论在罪刑法定原则下的刑事自由裁量权

法官在刑法适用过程中享有自由裁量权,其价值合理性主要表现在:有利于法官在实现刑法严格规则的同时,克服作为成文法的刑法的局限性,避免严格准则主义对个别正义的抹杀。但是这种刑事自由裁量权的存在是否能与罪刑法定的基本原则相容呢?一、刑事自由裁量权与罪刑法定原则的关系罪刑法定原则的基本含义是“法无明文规定不为罪,法无明文规定不处罚。”这一原则表明了刑法的价值取向,是法治主义在刑法领域中的具体表现。首先,罪刑法定原则强调以法律限制权力,避免个人权力对公民自由的破坏,从而体现刑法对人权的有力保障;罪刑法定又涉及立法与…     

刑事自由裁量权与刑法基本原则关系研究

刑法基本原则不但是制定、解释和适用刑法的准则,而且体现了刑法的基本精神。刑事自由裁量权是刑法适用过程中普遍存在的一种权力。罪刑法定原则并不排斥刑事自由裁量权,罪刑法定原则认可以严格规则为主、以自由裁量为补充的立法模式。自由裁量权对适用刑法人人平等原则有一定的冲击,所谓的适用刑法人人平等实际上是包括了自由裁量因素在内的相对意义的人人平等。罪责刑相适应原则,在本质上确认法官的刑事自由裁量权,罪责刑相适应原则与法官的自由裁量权具相辅相成性。     

罪刑法定的当代命运

罪刑法定是刑法中的一个基本理论问题,并且我国刑法学界对此存在争议。本文从一定的理论高度,回答了罪刑法定的当代命运这一重大问题。全文共分五部分,约5万多字。第一部分是罪刑法定的价值蕴涵,作者认为罪刑法定是以个人自由为价值取向的,体现的是刑法对人权的有力保障。第二部分是罪刑法定的制度构造,作者认为从法的制度构造上来说,应以罪刑法定的严格规则限制司法的自由裁量,同时又在罪刑法定的界域之内予以法官一定的自由裁量权。第三部分是罪刑法定的立法机理,作者认为刑法典是罪刑法定主义的基本法律载体,因而对刑法典的立法机理作了有价值的探讨。第四部分是罪刑法定的司法运作,作者认为刑事司法是罪刑法定主义现实化的必由之路,因而对如何塑造刑事司法的品格作了有意义的论述。第五部分是罪刑法定的中国命运,作者认为随着我国法制的发展,罪刑法定主义也必将进入一个黄金时代。     

刑罚适用中的自由裁量权问题刍议

长期以来,我国法学界普遍将“罪刑法定”和“罪刑相适应”作为我国刑法的基本原则加以阐述,而对法官适用刑罚中的自由裁量权或讳莫如深或不予承认。作为大陆法系的我国,似乎不存在奉行“自由心证”、“判例法”等制度的英美法系国家法官执法中的自由裁量权,然而在我国的刑事审判实践中,刑罚适用的不平衡、不统一情况并不     

论罪刑法定原则对刑法解释的制约

罪刑法定由绝对向相对的演变 ,为刑法解释的诞生提供了契机 ,在相对罪刑法定原则下法官行使自由裁量权最主要的表现就是对法律进行科学的解释。作为自由裁量权重要内容的扩张解释、法律漏洞的填充、类比推理被认为既突破了绝对罪刑法定严格规则的刻板、僵化和机械 ,又自觉地遵从立法本意和法律规范的实质适用范围。与相对罪刑法定的价值意蕴不谋而合。     

刑事自由裁量权的适用

刑事自由裁量权，一般指在刑事审判过程中，法官在遵循罪刑法定原则、严格遵循法定程序进行审判的前提下，不受外界影响，本着公正、合理适用刑事法律的精神，在具体审判程序中自由决定对案件事实当采取何种证明方式、对于临界行为该如何定性，以及如何合理量刑问题进行适度处理的权力。刑事自由裁量权是法官在处理个案时对具体适用的法律的内容的理解，其贯穿于刑事审判整个过程，既包括对实体也包括对程序的自由裁量。     

论罪刑法定原则

民主主义与尊重人权主义不仅必然要求实行罪刑法定原则，而且决定该原则的内容。罪刑法定原则以个人自由为价值取向，体现了刑法对人权的有力保障，其价值取向随时代变迁也被赋予了新的内涵。这就对刑事立法和刑事司法提出了新的要求，促进了刑法领域的法治化。     

罪刑法定原则与法官刑事自由裁量权的辨证关系

本文主要着眼于刑事法律中的基本原则罪行法定原则与法官刑事自由裁量权的关系,从不同角度论证了二者并不矛盾,并且能够互相共存的辨证统一的关系。     

从不确定中寻求确定之路——论法官刑事自由裁量权及其框架设计

法官自由裁量权是指在法律没有规定或规定有缺陷的情况下,法官不违背立法的原则和精神,根据公平、正义和合理性原则,对案件酌情做出决定的权力。本文试从刑事方面的角度诠释法官自由裁量权的内涵、价值和在司法实践中的体现,重点对法官刑事自由裁量权的运行设计了框架结构,以期对进一步研究法官自由权及其规制有所裨益。     

律师量刑建议权问题探讨

刑事司法中量刑轻重的问题不仅关系到当事人的切身利益,而且关系到我国刑事诉讼中罪刑法定原则的落实适用。在我国,法官拥有较大的自由裁量权的情况下,在刑事诉讼中除了赋予人民检察院以量刑建议权的同时也赋予直接参与案件调查取证整个过程中的律师以量刑建议权在刑事司法实践中具有重要意义。律师作为专业的法律人士,其在司法诉讼中不仅要起到维护当事人合法权益,也需要维护法律在每个公民心中神圣的地位。     

Can a hyphen substitute a space in a domain name?

A recent decision of the Danish Complaints Board for DomainNames addressed the issue of hyphenating words in domain namesto get around the word spacing problem, where the domain namein question conflicted with rights in a personal name.     

律师何以成讼棍

律师向法官行贿并非新闻,暗地里向审判官行贿是讼棍们祖传秘术。让人拍案惊奇的是,这位律师竟然将历来暗地里进行的潜规则公开化,合了一句成语——贿赂公行。讼棍并非是我们时代的新产品,它是专制权力的“传家宝”。宋人在《戒讼录》中曾以歌谣的形式唱道:“些小言辞莫若休,不须经县与经州,衙头府底陪茶酒,赢得猫儿卖了牛。”为何赢了猫儿卖了牛?因为牛被松棍和贪官污吏们合伙吃了去。讼棍们是如何工作的?曹雪芹在其名著《红楼梦》一书中介绍了天下第一能干、漂亮的讼棍王熙凤的入道过程。做托的是馒头庵的老尼。案情是这样的:一个大财主的…     

Why a Jury Trial is More Like a Movie Than a Novel

This essay is concerned to note the way in which successful trial advocacy seems to stem from the ability to convert legal discourse into a story form. These stories need to be ones with which a jury is familiar. These increasingly come from visual media, particularly film. It looks in detail at one trial where this process of relating a defence to the jury employed the structure of a Mafia film. The essay concludes by examining the reasons why the nature of the novel differs significantly from that of the film and how in the novel-to-film adaptation process a certain simplification is bound to occur.     

From a Civil Libertarian to a Sanitarian

This article is a contribution to the occasional series dealing with a major book that influenced the author. Previous contributors include Stewart Macaulay, John Griffith, William Twining, Carol Harlow, Geoffrey Bindman, Harry Arthurs, André-Jean Arnaud, Alan Hunt, and Michael Adler.     

Wind-drag estimation in a traffic accident involving a motor scooter and a tractor-trailer

This case report describes a noncontact traffic accident involving a motor scooter and a tractor-trailer with a focus on the wind-drag effect. We used load cells to measure the drag force acting on a substantially similar motor scooter when a substantially similar tractor-trailer passes by it, taking into consideration various speeds of the tractor-trailer and distances between the two vehicles. A three-dimensional steady-state flow analysis was also performed by using the CFX program for computational fluid dynamics to examine the streamlines and the pressure distribution around the tractor-trailer at various speeds. From the experiment, for a separation distance of 1.0 m (3.28 ft) and a speed of 90 km/h (55.9 mph), the maximum resultant drag force is 124.5 N (28 lb); this constitutes a degree of force that could abruptly disrupt the stability in maneuvering by an operator who is unaware of the approaching tractor-trailer. In addition, a single equation that relates the tractor-trailer speed to the drag force that acts on the motor scooter was derived on the basis of the Reynolds number (Re) and the wind-drag coefficient (C(d)): C(d) = 1.298 × 10(-7) Re.     

Toolmark Identification of a Mattock to a Clod of Soil from a Grave

Abstract: At a recent bushland gravesite that contained a deceased male, a clod of soil displaying a striated toolmark was collected during the excavation of the grave. This clod was preserved, and the mark was cast using Mikrosil?. Shovels and a mattock, which had been discarded by the suspects, were subsequently found at another location. A toolmark comparison identified the hoe end of the mattock head as having produced the striated toolmark.