The Responsibility Gap in Corporate Crime

In many cases of criminality within large corporations, senior management does not commit the operative offense—or conspire or assist in it—but nonetheless bears serious responsibility for the crime. That responsibility can derive from, among other things, management’s role in cultivating corporate culture, in failing to police effectively within the firm, and in accepting lavish compensation for taking the firm’s reins. Criminal law does not include any doctrinal means for transposing that form of responsibility into punishment. Arguments for expanding doctrine—including broadening of the presently narrow “responsible corporate officer” doctrine—so as to authorize such punishment do not fare well under the justificatory demands of criminal law theory. The principal obstacle to such arguments is the large industrial corporation itself, which necessarily entails kinds and degrees of delegation and risk-taking that do not fit well with settled concepts about mens rea and omission liability. Even the most egregious and harmful management failures must be addressed through design and regulation of the corporation rather than imposition of individual criminal liability.     

由计算机犯罪所引发的思考

互联网的发展,网络已开始深入渗透到人们的生活中,网络犯罪也应运而生。在互联网上不仅可以实施以计算机系统为犯罪对象的新型犯罪,还大大便利了传统犯罪的实施,并赋于传统犯罪新的特征。计算机犯罪尤其是网络犯罪与传统犯罪的巨大差异,对于传统道德观、法律观产生了冲击,对现行刑事司法协助也产生了冲击。     

电子商务与计算机犯罪

本文研究电子商务领域计算机犯罪及司法实践中可能遇到的问题 ,以期引起司法界和刑法学界的关注。     

计算机犯罪浅析

本文针对计算机犯罪的定义、特征出现的不同理解,提出了作者的认识,分析了常见的计算机犯罪的几种现象。指出目前大多数国家防治计算机犯罪的法律都是不健全的,远远滞后于计算机犯罪的现实情况,这不仅体现在法规本身的数量和适用范围上,在诉讼程序上也是如此。并针对具体问题提出了个人的建议。     

计算机犯罪中的电子证据研究

随着计算机技术的推广运用 ,计算机犯罪不断发展变化。证实计算机犯罪最主要的证据是电子证据。电子证据具有技术性、易变性、隐蔽性和虚拟性的特点 ,属于书证。直接言词规则、最佳证据规则及我国现行法律规定并不影响电子证据的证据价值。电子证据要通过客观性、相关性和合法性的查证。     

再论计算机犯罪概念

犯罪学与刑法学都以犯罪作为主要的研究对象,但是由于两种学科的任务和目的不同,导致犯罪学与刑法学是两种不同的语言环境。计算机犯罪概念在犯罪学和刑法学的定义中也会存在较大的差异,此差异是目前计算机犯罪概念难以形成统一认识的最重要的原因。如果在犯罪学语境中定义计算机犯罪,那么计算机犯罪的外延包括以计算机作为犯罪对象的计算机犯罪和以计算机作为犯罪工具的计算机犯罪。     

触目惊心的计算机犯罪

据瑞典互联网市场研究公司Royal Pingdom发布的研究报告显示,2012年全球网民人数的总量已突破22亿,较2007年的11.5亿人增加了将近100%。从这一仍在不断攀升的数据中我们不难发现,计算机及网络科学技术已与人们的日常生活密切相关。在对于此类技术高度依赖的同时,涉及计算机及网络的科学技术也悄然出现在犯罪活动中。作为现代科技的产物,计算机在一定程度上也成了犯罪手段、犯罪方式、犯罪工具、犯罪目标、犯罪证据以及储存有关犯罪行为的信息库。     

计算机犯罪的特征及立法完善

本文结合修订后的刑法第285条、第286条、第287条有关计算机犯罪的规定,对计算机犯罪的类型及主要特征进行了探讨,并针对我国刑法中关于计算机犯罪规定的不足,提出了完善刑法的立法建议。     

政府犯罪：研究国家国际犯罪的新视角

基于国际社会面对"国家犯罪"与国家刑事责任的争论,简要介绍政府犯罪观念产生的背景、初步概念、独立性及政府刑事责任双罚制;着重分析政府犯罪与国家犯罪的关系;得出尽管政府在国家不法行为和国际犯罪中扮演重要的角色,但政府犯罪不能完全等同于国家犯罪这一结论.在现有的国家责任体系中,建立政府刑事责任制度,具有法理和实践层面的可行性,符合国际社会现实状况.     

计算机网络犯罪的侦查与防控探析

信息技术的广泛应用,推动着社会的发展,人类的进步。然而,利用计算机网络犯罪的现象也相伴而生。近年来,各类重特大案件中涉及到计算机网络也越来越多,如何遏制利用计算机网络犯罪,已是世界各国共同面临的新的突出问题。公安机关计算机网络犯罪侦查部门和相关领域的专家、学者也都在着力于研究网络犯罪的侦查措施和如何防控。     

收入差距、经济增长与中国的财产犯罪——1978-2005年的实证研究

通过对中国1978-2005年间收入差距、经济增长等宏观经济因素对财产犯罪的影响所进行的实证研究发现,全国、城镇内部、农村内部以及城乡之间的收入差距对财产犯罪产生了显著的影响,经济增长与财产犯罪呈显著的负相关关系,同时中国的财产犯罪还表现出明显的惯性特征。而诸如人均GDP、城市化、福利开支等虽然对财产犯罪产生了影响,但都不显著。     

计算机犯罪及其防控措施研究

计算机犯罪是当今国际社会面临的一种全新的高科技犯罪.我国的计算机犯罪虽然历史不长,但发展迅猛.如何有效地防范、控制和打击计算机犯罪,以维护国家安全、经济安全和网络安全,是目前急需研究解决的重大现实问题.本文从研究计算机犯罪的特点、类型入手,针对我国计算机犯罪防控工作中存在的问题,提出了防控的基本对策.     

Crime statistics: A mathematical perspective

This paper compares the crime statistics generated by the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to those generated by the National Crime Survey (NCS), collected by the Census Bureau for the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. The crime reporting process is described for both the UCR and NCS to determine the nature of their respective biases. Events within the processes are analyzed to develop a new estimate of crime incidence based on both the UCR and NCS. Numerical examples are then developed to point out the deficiencies in the NCS, and to make suggestions for the improvement of its accuracy.     

Technology, Criminology and Crime Science

Developments in technology have changed the environment of crime, which, in some of its new forms, poses a serious threat to society. At the same time the technologies of crime control are being transformed. If criminology is to respond adequately to this changed environment, it must make radical changes in its mission, its theories and its methodologies, the collective result of which would be to make the discipline more directly relevant to crime control and prevention. This would enhance the effectiveness of these activities and would also open up new and exciting career opportunities for criminologists. If criminology does not change, it will become eclipsed by crime science and will find it increasingly hard to survive – even in the protected environment of universities.     

The Moral Mirror Image of Crime: A Comparison of Recorded Crime and Crime Recorded in Fiction

Moral and ethical aspects of crime are often ignored in most criminological research. In order to probe these two dimensions, crime recorded in fiction was compared with statistically recorded crime. Two hypotheses were tested: the first suggested that crime fiction portrayed the “reality” of actual statistics, while the second suggested that crime fiction was totally unrelated to crime statistics. Comparing data obtained from a North American literary journal and crime statistics obtained from a Canadian province, the results of the study supported the second hypothesis and indicated that crime fiction was totally unrelated to recorded statistics. Crime fiction seemed to represent a moral pacemaker of the perceived fears of the public, while crime statistics seem to represent the criminal pulse of society.

The negative correlation between fiction and recorded statistics is a significant find in that it indicates the reading public's preoccupation and fascination with a very small segment of criminal activity in society—an unrealistic fear of serious injury or death due to violent crime, far out of proportion with reality especially when impending doom is much more probable on the highways in automobile accidents.     

Crime and Crime Control in an Age of Globalization: A Theoretical Dissection

This article examines theimpact of globalization on both crime and crimecontrol at the national and global levels. Tomake conceptual sense out of the transformingnature of these activities at the turn of the21st century, a threefold analysis ispresented: (1) an overview of the threetraditional developmental models of crime andcrime control – modernization, world system,and opportunity; (2) a characterization ofcrime and crime control in relationship to themore recently emerging models of globalization;and (3) a discussion of the implications of thedialectical relations between the models ofdevelopment and the models of globalization.Assessments of the models and other provisionalconclusions are drawn based on a survey of bothcrime and crime control in 15 developed,developing, and post-traditional nation-states.     

Abetting a Crime: A New Approach

Law and Philosophy - In “Abetting a Crime,” Husak puzzles over what, exactly, abettors are held liable for. Having (correctly) dismissed the proposal that derivative liability can...     

现场分析处理技术的研究与思考

随着科技的发展，三维信息、三维虚拟现实动画已经越来越多的出现在人们的视野中。国内一些公安机关已经将三维虚拟技术应用到犯罪现场数据采集中，为了减少三维采集数据处理的时间，提高应用数据的效率。本文将研究方向定位在研发一个集一维信息、二维信息、三维信息、漫游系统、三维仿真动画等功能于一身的三维制作平台，并探讨其在案件侦查中的运用。