Book Reviews

Books reviewed:
Brown, Alice, McCrone, David and Paterson, Lindsay, Politics and Society in Scotland
Brown, Alice, McCrone, David, Paterson, Lindsay and Surridge, Paul, The Scottish Electorate: The 1997 General Election and Beyond
Clark, Ian and Berridge, John, Scotland Votes: The General Election 1997 in Scotland
Elcock, Howard and Keating, Michael (ed.), Remaking the Union: Devolution and British Politics in the 1990s
Harvie, Christopher, Scotland and Nationalism: Scottish Society and Politics 1707 to the Present
Paterson, Lindsay (ed.), A Diverse Assembly: The Debate on a Scottish Parliament
MacDonald, Catriona M. M. (ed.), Unionist Scotland 1800–1997
Cesarani, David, Arthur Koestler: The Homeless Mind
O'Brien, Conor Cruise, Memoir: My Life and Themes
Heffer, Simon, Like the Roman: The Life of Enoch Powell
Bentley, Tom, Learning Beyond the Classroom
Hahn, Carole, Becoming Political: Comparative Perspectives on Citizenship Education
Barnett, Anthony and Scruton, Roger (eds), Town and Country
Tindall, Frank, Memoirs and Confessions of a County Planning Officer
Campbell, Alan, Fishman, Nina and Howell, David (eds), Miners, Unions and Politics, 1910–47     

BOOK NOTES

AINSLEY JOLLEY, Macro-economic Policy in Australia 1972–76, Australian Studies in Economics, London, Croom Helm, 1978
DAVID SCHUMAN, The Ideology of Form, Lexington, Mass., Lexington Books, D. C. Heath, 1978
R. S. PARKER, The Government of New South Wales, University of Queensland Press, 1978
PETER HAY, IAN WARD, JOHN WARHURST, Anatomy of an Election
Hong Kong Journal of Public Administration, edited by Ian Scott and Miron Mushkat, Vol. 1, No. 1, June 1979     

"Knowing" the Rules: Administrative Work as Practice

This article presents a theory of administrative work as practice. Building on a rich narrative of a mid-level administrator in the Dutch Immigration Office, four core elements of administrative practice are identified: contextuality, acting, knowing, and interacting. Taking cues from practice theory and ethnomethodology, the author argues that the visible aspects of administrative work (decisions, reports, negotiations, standard operating procedures, and—on a higher level of institutional abstraction—structures, legal rules, lines of authority, and accountability) are effectuations, enactments of the hidden, taken-for-granted routines: the almost unthinking actions, tacit knowledge, fleeting interactions, practical judgments, self-evident understandings and background knowledge, shared meanings, and personal feelings that constitute the core of administrative work. Taken together, contextuality, acting, knowing, and interacting make up a unified account of practical judgment in an administrative environment that is characterized by complexity, indeterminacy, and the necessity to act on the situation at hand.     

Books: Comparative Politics and Area Studies

R. Banton, P. Clifford, S. Frosh, J. Lousada and J. Rosenthal, The Politics of Mental Health (London, Macmillan, 1985)
T. Forester (ed.), The Information Technology Revolution (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985
Philip Green, Retrieving Democracy: in Search of Civic Equality (Totawa, N. J., Rowman & Allanheid 1985)
Joseph J. Houska, Influencing Mass Political Behaviour: Elites and Political Subcultures in the Netherlands and Austria (Berkeley, Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1985)
R. Kuhn (ed.), The Politics of Broadcasting (Beckenham, Croorn Helm, 1984)
G. E. Lang and K. Lang, Politics and Television Reviewed (Berkeley, Sage, 1984)
A. Organski, J. Kugler, J. Johnson and Y. Cohen, Births, Deaths and Taxes (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1984)
W. E. Styler, Adult Education and Political Systems (Nottingham, Publications Unit, Department of Adult Education, University of Nottingham, 1985)
David Robertson, A Dictionary of Modern Politics (London, Europa Publications, 1985)
J. T. Morley, Secular Socialists: The CCF/NDP in Ontario , A Biography (Toronto, McCill-Queen's University Press, 1984)
H. S. Parmet, JFK: the Presidency of John F. Kennedy (Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1984)
R. H. K. Vietor, Energy Policy in America Since 1945 (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1985)
G. T. Mazuzan and J. S. Walker, Controlling the Atom (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1984)
A. Figueroa, Capitalist Development and the Peasant Economy in Peru (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1984)
Harvey B. Feigenbaum, The Politics of Public Enterprise: Oil and the French State (Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1985)
Eckhard Jesse, Wahlrecht zwischen Kontinuitat und Reform 1949–1983 (Dusseldorf, Droste, 1985)
H. Lydall, Yugoslav Socialism: Theory and Practice (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1984)     

Paradigm Lost: Public Administration at Johns Hopkins University, 1884-96

Between 1884 and 1896, Herbert Baxter Adams, James Bryce, Richard Ely, Albert Shaw, and Woodrow Wilson, participated in one of the first attempts to build a curriculum specifically aimed at educating American public servants. Their approach to curriculum development did not concentrate on government structure or management skills, but on politics, economics, history, law, and ethics. Their efforts reflected a need to justify local administration, public service, and active government in legal, moral, historical, philosophical, and practical terms. More than 100 years later, their efforts seem both awkwardly archaic and curiously relevant.     

BOOK NOTES

Government Service as a Profession, Brisbane, Queensland Regional Group of the Royal Institute of Public Administration, 1978 K. WINDOW, Local Government Reform, Brisbane, Queensland Group of the Royal Institute of Public Administration, 1978 JAMES M. BUCHANAN and RICHARD E. WAGNER, FiscalResponsibility in Constitutional Democracy, Leiden and Boston, Studies in Public Choice, No. I, Martinus Nijhoff, 1978 Y. FORTIN, Le Controle de I'Administration Economique en Grand-Bretagne, Paris, Editions du CNRS, 1978 Ethics in Public Administration: A Bibliography, Canberra, Public Service Board, 1979 R. N. SPANN, Government Administration in Australia, Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 1979 COLIN PRITCHARD and RICHARD TAYLOR, Social Work: Reform or Revolution? R. T. GOLEMBIEWSKI and M. COHEN, People in Public Service: A Reader in Public Personnel Administration, Illinois, Peacock Publishers Inc., 1976 CLAUDIA D. SCOTT, Local and Regional Government in New Zealand: Function and Finance R. M. BURNS, Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers: Canadian and Australian Experiences, Canberra, The Australian National University Centre for Research on Federal Financial Relations, Research Monograph No. 22 1977 ALBERT BRETON and ANTHONY SCOTT, The Economic Consrirurion of Federal Stares, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1978 Bureau of Transport Economics, A Discussion Paper of Transport Planning in Sydney to 1975, Canberra, AGPS, 1978 RUSSELL MATHEWS, Australian Federalism 1977, Canberra, The Australian National University Centre for Research on Federal Financial Relations, 1978 RICHARD L. DAFT and SELWYN W. BECKER, Innovarion in Organizations. Innovation Adoption in School Organizations, New York, Elsevier, 1978 RICHARD LEHNE, The Quest for Justice. The Politics of School Finance Reform, New York, Longmans, 1978 JEAN I. MARTIN, The Migrant Presence. Australian Responses 1947–1977, Sydney, George Allen & Unwin, Studies in Society series No. 2, 1978 H. WHITMORE and M. ARONSON, Review of Administrative Action, Sydney, The Law Book Co., 1978 R. A. WILD, Social Strarification in Ausrralia, Sydney, George Allen & Unwin Australia Ltd., Studies in Society series No. 3,1978 ADAM GRAYCAR, Social Policy: An Australian Inrroducrion, Melbourne, Macmillan, 1977 DAVID SOLOMON, Inside rhe Australian Parfiamenr, Sydney, George Allen and Unwin, 1978 J. R. HAY, The Development of rhe British Werfare Srare. 1880–1975, London, Edward Arnold, 1978 INA BERTRAND, Film Censorship in Australia, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1978 BRUCE MUIRDEN, When Power Wenr Public: a Study in Expediency: the nationalisation of the Adelaide Electric Supply Co., Bedford Park, APSA, Politics, Flinders University, 1978 ANDREW LEMON (ed.), Archives Conference Proceedings, 1977, Australian Society of Archivists, P.O. Box 83, O'Connor 2601, 1978 H. C. COOMBS, Kulinma: Listening to Aboriginal Australians, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1979 DIANA CLOSE, LOULA RODOPOULOS, JENNIE M. BRIGGS, and ELISABETH GAWITH, Interviewing Immigrants: Developing Research in the Australian Context, Melbourne, Clearing House on Migration Issues, 1978     

Book Reviews

Duff, Andrew, Reforming the European Union
Duff, Andrew, The Treaty of Amsterdam
Newman, Michael, Democracy, Sovereignty and the European Union
Sperling, James and Kirchner, Emil, Recasting the European Order: Security Architectures and Economic Cooperation
Edwards, Geoffrey and Pijpers, Alfred (eds), The Politics of European Treaty Reform: The 1996 Intergovernmental Conference and Beyond
Salmon, Trevor and Nicoll, Sir William (eds), Building European Union: A Documentary and Historical Analysis
Urban, Michael, Igrunov, Vyacheslav and Mitrokhin, Sergei, The Rebirth of Politics in Russia
Truscott, Peter, Russia First: Breaking with the West
Mandelbaum, Michael (ed), Post Communism: Four Perspectives
Offe, Claus, Varieties of Transition: The East European and East German Experience
Ramsden, John, The Age of Churchill and Eden: The Conservative Party 1840–1957
Ramsden, John, Winds of Change: The Conservative Party 1957–1975
Thorpe, Andrew, A History of the British Labour Party
Francis, Martin, Ideas and Policies under Labour 1945–1951
Foote, Geoffrey , The Labour Party's Political Thought: A History , 3rd edn
Lipow, Arthur, Political Parties and Democracy: Explorations in History and Theory
Khilnani, Sunil, The Idea of India
Strachan, Hew, The Politics of the British Army
Phillips, Melanie, All Must Have Prizes
Evans, Richard J., In Defence of History
Finer, S.E., The History of Government , Volume 1:, Ancient Monarchies and Empires; Volume 2:, The Intermediate Ages
Volume 3:, Empires, Monarchies and the Modern State
Cowling, Maurice, A Conservative Future     

EUROPE

Books Reviewed
Mabel Berezin and Martin Schain, EUROPE WITHOUT BORDERS: remapping territory, citizenship, and identity in a transnational age , (CHRIS RUMFORD), 258
Carlos Closa and Paul M. Heywood, SPAIN AND THE EUROPEAN UNION , (JENNIFER SANDS), 259
Simon Green, THE POLITICS OF EXCLUSION: institutions and immigration policy in contemporary Germany , (OSS CAMPBELL), 259
Elke Krahmann, MULTILEVEL NETWORKS IN EUROPEAN FOREIGN POLICY , (MICHAEL J. STEFFENS), 260
Cynthia Cockburn, THE LINE: women, partition and the gender order in Cyprus , (HALEH AFSHAR), 261
Liliana B. Andonova, TRANSNATIONAL POLITICS OF THE ENVIRONMENT: the European Union and the environmental policy in Central and Eastern Europe , (DIMITER D. TOSHKOV), 262
Jordi Gual, BUILDING A DYNAMIC EUROPE: key policy debates , (LEE McGOWAN), 262
Neil Nugent (ed.), EUROPEAN UNION ENLARGEMENT , (MAREK RYBAR), 263
Jeremy Rifkin, THE EUROPEAN DREAM: how Europe's vision of the future is quietly eclipsing the American dream , (EMILIAN KAVALSKI), 264
Montserrat Guibernau, CATALAN NATIONALISM: Francosim, transition and democracy , (IETER VAN HOUTEN), 265
James Hughes, Gwendolyn Sasse and Claire Gordon, EUROPEANIZATION AND REGIONALIZATION IN THE EU's ENLARGEMENT TO CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE: the myth of conditionality , (DAVID J. GALBREATH), 266
Sarah Waters, SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN FRANCE: towards a new citizenship , (AKINBOLA E. AKINWUMI), 266
Richard Gunther, Jose Ramon Montero and Joan Botella, DEMOCRACY IN MODERN SPAIN , (DIEGO MURO), 267
Neil Brenner, NEW STATE SPACES: urban governance and the rescaling of statehood , (CHRIS RUMFORD), 268     

专业学会在应对突发公共卫生事件中的作用——以新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情应对为例

与一般危机事件相比,突发公共卫生事件具有突发性、高度专业性、未知性、群体性、社会性以及应对协同性等特征。在现代化治理体系中,专业学会作为突发公共卫生事件应急管理的重要补充力量,应当发挥专业优势、组织协调优势、凝聚精神等优势,在疾病的预测、健康科普、组织动员、心理干预等方面发挥积极作用。     

Books: International Relations

D. Allen and A. Pijpers (eds), European Foreign Policy-Making and the Arab-Israeli Conflict (Dordrecht, Martinus Nijhoff, 1984)
Sydney D. Bailey (ed.), The Making of Resolution 242 (Dordrecht, Martinus Nijhoff, 1985
David Howard Bain, Sitting in Darkness, Americans in the Philippines (Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1984
C. Coker, The Future of the Atlantic Alliance (London, Macmillan, with the Royal United Services Institute, 1985)
C. Rose, Campaigns Against Western Defence (London, Macmillan, with the Royal United Services Institute, 1985)
G. R. Berridge and A. Jennings (eds), Diplomacy at the UN (London, Macmillan, 1958)
John Burton, Global Conflict: The Domestic Sources of International Crisis (Brighton, Wheatsheaf Books for The Center for International Development, University of Maryland, 1984)
B. J. C. Kercher and D. J. Moss (eds), Shadow and Substance in British Foreign Policy 1895–1939 (Edmonton, University of Alberta Press, 1984)
D. Holloway and J. M. 0. Sharp (eds), The Warsaw Pact (London, Macmillan, 1984)
W. R. Louis, The British Empire in the Middle East 1945–1951: Arab Nationalism, The United States, and Postwar Imperialism (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984)
Brian Murphy, The World Wired Up: Unscrambling the New Communications Puzzle (London, Comedia, 1983)
Steve Smith (ed.), International Relations: British and American Perspectives (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, in association with the British International Studies Association, 1985)
I. Wallerstein, The Politics of the World Economy (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1984)     

Spatial Econometric Models of Cross-Sectional Interdependence in Political Science Panel and Time-Series-Cross-Section Data

Jude C. Hays Department of Political Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801 e-mail: jchays{at}uiuc.edu e-mail: franzese{at}umich.edu (corresponding author) In this paper, we demonstrate the econometric consequences ofdifferent specification and estimation choices in the analysisof spatially interdependent data and show how to calculate andpresent spatial effect estimates substantively. We considerfour common estimators—nonspatial OLS, spatial OLS, spatial2SLS, and spatial ML. We examine analytically the respectiveomitted-variable and simultaneity biases of nonspatial OLS andspatial OLS in the simplest case and then evaluate the performanceof all four estimators in bias, efficiency, and SE accuracyterms under more realistic conditions using Monte Carlo experiments.We provide empirical illustration, showing how to calculateand present spatial effect estimates effectively, using dataon European governments' active labor market expenditures. Ourmain conclusions are that spatial OLS, despite its simultaneity,performs acceptably under low-to-moderate interdependence strengthand reasonable sample dimensions. Spatial 2SLS or spatial MLmay be advised for other conditions, but, unless interdependenceis truly absent or minuscule, any of the spatial estimatorsunambiguously, and often dramatically, dominates on all threecriteria the nonspatial OLS commonly used currently in empiricalwork in political science. Authors' note: This research was supported in part by NationalScience Foundation grant no. 0318045. We thank Chris Achen,Jim Alt, Kenichi Ariga, Neal Beck, Jake Bowers, Kerwin Charles,Bryce Corrigan, Tom Cusack, David Darmofal, Jakob de Haan, JohnDinardo, Zach Elkins, John Freeman, Fabrizio Gilardi, KristianGleditsch, Mark Hallerberg, John Jackson, Aya Kachi, JonathanKatz, Mark Kayser, Achim Kemmerling, Gary King, Hasan Kirmanoglu,James Kuklinski, Tse-Min Lin, Xiaobo Lu, Walter Mebane, CovadongaMeseguer, Michael Peress, Thomas Pluemper, Dennis Quinn, MeganReif, Frances Rosenbluth, Ken Scheve, Phil Schrodt, Beth Simmons,Duane Swank, Wendy Tam Cho, Craig Volden, Michael Ward, andGregory J. Wawro for useful comments on this and/or other workin our broader project on spatial econometric models in politicalscience. Bryce Corrigan, Aya Kachi, and Xiaobo Lu each providedexcellent research assistance and Kristian Gleditsch, Mark Hallerberg,and Duane Swank also generously shared data. We alone are responsiblefor any errors.     

Book Reviews

Klingemann, Hans-Dieter and Fuchs, Dieter (eds). Beliefs in Government, Volume 1: Citizens and the State
Niedermayer, Oskar and Sinnott, Richard (eds). Beliefs in Government, Volume 2: Public Opinion and Internationalized Governance
Borre, Ole and Scarbrough, Elinor (eds). Beliefs in Government, Volume 3: the Scope of Government
Van Deth, Jan W. and Scarbrough, Elinor (eds). Beliefs in Government, Volume 4: the Impact of Values
Kaase, Max and Newton, Kenneth. Beliefs in Government, Volume 5: Beliefs in Government
Bogdanor, Vernon. The Monarchy and the Constitution
Anderson, Leslie E. The Political Ecology of the Modern Peasant: Calculation and Community
Stueck, William. The Korean War: an International History
Fischel, William A. Regulatory Takings: Law, Economics, and Politics
Friedman, Barry D. Regulation in the Reagan–Bush Era: the Eruption of Presidential Influence
Hannaford, Ivan (foreword by Bernard Crick). Race: the History of an Idea in the West
Guéhenno, Jean-Marie (transl. Victoria Eliott). The End of the Nation-State
Kupchan, Charles A. (ed.). Nationalism and Nationalities in the New Europe
Smith, Anthony D. Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era
Viroli, Maurizio. For Love of Country: an Essay on Patriotism and Nationalism
Schuerman, William E. Between the Norm and the Exception: the Frankfurt School and the Rule of Law     

To move or not to move: Relationships to place and relocation choices in HOPE VI

This article has two purposes. First, it explores the ideas of vulnerability, precariousness, and resilience as they apply to people, housing, neighborhoods, and metropolitan areas. People might be more vulnerable to shocks or strains, we propose, if they are members of racial/ethnic minorities, recent immigrants, non-high school graduates, are children or over 75 years old, disabled, recent veterans, living in poverty, or living in single-parent households. Housing may be more precarious, we propose, when it is rented, multi-family, manufactured, crowded, or subject to overpayment. The article goes on to document the relationships between potential personal or household vulnerability and potentially precarious housing conditions. Microdata from the 2005–2007 American Community Survey suggest that an important minority of people have multiple vulnerabilities; these vulnerabilities associate with residence in precarious housing. We suggest that policy be directed toward precarious situations most likely to afflict the most vulnerable populations, especially single-parent households and immigrants.     

Postmodern Cinema and Hollywood Culture in an Age of Corporate Colonization

Postmodern cinema has emerged in the 1980s and 1990s as a powerfully creative force in Hollywood filmmaking, reflecting and helping to shape the historic convergence of media culture, technology, and consumerism. It corresponds to the post-Fordist, globalized phase of capitalist development typified by increasing class polarization, social atomization, urban chaos and violence, ecological crisis, and mass depoliticization. Departing from the modernist cultural tradition grounded in the Enlightenment, norms of industrial society, and faith in historical progress, postmodern cinema is characterized by disjointed narratives, a dark view of the human condition, images of chaos and random violence, death of the hero, emphasis on technique over content, and dystopic views of the future. While postmodern directors such as Woody Allen, Oliver Stone, Robert Altman, Quentin Tarantino, the Coen Brothers, Mike Figgis, and John Waters produce films that are often highly original and even subversive, their departure from conventional Hollywood formulas and motifs that define the studio system - their pronounced cultural radicalism - is rarely associated with any sort of political radicalism even where a harsh social critique might be visible. Postmodern cinema helps reproduce the very popular mood of anxiety, uncertainty, fear, and cynicism that it mirrors in the general society.     

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Books Reviewed
Lawrence Freedman, DETERRENCE , (ALEX BELLAMY), 456
Luis Cabrera, POLITICAL THEORY OF GLOBAL JUSTICE: a cosmopolitan case for the world state , (AMY E. ECKERT), 457
Anne Mette Kjær, GOVERNANCE , (HASAN ENGIN SENER), 457
Sabine C. Carey and Steven C. Poe (eds), UNDERSTANDING HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS , (AIDAN HEHIR), 458
African Development Bank, AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2004 , (ELLIOTT GREEN), 459
Yale H. Ferguson and Richard W. Mansbach, REMAPPING GLOBAL POLITICS: history's revenge and future shock , (EMILIAN KAVALSKI), 460
Transparency International, GLOBAL CORRUPTION REPORT 2004 , (HEATHER MARQUETTE). 461
Norman J. Vig and Michael G. Faure (eds), GREEN GIANTS? environmental policies of the United States and the European Union , (PHILIP CATNEY), 462
Rachel Kerr, THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA: an exercise in law, politics and diplomacy , (STEVEN ROACH), 463
Jamal R. Nassar, GLOBALISATION AND TERRORISM: the migration of dreams and terrorism , (LEE JARVIS), 463
Francis A. Beer and Christ'l De Landtsheer (eds), METAPHORICAL WORLD POLITICS , (EMILIAN KAVALSKI), 464
Sylvia Ellis, BRITAIN, AMERICA, AND THE VIETNAM WAR , (JONATHAN COLMAN), 465
Manfred B. Steger (ed.), RETHINKING GLOBALISM , (CHRIS ARMSTRONG), 466
Isao Miyaoka, LEGITIMACY IN INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY: Japan's reaction to global wildlife preservation , (FLAVIA MONCERI), 466
George Lawson, NEGOTIATED REVOLUTIONS: the Czech Republic, South Africa and Chile , (BRYAN MABEE), 467     

Books: Political Theory and Methodology

Neal Wood, John Locke and Agrarian Capitalism (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1984)
John W. Yolton, Locke: an Introduction (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985)
N. Tarcov, Locke's Educationfor Liberty (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1984)
F. G. Whelan, Order and Artifice in Hume's Political Philosophy (Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1985)
J. Robertson, The Scottish Enlightenment and the Militia Issue (Edinburgh, John Donald, 1985)
J. R. Dinwiddy, (ed.), The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham, Volume 6, January 1798 to December 1801 (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984)
Alvin W. Gouldner, Against Fragmentation: the Origins of Marxism and the Sociology of Zntellectuals (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1985)
Bruce Mazlish, The Meaning of Karl Marx (New York, Oxford University Press, 1984)
Edmond Preteceille and Jean-Pierre Terrail, Capitalism, Consumption and Needs (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985)
F. R. Dallmayr, Polis and Praxis (Cambridge, Mass., The MIT Press, 1985)
J. L. Talmon, The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution (London, Secker and Warburg, 1980)
L. J. Macfarlane, The Theory and Practice of Human Rights (London, Temple Smith, 1985)
Jeremy Waldron (ed.), Theories of Righfs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984)
Bill Jordan, The State: Authority and Autonomy (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985)
Franlin I. Gamwell, Beyond Preference: Liberal Theories of Independent Associations (Chicago, University of Chicago Press)
Ted C. Lewellen, Political Anthropology: an Introduction (South Hadley, Mass., Bergin and Garvey, 1983)
Ilkka Heiskanen and Sakari Hanninen (eds), Exploring the Basis of Politics (The Finnish Political Science Association, 1983)
Christopher G. A. Bryant, Positivism in Social Theory and Research (London, Macmillan, 1985)     

Growth and the Welfare State in the EU: A Causality Analysis

In this paper, we test for causality between GDP growth andsocial protection expenditure in the European Union. To that end,we apply Hsiao's (1981) sequential procedure to data for twelveEU countries along the 1970–1994 period. Our results suggestthat, for Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,Portugal, and Spain, causality runs only from social protectiongrowth to GDP growth, while for Denmark, France, Greece, Italy,and the United Kingdom, no causality is found between socialprotection growth and GDP growth.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed
Carson, Claybourne and Halloran, Peter (eds). A Knock at Midnight: The Great Sermons of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Posner, Gerald (edited by Claybourne Carson). Killing the Dream: James Earl Ray and the Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Carson, Claybourne (ed.) The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Lebovics, Herman. Mona Lisa's Escort: Andre´ Malraux and the Reinvention of French Culture
Berliner, Joseph. The Economics of the Good Society
Edwards, Ruth Dudley. The Faithful Tribe: An Intimate Portrait of the Loyal Institutions
Hood, Christopher; Scott, Colin; James, Oliver; Jones, George and Travers, Tony. Regulation Inside Government: Waste-Watchers, Quality Police and Sleaze-Busters
Jarvie, Ian and Pralong, Sandra (eds) Popper's Open Society after Fifty Years: The Continuing Relevance of Karl Popper
Amsterdamski, Stefan (ed.) The Significance of Popper's Thought
Fulbrook, Mary. German National Identity after the Holocaust
Dorey, Peter (ed.) The Major Premiership: Politics and Policies under John Major
Longworth, Norman. Making Lifelong Learning Work: Learning Cities for a Learning Century
Williamson, Bill. Lifeworlds and Learning: Essays in the Theory, Philosophy and Practice of Lifelong Learning     

Bioethical Policymaking for Advanced Medical Technologies: Institutional Characteristics and Citizen Participation in Eight OECD Countries1

Organizational characteristics of public institutions, councils, committees, and panels for bioethical deliberations were examined in eight OECD countries, that is, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, the United States, Canada, and Japan. Their jurisdiction, membership composition, modes of agenda setting, and appraisal systems were examined, as was their utilization of public involvement measures. Questionnaire surveys and structured interviews were conducted with representatives of parliamentary offices, ministries, and other institutions for ethical deliberations, both public and private, in the eight countries. Confirmation of survey results was made by close follow‐up communications. Since the early 1980s, all the countries studied have established public institutions for policy deliberation on bioethical issues. While legislatures, for example, Parliament, sometimes convene special commissions or expert panels on an ad hoc basis, most of the permanent institutions are affiliated with ministries of health, science, or technology. The composition of core panel members was quite similar across institutions as well as among countries, generally composed of 10 to 15 experts. Many institutions have experimented with some forms of public involvement measures, although public involvement is not routinely incorporated in the policy process, except in Denmark, the Netherlands, and Canada. The study describes the current public institutions and their practices for bioethical policy deliberations. Exchange of experience and knowledge among the institutions is advisable to improve their performance.     

Book reviews

Mike Marqusee, REDEMPTION SONG: MUHAMMAD ALI AND THE SPIRIT OF THE SIXTIES (Verso Books, 1999)

Marilyn Buck, David Gilbert, and Laura Whitehorn, ENEMIES OF THE STATE, (Brooklyn, N.Y.: Resistance in Brooklyn Publication, 1998). Meyer, c/o WRL, 339 Lafayette Street, NY 10012 or mmmsrnb@igc.org.

Viviane Forrester, THE ECONOMIC HORROR (Cambridge, UK: The Polity Press [in association with Oxford, UK, and Maiden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers], 1999).

Peter Roman, PEOPLE'S POWER: CUBA'S EXPERIENCE WITH REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT (Boulder: Westview Press, 1999).

Stanislao G. Pugliese, CARLO ROSSELLI: SOCIALIST HERETIC AND ANTIFASCIST EXILE (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999).