The Japanese worker

Abstract

Robert Cole points out in his introduction to Japanese Blue Collar that there are two dominant but conflicting views of the social relations of production in the Japanese economy, views which Cole conveniently sums up under the rubrics of “uniqueness” and “convergence.”     

近代日本医护队伍的发展

明治维新以后,日本大力发展医疗事业,创立了以西方医学为基础的近代医学教育和行政体系,培养了大批职业的医生、助产士和护士等医学人才。近代日本医护队伍的发展,提高了医护人员的社会地位和职业水平,推动了医学知识和卫生意识的传播和普及,为日本人口数量和质量的提高做出了卓越贡献。     

日本企业CSR的推进机制

企业虽以获取经济的最大利润为根本,但除此之外,企业作为社会的基本单位之一,还需为社会、环境等的可持续发展尽自己的一份责任和力量。日本企业的CSR活动虽晚于欧美主要发达国家,但近年来发展速度很快。日本企业通过确立CSR理念、建立相关规章制度以及具体推进措施等积累了诸多成功经验,值得学习与借鉴。     

The Japanese economy on the mend

There are two main reasons for the prolonged period of weak growth in the Japanese economy, says Mikio Wakatsuki, Chairman of the Board of Counsellors, The Japan Research Institute, Tokyo. The first is complacency; the second is that Japan has overlooked the implications of changes in the global economic paradigm. Both have led Japan to procrastination in dealing with the problems it faces. Wakatsuki identifies five problems in the Japanese economy: deflation, debt, deregulation, deficit, and demography. Despite the challenges these problems pose, he sees 1999 as a year of consolidation and rehabilitation for the economy, which will pave the way for a moderate, healthy upswing in the year 2000.     

The rise of China and the changing face of East Asia

In this exerpt from a presentation of the same title, Vogel examines some key changes that have occurred in China and in the United States that have an impact on US-China relations and then offers comments about responses that might be appropriate for Japan to consider.     

Corporate governance in Germany: The changing role of the banks

The article analyses the different channels ‐ industrial stakes, supervisory board mandates, proxy voting ‐ by which German banks can exert influence on industrial companies. The central thesis is that even where the banks have such influence they do not dominate the companies. A recent empirical study on the effects of the alleged bank dominance over industrial companies with detrimental effects on their performance is shown to contain major methodological mistakes. The relationship between banks and industry is undergoing some distinct changes. Banks have substantially reduced their industrial stakes as well as their representation on supervisory boards, which underlines that they are not striving for industrial leadership. Despite a clear trend in the German corporate sector to pay increasing attention to shareholder value and to provide more transparency in accounting, it seems premature to expect the German capital market, including the corporate governance system, to incorporate fully the Anglo‐Saxon model in the immediate future.     

日本国风文化的特征与意义

国风文化是产生于平安时代中期以后的独具日本风韵的文化。其主要表现为净土信仰的流行、造型艺术的繁荣以及国文学的隆盛。以贵族为中心、以和风为主体的国风文化,对后世日本文化的发展与繁荣给予了深远而持久的影响。     

日本佛教题材文学的演变及当代转型

始于明治元年的"废佛毁释"运动彻底改变了日本佛教的命运,由此产生的新文化语境与思想生态对日本佛教题材文学的创作产生了重大影响。纵观近代以来约150年间的日本佛教题材文学,其中的佛教思想接受模式呈现了从信仰、怀疑、理性主义到多元宗教观的变迁,实践了与佛教地位转型相呼应的文学创作转型。而多元信仰的必然结果是人们无暇顾及自我磨砺,急功近利的宗教心理使得"他力思想"和"恶人正机"等方便法门取代了注重修行的正统佛教思想。新生代僧侣作家的登场则将传统僧侣文学和现代文学融于一体,既让人们了解到神秘的僧界,亦使佛教更多地介入了现代世俗生活,他们作品中呈现的多元宗教观亦符合当下日本民众的多元信仰形态。     

略论中日关系中的能源因素

能源因素是影响中日关系的重要变量.20世纪以来,中日间的能源关系大致历经了两个阶段:日本帝国主义大肆掠夺中国能源时期和新中国成立之后中日间平等互利的能源合作时期.后冷战时期,随着国际格局的演变,日本新保守主义的抬头,中日之间在能源安全领域的竞争日趋激烈.积极倡导中日间能源领域的合作不仅有助于改善两国关系,而且对维护东亚稳定具有重要意义.