家兔氯敌鼠中毒死亡与体内含量的关系

用家兔作为实验动物，以3个给药剂量建立氯敌鼠中毒模型，采用反相高效液相色谱法测定染毒免各脏器组织中氯敌鼠的含量，探讨氯敌鼠中毒死亡与体内含量的关系。     

固液萃取——导数紫外光谱法测定血中氯敌鼠

氯敌鼠是国内近几年使用的杀鼠剂之一,化学结构属茚满二酮类。在司法鉴定实践中,时有因误吸。投毒氯敌鼠引起的中毒案件发生,而国内对氯敌鼠中毒检验的研究甚少。本文运用固液提取技术和导数紫外光谱技术,对生物检材中氯敌鼠的测定进行了实验研究。结果表明:方法简便、快速、可靠。     

兔尿中敌鼠及其代谢物的HPLC-DAD分析

目的 尿中敌鼠及其代谢物的HPLC分析方法研究。方法 用CN柱和SAX柱的固相萃取(SPE)技术分离提取兔尿中的敌鼠及其代谢物,用香豆素作内标,用HPLC-DAD方法进行fenxi。色谱柱:Hypersil BDSC_(18)(150×4.6mm):保护柱:Phenomenex C_(18) (ODS,4×3.0mm,Octadecyl;流动相A:0.5％离子对A水溶液,B:0.5%离子对A甲醇液,梯度程序洗脱;DAD检测波长为311nm。结果 在中毒的兔尿中检出11种敌鼠代谢物。结论 此方法简单、准确、快速。     

内标监控反相高效液相色谱法测定生物材料中的立克命

本文经实验研究,建立了以1,1′-联-(2-萘酚)作为内标监控检测生物材料中立克命的反相HPLC 方法。经实验证明空白兔肝中添加回收率达90%,同一染毒兔肝多次测定结果表明有较满意的重现性。生物材料中的内源性杂质不干扰测定。本法可用于分析毒理学的研究,也可用于立克命中毒案件的检验。     

生物样品中敌鼠钠盐和溴敌隆杀鼠药的检验

介绍了敌鼠和溴敌隆抗凝血杀鼠药的定性定量分析方法.在酸性条件下,选用液-液提取和C_(18)柱固相萃取方法处理生物样品,用高效液相色谱法和薄层色谱方法定性定量分析.方法适用于中毒案件的检验.     

生物材料和医疗器材监督管理办法

第一条为了加强生物材料和医疗器材监督管理,保障临床使用安全有效,维护人民身体健康,特制定本办法。第二条本办法所称生物材料和医疗器材是指用于诊断和治疗的介入和植入人体的材料和器材。生物材料和医疗器材品种管理范围由卫生部制定并公布。第三条国家鼓励生物材料和医疗器材的科学研究和先进技术的推广,充分发挥其在防病治病和康复保健中的作用。第四条卫生部负责制定生物材料和医疗器材的卫生标准,颁布技术要求;批准临床研究;审批生物材料和医疗器材,并核发批准文号。省级卫生行政部门负责对生物材料和医疗器材临床研究     

生物材料中溴氰菊酯的内标监控高效液相色谱分析方法研究

本文经实验研究建立了以反式二氯苯醚酯为监控内标反相高效液相色谱检测生物材料中溴氰菊酯的方法。通过空白兔肝添加试验验证了方法的回收率,工作曲线线性及数份样品的重视性。结果满意。并通过染毒动物试验验证了方法的实用性。     

法学视野下的人工器官产品研究

随着生物材料技术、免疫抑制技术、转基因和克隆工程的发展，人工器官正逐渐通过实验研究进入临床应用阶段，为解决器官捐献人不足开辟了新途径。受法律调整的人工器官应当包括人工材料制成的医疗设备和装置、利用干细胞技术培育的人工器官和组织、被敲除与人血不相容的动物DNA片段的动物器官和组织。人工器官与生命伦理密切相关，其造成的损害具有特殊性。警示、召回是人工器官缺陷的主要补救措施。人工器官分配除了应当考虑相对成功率、预期寿命和家庭角色，还应当考虑拟植入候选人的过去服务，以便体现公正原则。     

1994年《刑事技术》1～6期(总第103～108期)总目录

·实验研究·花炮药的SEM-EDX分析l·19打印文件油墨的可见及导数光谱法检验1·1 便携式激光显现潜在印文图案l·20固液荤取-导数紫外光谱法测定血中敌2·1 利用肌肉组织检测埋葬22天死婴的1·22鼠纳PGMI和ESD例用特异兔抗人精蛋白抗体间接EI.ISA 2·sl种改良的毛发ABO血型检验法 1·24法检测人精班 湘西地区土家族人群691例ABO表型1·26悬浮液法显现潜手印的研究(l)2·8 分布和基因频率调查显微分光光度法区分油漆样品的研究3·1 硝酸银法显现汗潜手印时效问题的研究1·28大口径毛细管GC-FID对氟乙酞胺的色3·4“502”熏显指印…     

大鼠口服敌敌畏和呋喃丹急性中毒后血液胆碱酯酶体外自动复能的动态观察

作者测定了中毒鼠血胆碱酯酶活性在体外室温下的动态变化,观察研究胆碱酯酶自动复能的特点。结果表明中毒鼠血胆碱酯酶活性体外自动复能在72小时内达最大值;敌敌畏中毒鼠血胆碱酯酶自动复能较呋喃丹组幅度大而下降也快;至第17天,与对照组相比,敌敌畏中毒鼠血胆碱酯酯活性仍有显著性差异。根据实验结果就中毒鼠血胆碱酯酶自动复能的法医学意义作了讨论。     

Excretion of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in sweat

The aims of this study were: first, to determine the accuracy of the Cameriere method for assessing chronological age in children based on the relationship between age and measurement of open apices in teeth and, second, to compare the accuracy of this method with the widely used Demirjian et al. method and with the method proposed by Willems et al. Orthopantomographs taken from white Italian, Spain and Croatian children (401 girls, 355 boys) aged between 5 and 15 years were analysed following the Cameriere, Demirjian and Willems methods. The difference between chronological and dental age was calculated for each individual and each method (residual). The accuracy of each method was assessed using the mean of the absolute values of the residuals (mean prediction error). Results showed that the Cameriere method slightly underestimated the real age of children. The median of the residuals was 0.081 years (interquartile range, IQR=0.668 years) for girls and 0.036 years for boys (interquartile range, IQR=0.732 years). The Willems method showed an overestimation of the real age of boys, with a median residual error of -0.247 years and an underestimation of the real age of girls (median residual error=0.073 years). Lastly, the Demirjian method overestimated the real age of both boys and girls, with a median residual error of -0.750 years for girls and -0.611 years for boys. The Cameriere method yielded a mean prediction error of 0.407 years for girls and 0.380 years for boys. Although the accuracy of this method was better for boys than for girls, the difference between the two mean prediction errors was not statistically significant (p=0.19). The Demirjian method was found to overestimate age for both boys and girls but the mean prediction error for girls was significantly greater than that for boys (p=0.024), and was significantly less accurate than the Cameriere method (p<0.001). The Willems method was better than that of Demirjian (p=0.0032), but was significantly less accurate than that of Cameriere (p<0.001).     

毛细管气相色谱法测定酱油中4-甲基咪唑的含量

目的建立毛细管气相色谱法定量分析酱油中有毒成分4-甲基咪唑的方法。方法酱油样品在层析柱中用二氯甲烷洗脱,洗脱液浓缩后加入N,N-二甲基苯胺作为内标,采用DB-FFAP毛细管柱分离样品,氮磷检测器测定4-甲基咪唑含量。结果方法线性范围为4.9~1.5×102μg/L;检测限为0.16μg/L;标准加入0.0102mg和0.0602mg 4-甲基咪唑的平均回收率为97.25%和99.44%。结论本文方法具有操作简便、快速、准确等优点,可用于检验酱油中的4-甲基咪唑。     

Validity of Demirjian's and modified Demirjian's methods in age estimation for Korean juveniles and adolescents

In estimating age of juveniles and adolescents, the teeth are employed primarily because of its low variability and less affection by endocrine and nutritional status in development. Demirjian established criteria for evaluating maturity of teeth and his method has been used throughout the world. However, several studies showed the inappropriateness of Demirjian's method on populations other than the one it is based on. Consequently some researchers modified Demirjian's method using data of several different populations. Demirjian himself also published a revised method to overcome other shortcomings of his original method. The aim of this study was to test the validity of Demirjian's and the modified methods (Demirjian's revised, Willems', Chaillet's and new Korean methods) for Korean juveniles and adolescents. 1483 digital orthopantomograms which consist of 754 males and 729 females in the age range of 3-16 years were collected. New age estimation method based on Korean population data was calculated. Dental age was estimated according to each method and the validity was evaluated using the differences between chronological and dental age. The inter- and intra-observer reliability was evaluated to be excellent. Statistically significant difference was observed between chronological and dental age in all the methods for both sexes except new Korean method for both sexes and Demirjian's revised method for males. However, when analyzing absolute and squared value of difference, Willems' method was found to be most accurate followed by new Korean method with slight difference for Korean population for both sexes. In conclusion, both Willems' method and new Korean method conducted by present study were proven to be suitable for Korean population.     

RUS-CHN图谱骨龄评价法用于推侧青少年年龄

目的探讨RUS-CHN(RC)图谱评价法用于13~18岁青少年年龄推侧的应用价值。方法4 424名(男2 272,女2 152)13~18岁正常城市汉族青少年,以简化RUS-CHN法建立手腕骨发育等级图谱。另以1 048名(男530,女518)13~18岁青少年为检验样本,比较不同方法骨龄与生活年龄的差异。结果RUS-CHN图谱法可仅评价桡骨、尺骨远端和第III指的4块掌指骨骺。检验样本中男14~17岁、女13~16岁年龄组,RC图谱法骨龄与生活年龄之间的差异均无统计学显著性(W ilcoxon符号秩和检验,P>0.05),对男18岁、女17岁组出现显著性差异的可能原因进行了讨论。结论RUS-CHN图谱法骨龄适用于男13~18岁、女13~17岁青少年的年龄推测。     

A novel approach to condom lubricant analysis: In-situ analysis of swabs by FT-Raman Spectroscopy and its effects on DNA analysis

Current methods for the analysis of swabs for condom lubricants require a portion of the swab to be extracted. This requirement causes issues for those who require the swab for DNA extraction. A novel method is presented that facilitates analysis of the swab without the need for extraction. The method was shown to be equivalent to the traditional methods in terms of its sensitivity and discriminating power.The impact of the method on subsequent DNA extraction of swabs was assessed and no detrimental effects were observed.The method was used to conduct a survey of the current market for the supply of condoms in the UK. 90% of the UK condom market consists of condoms lubricated with PDMS.     

高效液相色谱法快速分离测定血浆中的乌头碱

目的建立血液中乌头碱的高效液相色谱快速分析方法。方法以空白人血浆添加乌头碱标准品对血液样品的前处理方法、仪器测试条件、线性范围、精密度、回收率进行全面考查,建立乌头碱定量分析方法。对血液中所含乌头碱的浓度进行测定。结果该方法在血液中的线性范围是0.1~5.0μg/m l;最低检测浓度为0.1μg/m l;日内、日间精密度分别小于3.7%和4.5%;回收率在(97.0±4.1)%以上。结论所建方法实用、便捷,可对血液中乌头碱的含量进行快速测定。     

全血中扎来普隆两种萃取方法的比较

目的建立血样中扎来普隆的液液萃取和固相萃取方法。方法液液萃取方法是在碱性条件下用二氯甲烷提取。固相萃取是采用OasisHLB固相萃取柱提取,萃取液均用GC/NPD检验,并对其进行比较。结果血样中扎来普隆固相萃取平均回收率达89%以上,液液萃取平均回收率为84%,GC/NPD最低检出限为2×10-2μg.mL-1。结论两种方法均能满足实际检案的需求,而固相萃取方法在减少仪器损耗和内源性杂质干扰方面具有较大的优势。     

电热板消解电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定人发中33种无机元素的含量

目的建立头发中33种无机元素的电热板消解电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductivelycoupledplas—ma—IllasssDectrometry,ICP—MS）测定方法。方法以锂（6Li）、锗（^72Ge）、钇（^89Y）、铟（^115In）、铽（^159yb）作内标,硝酸和过氧化氢作为消解酸体系．采用电热板消解对头发进行前处理,ICP—MS法分析人发中33种无机元素的含量。结果电热板消解ICP—MS法的检出限为0．0001μg／g（Th）-10．9μg／g（Ca）,定量限为O．0005μg／g（Th）～25μg／g（Ca）,加标回收率为86％～113％,日内及日间精密度≤9.2％,与微波消解法检测结果相比,差异无统计学意义。结论电热板消解ICP—MS法高效、准确度高,适用于对头发中33种无机元素的分析。     

海量数据取证方法的探讨

目的对当前我国电子物证检验中提取到的海量数据信息的取证难题进行探讨。方法对数据文件中海量数据信息的特点及其传统取证方法进行分析研究。结果提出开发专用工具软件进行海量数据文件的提取。结论利用专用提取工具软件可以对常见数据文件中有规律性的数据内容进行读取、计算、查重和汇总,使海量涉案数据文件的检验从传统的人工方式转变为计算机的自动处理。     

Selenium determination in mother and child's hair by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

A method for the selenium determination in a mother and her child's hair using palladium as a chemical modifier was optimized. The sample was digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and diluted to 5 ml. To achieve complete mineralization the samples were ashed at 1200 degrees C in the presence of palladium as a chemical modifier. The optimum atomization temperature was 1900 degrees C. The precision and accuracy of the method were studied using the reference material CRM 397. Results of calibration using aqueous standards and the standard addition method were compared. The method was applied to the selenium determination in 30 samples of the mother's and child's hair. The levels found were 0.54 +/- 0.34 microgram/g for mother's hair and 0.77 +/- 0.25 microgram/g for child's hair.