论刑事和解机制的建构与检察权的正确行使

作为恢复性司法程序的一种阶段性表现形式，刑事和解对于化解矛盾、维护稳定、构建和谐社会有着突出的作用。在刑事诉讼中实行刑事和解具有正当性，应尽快完善立法、落实量刑建议权、建立公益机构，设立被害人国家补偿、加强宣传教育等机制建设，以利于刑事和解制度的顺利推行。     

行政司法刍议

行政司法作为解决社会冲突的准司法,是指行政主体依法对有关争议进行调解、裁决和仲裁的活动,它既包括对行政争议的处理,也包括对民事争议的调处。行政司法的程序既非完全的司法程序,亦非一般的行政程序,而是具有行政性质的司法程序。它融司法程序和行政程序于一体,吸收了行政程序的简易、高效和司法程序的公平、合理的特点,排除了行政程序的专断性和司法程序的繁琐性,而为各国所广泛采纳,成为一种重要又特殊的解决民事、行政纠纷的法律程序。     

论司法程序现代化的标准

司法程序现代化是在传统司法程序基础上不断扬弃而形成与新的社会背景相适应的更为合理科学的现代司法程序的过程。司法程序现代化的标准不但是司法程序现代化成果的衡量标准，同时也指向现代司法程序所应具有的基本特征。司法程序现代化的标准包括形式、价值和实践三个方面，形式标准可以区分为周延性和体系性两个方面，价值标准则包括公正、和谐和效率三个方面。     

试论农民土地承包经营权流转规范的法律机制

体现恢复性司法理念的刑事和解程序,以一种全新的问题解决思路处理刑事犯罪问题。作为一项新的刑事司法模式,这一制度已在国际上得到普遍认可,并成为当今世界刑事法治发展的一种潮流趋势。但我国现阶段对此方面的法律规定尚处空白,而以人为本构建和谐社会的呼声愈来愈高,如何将恢复性司法程序本土化,建立一个规范、完善的刑事和解制度已成为摆在众多刑事法律执业者们面前的一大课题。笔者仅就刑事和解制度法治发展的趋势及程序性构建进行探讨。     

两大法系惩戒性军事法概要

莫里斯与古斯塔夫斯的《战争法典》对两大法系惩戒性军事法的形成起到了奠基作用。在两大法系主要国家,惩戒性军事法以军事司法权的运作为核心,主要围绕军事司法管辖权及军事司法程序构建军事司法制度。20世纪50年代以来,受《欧洲人权公约》及《联合国公民权利和政治权利公约》的影响,两大法系惩戒性军事法的发展又呈现出了一些新的特点。     

平和司法初探——以暂缓起诉制度为视角

平和司法是恢复性司法本土化的一个尝试。从2006年烟台市检察机关开始在全市确立平和司法理念,逐步推行平和司法程序至今,烟台地区各个检察院不断探索,深入实践,在平和司法与暂缓起诉制度相结合的方面取得了丰富的理论研究成果和实践经验。这些成果和经验对推动我国公诉制度的改革与完善提供了坚实的理论基础与实践支撑。     

民事案件管理制度移入中国之质疑——从达玛什卡《司法程序和国家权力的多种面孔——比较视野中的法律程序》得到的启发

本文在达玛什卡先生启示下以司法目的为视角,在分析两种不同类型的司法程序之后,试图建立一个司法程序的十字框架,并在对此框架的分析基础之上论证民事案件管理制度移入中国的存疑性。     

论协商性的程序正义

传统的程序正义理论适用于对抗性司法程序,对于新出现的协商性司法程序不具有完整的解释力.根据认罪认罚程序和刑事和解程序的实施经验,我们可以提出一种协商性的程序正义理论.所谓协商性的程序正义,属于一种基于结果控制而实现的诉讼价值,被裁判者自愿放弃了无罪辩护权,也放弃了部分诉讼参与机会,却有可能通过协商、对话和达成妥协,对诉讼结局发挥影响、塑造和控制的作用,从而获得最大程度的实体收益.协商性的程序正义建立在诉讼主体理论、理性选择理论和功利主义哲学的基础上,可以被延伸适用于更多的非对抗性司法程序之中.从实质上看,协商性的程序正义理论并不是对传统程序正义理论的否定或取代,而属于一种必要的理论发展.     

行政权视域下侵犯知识产权罪的适用困境及应对

尽管侵犯知识产权罪属于刑事规范,但侵犯知识产权罪的行政刑法本质决定了其刑事实体规范构建于行政规范之上,由此导致其司法适用程序受到了行政权的制约和影响。解决这一困境的路径是在刑事司法程序中确立刑事司法优位权,弱化行政权的影响与制约,确保刑事司法程序的顺利进行。     

浅谈恢复性司法理念下的检察工作

面对当前社会矛盾的高发态势,传统的司法模式在犯罪人矫正、社会关系恢复等社会效果方面显得力不从心,司法机关所面临的社会管理压力逐渐加大.与此同时,恢复性司法理念却在近年来逐渐兴起,它通过采取刑事和解、社区矫正等形式,促进社会矛盾纠纷的解决,便利社会管理工作的推进.而检察机关在恢复性司法理念的指导之下,依据法律规定妥善行使不起诉权,做好司法监督,从而促使犯罪人和受害人乃至普通社会人士都积极参与到司法程序当中,促进社会关系和社会秩序的恢复,以此达到社会管理的目的.     

恢复性司法的发展、挑战与选择

传统的刑事司法制度在预防与控制犯罪中遇到了难以克服的困境,在此背景下产生了恢复性司法运动。恢复性司法运动在保护被害人权利,弥补受损社会关系、帮助被告人重返社会等方面取得了巨大的成就。然而,由于传统恢复性司法在制度设计、程序规范、实施时间等方面存在诸多缺陷,因此,对其目的、效果的质疑也与日俱增。而从制度上对恢复性司法进行完善,特别是加强审前程序的司法监督和完备审理后制度设计,是恢复性司法面对挑战的新选择。     

Teaching restorative justice to education and criminal justice majors

In academia, departments in Education and Sociology/Criminal Justice are in different colleges, but professionals in these fields frequently interact, such as probation officers working in schools and teachers working in prisons. This paper describes a course that addressed a commonality of the two by focusing on Restorative Justice. The content of the course was multi-disciplinary and co-taught by two professors from these different disciplines, and students were from a wide range of majors. Not only did the course content focus on Restorative Justice, this perspective guided how the course was taught. All classes were conducted within a Circle, students participated in the creation of the syllabus, students contracted for grades, and students organized many of the discussions. Emphasis was on critical analysis of Restorative Justice practices and theories. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations were provided as well as reflections by the teachers.     

Persia to China: the Silk Road of Restorative Justice I

This paper to the 2016 Beijing meeting of the Asian Criminological Society is the first of two lectures on the theme of The Silk Road of Restorative Justice. The second is the annual lecture of the European Forum for Restorative Justice held jointly with the Asia-Pacific Forum for Restorative Justice in Milan (Braithwaite 2017). This first paper opens the idea of restorative justice as a way of thinking that flows back and forth along the Silk Road with a special focus on the development of relational, republican, and feminist thought in ancient and modern China and Persia. Both contemporary China and Iran are left today with quite a universal yet modest national policy of support for restorative justice. Some co-optation of restorative justice by the state and disengagement from it by many key justice professionals are evident in both China and Iran. The second paper argues more normatively for openness to hybridity along the Silk Road. It identifies virtues of being a republican-socialist-capitalist-feminist advocate of restorative justice in light of what we learn along the Silk Road. The unifying message of both papers is that excellence in restorative justice is nurtured by travelling many roads in search of helpful hybrids.

     

Juvenile Justice in Pennsylvania: Mission‐Driven; Performance‐ Based; Outcome‐Focused

Since 1995, Pennsylvania's Balanced and Restorative Justice Mission has been the driving force behind Pennsylvania's reform and system improvement efforts. Pennsylvania has made strong and steady progress towards advancing this statutory mission and the related operational goals through policy, practice and programmatic enhancements over these past 20+ plus years. Three key events spurred forth this advancement: the legislative passage of Act 33 in 1995 that statutorily established the goals of Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ), the Models for Change Juvenile Justice Reform Initiative–Additional Reform Momentum (2004) and the Juvenile Justice System Enhancement Strategy–Evidence‐based Approach to the Reforms (2010).What follows is the story of how it all unfolded.     

Überlegungen zur Einführung einer Wiedergutmachungsstrafe in das österreichische Strafrecht

Eingebettet in ein umfassendes Diversionskonzept wurde vor zehn Jahren der Tatausgleich in das ?sterreichische Strafrecht allgemein eingeführt. Der Gesetzgeber hat damit das (neue) Paradigma einer Restorative Justice neben jenes der Strafe gestellt. Der gegenst?ndliche Beitrag untersucht, inwiefern sich eine Kriminalstrafe, die als so genannte Wiedergutmachungsstrafe inhaltlich Anleihen am Konzept einer Restorative Justice nimmt, für eine Einführung in das ?sterreichische Strafrecht eignet.     

Restorative Justice in India

‘Restorative Justice’ reflects a crimino-victim balanced justice system where equal justice to offenders and victims is ensured. There are four potent features of Restorative Justice: repair, restore, reconcile, and reintegrate the offenders and victims to each other and to their shared environments and communities. There are many examples within Indian criminological literature that thoroughly explain the practice of restorative justice in India. The kings who ruled in various parts of the country had practiced restorative justice in a well thought out and traditional manner. Much of Gandhian philosophy and practice is based on restorative justice principles including the participatory practices of fairness and equality. Though there is a limited amount of literature on the present restorative justice practices available in India, this paper attempts to explain restorative justice practices across the continent from the view point of society and legal provision.     

论修复性司法

与传统刑事司法相比,修复性司法在满足各方当事人需要、吸引社会公众参与、预防和减少犯罪、降低成本、提高成效等方面具有优势,但也有过度依赖当事人、适合处理的案件有限、社会控制的不当扩大和对弱势群体及当事人权利保护不力等局限。修复性司法在国家在刑事司法中的地位、刑事司法的功能、对正义的理解和犯罪解决机制多元化等方面对我们有重要启示。改革我国刑事司法,应跨越单纯改革刑事诉讼程序的狭隘思路,对刑事司法机制进行重塑,逐步建立统一协调、良性互动、功能互补、程序衔接、彼此支持的双轨制,以更好地解决犯罪问题。     

Juvenile Justice in Oregon: Balanced and Restorative Justice in Action

The goals of Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) are to hold juvenile offenders meaningfully accountable, hear and empower crime victims and engage communities both as stakeholders who have been negatively impacted and as advocates to make things right for the crime victim, offender, and community. This article examines how several Oregon juvenile justice agencies have put BARJ into action over the last 25 years, highlighting specific examples of how several agencies have made this the philosophical underpinning of their work. An overview of the philosophical principles, values, and goals that drive this approach is also discussed.     

Book Review: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Critical Issues in Restorative Justice by Howard Zehr and Barb Toews (eds). Monsey,NY: Criminal Justice Press, 2004. Reviewed by Dan Okada,California State University,Sacramento</Emphasis>.

Book Review

Book Review: Critical Issues in Restorative Justice by Howard Zehr and Barb Toews (eds). Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press, 2004. Reviewed by Dan Okada, California State University, Sacramento.     

Yoga and restorative justice in prison: An experience of “response‐ability to harms”

Divisions within the contemporary restorative justice movement in the US often manifest in one state‐supported model: balanced and restorative justice (BARJ). Paul McCold, in this symposium frames the problem with BARJ as one of a corruption of restorative justice principles by its foundation in community justice. This article suggests that BARJ and McCold’s critique share a neglect of the transformative potential of restorative justice for realizing social and economic justice. Moreover, recent experience indicates that BARJ policy planning can take place in a way supportive of Social Equity Restorative Justice (SERJ). The time appears opportune for some peacemaking within the movement.