伊拉克:一场美国人输不起的战争

2003年5月1日,美国总统布什以极为夸张的方式乘飞机登上刚刚从海湾地区返回的林肯航空母舰,宣告了伊拉克战争的结束.     

伊战周年的启示

古人云:"身不善而怒人,不亦反乎?"意思是说,自身有过错却去怪罪别人,这不是搞反了吗?当今之世,身不善而怒人者不乏其人,美国总统布什就是其中的一个.     

伊拉克战争与美国的霸权战略

美国不经联合国授权,不顾世界多数国家的反对和规模空前的反战浪潮,发动了伊拉克战争,显示出美国“倒萨”的真实意图并不是为了世界的和平与安全,而是为了一己私利。伊拉克战争是美国推行霸权战略的必然结果,因此战争必然会对美国的霸权战略带来深远的影响。     

Occupational Logics and Political Commitment: American Artists Against the Iraq War

This article analyzes the political commitment of American artists, belonging to various art worlds, against the recent war in Iraq. Through the construction of three types of trajectories, I distinguish several mechanisms of commitment and forms of political involvement. I show how artists' heterogeneous professional identities structure their political commitment throughout the protest, how occupational logics shape the possible forms of action, in the artists' eyes. In the second part of the article, I focus on what is changing, in this context, in the relationships between the artistic and the political spheres, and what is revealed about their ordinary functioning. As a result of the increasing differentiation and specialization of the spheres of action in our societies, it has become more and more difficult and illegitimate for artists to fuse their artwork and their political positions. At the same time, individuals with strong resources of notoriety, especially in the film industry, have demanded a new role of public representation, challenging the exclusive political legitimacy to represent people.     

伊拉克战争对巴以冲突的影响

3月20日,美英联军无视国际社会的强烈反对,绕开联合国安理会对伊拉克发动了战争,推翻了萨达姆政权。伊拉克战争对中东地区政治力量和安全格局产生了重大影响,其中对巴以冲突的影响尤为突出。     

伊拉克战争对欧洲一体化的影响

伊拉克战争导致欧盟国家内部的严重政治分野,欧盟现成员国和候选国形成了以英国为首的追随美国的“主战派”或者“亲美国派”,以法国、德国为代表的反对美英立场的“主和派”或者“抗美派”。两派之间的深刻分歧,对于欧盟现今和未来的一体化进程、对于欧盟的对外政策正在并将继续产生重大而深远的影响。     

伊拉克战争考验黑非洲

美英发动伊拉克战争后,黑非洲国家反应不尽相同。由于非洲在国际社会的弱势地位,多数黑非洲国家不敢公开同美国对抗,往往以集体名义,如通过非洲联盟部长级会议等传递反战情绪。少数黑非洲国家高举反战旗帜,公开同美国唱对台戏。南非、肯尼亚、毛里求斯、赞比亚、尼日尔、纳米比亚和乍得等国政府或领导人发表声明,反对以战争方式解决伊拉克危机。个别黑非洲国     

伊战后影响中东地区安全的主要因素

中东地区战略地位十分重要,油气资源异常丰富,各种矛盾错综复杂,冲突与战争此起彼伏,和平与发展深受影响.伊拉克战争后,尽管在本地区再次爆发大规模战争的可能性在减小,但影响地区安全与稳定的诸多因素依然存在,特别是伊拉克战争留下了严重的"后遗症",使地区形势仍处于多变和不稳定状态.     

伊拉克战争对国际形势和我国国际环境的影响

为了更好地了解伊拉克战争的国际影响及其发展趋势,我们在本期特邀请了中国人民大学国际关系学院等单位的专家、教授就这一主题进行笔谈。现发表如下,以飨读者。     

美军在伊拉克战争中的电子信息战

今年的伊拉克战争,初次正式将GPS(全球卫星定位系统)和网络用于战场的通信系统,从而大大提高了美英联军的信息传递效率。     

Jihadism in Western Europe After the Invasion of Iraq: Tracing Motivational Influences from the Iraq War on Jihadist Terrorism in Western Europe

Abstract

This article investigates the importance of the invasion and occupation of Iraq as motivation for recent acts of jihadist terrorism in Western Europe. It analyses the mass casualty terrorist attack attributed to a group of Islamist militants in Madrid on 11 March 2004, and the killing of a Dutch filmmaker on the streets of Amsterdam by an Al Qaeda–inspired terrorist network. The first case has been assumed to be mainly motivated by the Iraq war, whereas the other case has been perceived as an act by an individual, motivated by domestic factors in Holland. The article situates these acts of terrorism within the theory of so-called spillover effects from armed conflicts to international terrorism. It argues that the Iraq war was a significant motivational factor for the terrorists in both cases, but that the terrorists linked the Iraq issue with perceived injustices against Muslims in Europe and globally.     

State Power and Its Implications for Civil War Colombia

The following article examines the relationship between state power and civil war in Colombia. It presents three key findings. First, state weakness has provided armed groups with the political opportunity for rebellion. In this respect, most rebel consolidation takes place in areas of Colombia that lack a strong state presence. Second, the growth and evolution of Colombia's armed groups are directly related to their ability to loot exportable natural resource commodities. In stateless areas of Colombia, rebel consolidation tends to take place in areas where the drug trade is also present. Third, the conditions of civil war have led insurgent groups to mimic some of the basic functions and attributes of statehood. Colombia's conflict is more than just a manifestation of popular frustration; indeed, this article shows that civil war is also a form of state-building.     

Articulating the Nexus of Politics and Law: War in Iraq and the Practice within Two Legal Systems

Does law rule foreign affairs in the democratic state? Basically, one might expect that democratic executives operate on the ground of what is called the Rechtsstaat, and that in a political system with checks and balances operations—especially those eventually dropping out of that ground—are subject to judicial review. However, legal systems are more often than not willing to abstain from a legal governance of its countries' foreign policy—because of "political reasons." Moreover, democracies obviously vary according to their legal operations. At least in the area of foreign affairs, the relationship of democracy and law does not take up a necessary character. Facing this contingency, the article engages in the discursive construction of a politics and law nexus in the course of the operations of two legal systems, in the United States and Germany. For that reason, it will proceed by deconstructing two legal decisions related to the war in Iraq. Building upon the premise that legal practices are intertwined into a larger web of (legal) text, the article argues that the possibility of a judicial abstention in cases bearing reference to foreign policy issues depends on meaning produced in the course of the signification and positioning of discursive elements like "politics" and "law." Thus, speaking law is a politico-legal practice.     

美国和伊拉克:从盟友到死敌

1年前,美英不顾国际社会的反对,出兵伊拉克,推翻了萨达姆政权.当我们从伊拉克战争的是非中走出来,回首往事,我们惊讶地发现,美国和伊拉克这对仇人竟然曾经是亲密的几乎不分你我的盟友,美国曾经不遗余力地支持伊拉克.     

从伊拉克战争看美国全球战略走向

美国对伊拉克战争速战速决,再次显示了美国强大的军事实力。战后,美国是不顾各国反对、继续推行单边主义和“先发制人”战略,还是会由于顾忌各国强烈反对而使“反恐”适可而止?这次战争将对美国今后战略走向产生什么重大影响?美国今后将如何重点推行其全球战略?这些都是当前人们普遍关注的问题。本文拟对这些问题进行探讨,并从中窥探美国全球战略走向。     

萨达姆被捕:伊拉克路在何方

2003年12月13日晚8点30分,萨达姆·侯赛因,这位曾称雄一时、令美国总统布什父子恨得咬牙切齿的伊拉克前总统,终于被美军在他家乡提克里特的一个小小的洞穴中活捉,舆论一片哗然,伊拉克再次成为国际社会关注的焦点和人们谈论的热门话题.