献   

7.
Do variations in land ownership affect people’s democratic participation? Quantitative, cross-country research on this topic suffers from the non-comparability of regulatory systems and cultures, and the use of crude indicators to identify participation. This study attempts to overcome these methodological problems, by employing indicators of procedural and substantive participation in a structured, diachronic comparison of qualitative data from five sites in China – an authoritarian state, which, however, requires residents of urban communities and villages to participate in ‘self-government’. It examines whether and why changing land from collective ownership to state ownership, and residents’ compensated acquisition of cash and secure, fungible assets, strengthens or weakens participation in self-government. In the research sites, collective land ownership is found to stimulate participation in self-government. Transformation of the land to state ownership and people’s acquisition of private property weakens participation. The robust results of the study support the direction of a causal argument that collective land ownership is conducive to democratic participation. These findings imply that scholars and policymakers should consider the potentially adverse political consequences of changing land ownership. A further implication is that, absent substantial political reform, an urbanized China might be less rather than more democratic at the community level.  相似文献   

8.
邓小平创立了建设有中国特色社会主义理论,为非公有制经济在我国的生存赢得了合法的地位,并使其不断发展和完善,成为促进我国社会生产力发展的重要力量。  相似文献   

9.
This article discusses the manifold contributions of Willem Assies to the social sciences and Latin American studies. It focuses on his writings on agrarian and peasant studies, social movements, and indigenous peoples. In particular, he made important contributions to our understanding of multicultural citizenship, the multiethnic state, and plurinational democracy. His writings had a major impact on those working on rural and indigenous peoples' issues, although the Dutch academic establishment largely failed to appreciate his exceptional talents. It is argued in this article that he never wavered from his early recognition of the importance of class in social analysis, while acknowledging its limitations. In his view, one of the central challenges facing the indigenous peoples' social movements was how to link indigenous issues to general national problems. To what extent had they met this challenge? His premature death prevented him from exploring this key issue further, but hopefully other scholars will take up the baton and continue to debate his ideas.  相似文献   

10.
    
This paper provides a selective survey of food regimes and food regime analysis since the seminal article by Harriet Friedmann and Philip McMichael in 1989, and further traced through their subsequent (individual) work. It identifies eight key elements or dimensions of food regime analysis, namely the international state system; international divisions of labour and patterns of trade; the ‘rules’ and discursive (ideological) legitimations of different food regimes; relations between agriculture and industry, including technical and environmental change in farming; dominant forms of capital and their modalities of accumulation; social forces (other than capitals and states); the tensions and contradictions of specific food regimes; and transitions between food regimes. These are used to summarise three food regimes in the history of world capitalism to date: a first regime from 1870 to 1914, a second regime from 1945 to 1973, and a third corporate food regime from the 1980s proposed by McMichael within the period of neoliberal globalisation. Questions of theory, method and evidence are noted in the course of the exposition and pulled together in a final section which criticises the ‘peasant turn’ of the ‘corporate food regime’ and the analytical and empirical weaknesses associated with it.  相似文献   

11.
在我国向市场经济的转型和发展过程中,劳方与资本利益上的差异逐步凸显,并引发了劳资冲突和矛盾.在这种情况下,集体协商和集体合同制度正是理顺新形势下的劳动关系、促进产业和平发展的有效机制.近年来,我国的集体协商工作已经取得非常大的进展,其中行业性工资集体协商中,尤其以武汉市餐饮行业工资专项集体协商的影响最大,但是其背后所隐藏的问题同样不可忽视.  相似文献   

12.
    
Although they receive little recognition for their contribution, peasant farmers in the global South play a fundamental role in securing the long-term global food supply. Via their self-sufficient agricultural practices, they cultivate the crop genetic diversity that enables food crops to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In this paper I draw upon empirical data from the Guatemalan center of agricultural biodiversity to investigate the concern that market expansion will displace peasant agriculture and undermine a cornerstone of the global food supply. I find that even though peasants' livelihoods involve multiple forms of market provisioning, they also engage in a Polanyian ‘double movement’ to protect their subsistence-oriented agricultural practices from the potentially deleterious effects of markets. I also investigate the so-called ‘agrarian question’ about the effects of market expansion on the viability of peasant agriculture, finding that although new forms of market provisioning are likely exacerbating rural inequality, the income from market activities actually enables rural Guatemalans to reproduce the conditions for peasant agriculture. Ultimately, I observe that the conservation of agricultural biodiversity and, consequently, global food security are contingent upon the ‘food sovereignty’ of peasant farmers.  相似文献   

13.
从中国集体合同制度创建以来的实践看,所谓的集体合同实质上是集体协议.协议与合同属于可以分清的两个概念.一般情况下,协议多数是没有法律强制力的,而合同多数是有法律上的强制执行力.劳动法领域中的"集体合同"是中国特色制度,这一用词并不科学,甚至产生负面影响.  相似文献   

14.
十六大提出要发展我国的文化产业,通过文化产业的运作,把丰富的文化资源变成一种综合国力,文化产业正在逐步成为国民经济新的增长点。发展文化产业,必须规范文化行政部门的管理职能和各类文化企业的经营行为,积极引导合法经营,维护正常的市场经济秩序;深化文化体制改革,创新运行机制,为文化产业发展提供体制与机制保证。  相似文献   

15.
中国推行集体协商制度10多年,但理论研究不够.集体谈判制度是西方经过长期的劳资冲突后形成的就劳动报酬和利润分享的协商谈判机制.中国集体协商概念强调劳动关系的协调性而非对抗性.学术界认为集体协商可以改善劳资关系、提高劳动者收入、提高员工满意度和促进企业效率.中国企业的集体协商正在从上到下推行,功能与效果还不明显.西方集体谈判受经济形势、国家法律、双方谈判力量等因素影响;中国集体协商主要受政府政策及地方工会的影响.集体协商实践极需要加强理论研究,包括界定概念与本质;证实集体协商的效率和影响因素,为探索中国集体协商道路奠定基础.  相似文献   

16.
    
This article explores the limits imposed by a capitalist system of industrial relations on the construction of workplace democracy. It does so by focusing on the experiences of two grass-roots organisations, from both the formal and informal sectors of the economy, in the context of contemporary Argentina. Against one-sided and abstract views of union democracy, the article argues that, for a critical engagement on the issue of democracy, we should go beyond analyses that consider this in isolation from the material, institutional and ideological capitalist context within which unions’ actions are inserted. Democracy permeates the life of unions as collective organisations, but the struggle for control in a context of unbalanced power shapes democracy as a practice. Questions about the right balance between democratic decision-making and delegation and between efficiency and accountability in unions remain open.  相似文献   

17.
截至2004年底,朝阳区共有非公企业16913家.非公企业平均人数15至20人,平均寿命三年,呈现出数量大、规模小、流失率高的特点.与此同时,工会干部兼职多、不熟悉工会业务、流动性大,且缺乏经济上的独立性,不具备单独进行有效的集体协商、签订对老板有约束力的集体合同的实力.因此,签订区域性、行业性集体合同不仅必要,而且可行,是推行集体合同制度的趋向.  相似文献   

18.
摘要农民工是在特殊的历史时期出现的一个特殊的社会群体,是多年来中国社会中最为引人关注的一个群体。目前,中央以及各级政府高度重视农民工问题,正在逐步改革城乡二元社会结构,加大对农民工社会福利服务的供给力度,这必将有助于农民工问题的解决,推动农民工市民化的进程。  相似文献   

19.
加拿大各层级工会组织之间有着比较明确的责任分工。加拿大的集体协商与集体合同工作,机制完善、制度健全、内容详实、程序规范,在协调劳资关系、维护会员合法权益方面发挥着重要作用。加拿大工会的工作方式和经验对北京市工会工作有一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。  相似文献   

20.
工资是职工经济利益的核心,而工资集体协商是健全和完善职工工资随企业效益正常增减的重要机制,是维护劳动关系和谐的"润滑剂"。目前,企业工会在工资集体协商中存在一些能力方面的问题,如果没有正确处理好这一问题,不仅影响劳动者的生活质量,还影响劳动者的生产积极性,影响劳动生产率的高低,影响劳动关系的稳定,进而影响社会的稳定。  相似文献   

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