Forensic medical characteristic of the neurovascular apparatus in the case of spinal cord injury

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the results of the author's investigations concerning spinal cord injuries. The voluminous material obtained with the use of up-to-date research methods (histological, histochemical, and biochemical) includes basic data on the mechanisms of regulation of blood circulation under normal conditions and in the case of a mechanical injury. It is shown that pathological morphological changes in the affected areas of the spinal cord as well as activities of transport enzymes in the capillaries and the reactive processes in the monoaminoergic nervous apparatus of he arteries may be used as the objective criteria for the determination of the time of the injury. The results of these studies find application in the practical diagnostic work for the estimation of the time of the spinal cord injury.     

阑尾切除术引起医疗纠纷法医学鉴定1例

某男，27岁。2002年8月9日因腹痛在当地医院就诊，以“急性阑尾炎”收入院。住院病历记录：患者因“中上腹痛2天，全腹痛1天”入院。查体：T 38℃．R 20次份，P 84次份，BP 13．3／8kPa，急性痛苦面容，头颈、心肺检查阴性，腹平坦，未见肠型及蠕动波，全腹压痛、反跳痛及肌紧张，以下腹明显，移动性浊音阳性，肠     

阑尾切除术引起医疗纠纷法医学鉴定1例

案　例某男 ,2 7岁。 2 0 0 2年 8月 9日因腹痛在当地医院就诊 ,以“急性阑尾炎”收入院。住院病历记录 :患者因“中上腹痛 2天 ,全腹痛 1天”入院。查体 :T 38℃ ,R 2 0次 /分 ,P 84次 /分 ,BP 13.3/ 8kPa,急性痛苦面容 ,头颈、心肺检查阴性 ,腹平坦 ,未见肠型及蠕动波 ,全腹压痛、反跳痛及肌紧张 ,以下腹明显 ,移动性浊音阳性 ,肠鸣音 3次 /分 ,腹穿抽出 2ml脓性液体。辅助检查 :血常规WBC 11.2× 10 9/L ,N 81%。B超示腹腔积液。入院诊断 :急性坏疽性阑尾炎穿孔 ,全腹膜炎。急诊行剖腹探查术 ,术中发现 :大网膜充血下移 ,肠管充血 ,…     

颅脑损伤致精神障碍的法医学鉴定

本文综述了国内外颅脑损伤致精神障碍的相关法医学现状,特别是对于鉴定中的常见问题进行了简要的综述。     

Forensic medical evaluation of stab-incised wounds caused by knives with point defects

The present experimental study allowed to characterize specific signs of stab-incised wounds caused by knives with operational point defects. Diagnostic coefficients calculated for these macro- and microscopic features facilitate differential diagnostics of the injuries and make it possible to identify a concrete stabbing/cutting weapon with which the wound was inflicted..     

Forensic medical characteristics of stab wounds caused by objects differing in the blade sharpness

Based on the results of the present experimental study, morphological and histological criteria for incised skin wounds from objects differing in the blade sharpness were developed.     

Forensic medical assessment of the mechanisms of development of gunshot lesions caused by elastic destructive agents

This paper reports the results of analysis of the data obtained in experimental studies and practical expert assessments of body injuries inflicted by rubber balls for traumatic weapons. The causes accounting for the polymorphism of such injuries and the mechanisms of their development were elucidated by means of damage simulation taking into consideration the physical and dynamic properties of elastic ball-type destructive agents and the morphological structure of different anatomical regions of the human body. The results of the study may be of interest for differential diagnostics of gunshot lesions caused by elastic destructive agents.     

Forensic medical assessment of injuries to the human body and clothes caused by a crossbow arrow

Analysis of the data published in the special literature revealed the lack of information for the objective comprehensive forensic medical evaluation of injuries to the human body and clothes caused by the arrows from different models of crossbows. Morphological characteristics of injuries were shown to strongly depend on the design features of the arrows. This fact can be used to differentiate between injuries inflicted by crossbow arrows and other types of missile weapons.     

多人伤法医学检验的探讨

在法医学活体或尸体检验实践中,由多人(有二人或二人以上致伤者)对同一人体所造成的损伤(简称为多人伤),评定其严重程度或进行死因分析,可能存在争议.     

Forensic medical diagnostics of the extent of the thigh skin injury inflicted by motor vehicles of different weight

The authors report the results of an experimental study designed to characterize microstructural changes in the thigh skin caused by the impacts simulating the car wheel loads of different intensity. It was shown that histological methods can be used to discriminate between the intensities of traumatic loading on biological tissues.     

Forensic medical assessment of the validity of medical risk

The notions of an unfavorable outcome as accepted in medical practice as well as those of defected medical care and of iatrogeny are presented in the paper alongside with examples from forensic medical practice. An algorithm is suggested for the thanatogenetic analysis applicable to detection and evaluation of the cause-and-effect relations between the therapeutic-and-diagnostic measures, on the one hand, and the above outcome, on the other hand. Risk criteria are substantiated with reference to medical practice. Finally, a objective assessment scheme is suggested to confirm that the diagnostic and treatment tools, related with a higher risk, were justifiable.     

Forensic medical characteristics of the injuries inflicted by home-made arbalest

The classification of arbalests as a representative of the class of missiles is presented. Basic design characteristics of such weapon, wounds and damage to cotton targets from shot distances 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 m are described.     

Forensic medical characteristics of the injuries inflicted by modern sport bow

Modern bows are classified as representatives of darts. Construction characteristics of bows and arrows, damage to experimental cotton targets from shooting distance of 1-15 m are described.     

与医源性相关的输卵管妊娠破裂死亡法医病理学研究

目的探讨输卵管妊娠破裂死亡的特点.方法对1990-2005年10月间华西医科大学法医学院14例输卵管妊娠破裂死亡尸检病例进行分析.结果死亡病例以31～34岁之间居多,职业以农民、个体户、待业多见.孕次和流产的关系分析表明,其妊娠破裂以生育过、怀孕2～4次、流产2～4次居多.危险因素以宫内安置节育环、不育症为主.输卵管妊娠死亡多发生在区级医院及个体卫生所,以菌痢治疗多见.尸解所见均为腹腔积血,病理观察见绒毛组织结构,且符合失血性休克的病理改变.结论孕龄期妇女应注意月经期,出现闭经及腹部不适症状应急时到医院做检查,医院同时应做HCG检查及B超检查以便做出正确诊断及治疗.     

肺动脉栓塞猝死的法医病理学检验

对５０例肺动脉栓塞猝死案例分析,结果显示：引起肺动脉栓塞猝死的主要原因为创伤（４２％）,心脏疾病（３２％）,外科手术（２０％）等。血栓栓子多来源于下肢静脉（８０％）;其次为心腔内附壁血栓（２０％）。发生猝死高峰季节为１０～１２月;低峰季节为４～６月。猝死场所多见于医院内。最后提出了该病的法医学鉴定注意事项     

与医源性相关的输卵管妊娠破裂死亡法医病理学研究

目的探讨输卵管妊娠破裂死亡的特点。方法对1990—2005年10月间华西医科大学法医学院14例输卵管妊娠破裂死亡尸检病例进行分析。结果死亡病例以31￣34岁之间居多,职业以农民、个体户、待业多见。孕次和流产的关系分析表明,其妊娠破裂以生育过、怀孕2￣4次、流产2￣4次居多。危险因素以宫内安置节育环、不育症为主。输卵管妊娠死亡多发生在区级医院及个体卫生所,以菌痢治疗多见。尸解所见均为腹腔积血,病理观察见绒毛组织结构,且符合失血性休克的病理改变。结论孕龄期妇女应注意月经期,出现闭经及腹部不适症状应急时到医院做检查,医院同时应做HCG检查及B超检查以便做出正确诊断及治疗。