The forensic medical determination of the time of occurrence of subdural hemorrhages in the acute period of fatal craniocerebral trauma]

Presents the results of spectrophotometric and histologic examinations of subdural bleedings, meninges and brain matter in the acute period of a lethal craniocerebral injury. Discusses the possible use of a complex of histologic and biochemical studies in determination of the period elapsed since the injury.     

Biomechanical features of spinal trauma depending on conditions of the trauma

The aim of the study was to investigate biomechanical features of spinal trauma (fractures) depending on external impact, position of a human body or its parts in the moment of the trauma and before it; to reveal morphological signs of fractures characterizing specific trauma mechanisms. From a position of theoretical mechanics, the vertebral column is an elastic stem the strength of which depends on elastic properties of the pulpous nuclei and intervertebral disks, the column length and curvature. To determine the mechanism of the trauma, it is recommended to make the following measurements: the length of the body, the length of the vertebral column, the length of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar parts, size of the chest kyphosis.     

The forensic medical diagnosis of the types of vehicle-caused trauma by using mathematical methods and programming systems]

Urgent problems of scientific research on medicolegal evaluation of vehicle trauma were studied. One of perspective ways of increasing scientific control and evidential value of expert conclusion is pointed out. Use of mathematical methods and personal computers in expert evaluation of vehicle trauma is recommended. Expert differential diagnostic system (impact-overrun) developed is described and operating condition of personal computer is given.     

The diagnosis of intravital mechanical trauma by the blood EPR-spectral parameters

The author studied the possibility of diagnosing the lifetime occurrence of mechanical trauma by electron paramagnetic resonance on the basis of values of a constant related to the rate of reaction of spin probe recovery by blood in different time periods up to 28 days of postmortem interval.     

The morphological characteristics of the brain injuries in acceleration trauma depending on the conditions of its occurrence

The series of 175 cases of cranio-cerebral trauma (acceleration trauma by mechanism of its formation) was studied. Morphology of percussion and anti-percussion cerebral lesions was shown to depend on conditions of trauma formation and other factors including presence or lack of cranial bone fractures, cerebral vascular pathology, nature of trauma (isolated or combined) etc.     

The clinico-morphological basis for a diagnosis of diffuse axonal brain damage in head trauma

The most typical neurologic signs and variants of computer-tomographic cerebral picture in diffuse axonal lesion of the brain are presented. Dynamics of pathomorphologic changes depending on duration of posttraumatic periods is detected.     

The forensic-medical diagnosis of lifetime burn trauma by changes in the brain

It is recommended in the paper to define the lifetime or postmortal nature of burn injury that should be made on the basis of differential diagnosis of cause of death. Criteria are suggested, which can be used to distinguish, on the basis of forensic-histological examination of the brain, between mechanical asphyxia and the most widespread types of mechanical trauma typical of murder with arson.     

脊柱脊髓伤与病鉴定的法医学研究

研究脊性脊髓淑及外伤鉴定的法医学特点。方法选择活性体损伤鉴定１０００例,涉及外伤后脊柱兴 鉴定的分析四组。Ⅰ组,无伤无病的情况Ⅱ组：脊柱脊髓原有病变,结果与外伤无关Ⅲ组：脊柱脊髓原有病变与此次外伤共存,依据《损伤参与度评定标准》进行评定。Ⅳ组：外伤导致脊柱脊髓损伤。结果涉及脊柱脊髓鉴定的８６例,Ⅰ组２２例,Ⅱ组１３例,Ⅲ组１８例,Ⅳ组３３例,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组以中老年为多,原有自身疾病共有８种,Ⅲ组损伤参与     

The methodological aspects of establishing the time of death]

Methodological analysis of essence of problem concerning postmortem interval estimation is given. The authors present the most promising ways of scientific research on this problem and possibilities of practical use of results of scientific research. The general methods of postmortem interval estimation including wired-in analogy (criterial) method and methods of modelling postmortal processes (mathematical and physical) are analysed. Graph of logical structures of modes of postmortem interval estimation and means of their realization is given.