《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》浅说

当今世界,不断滋生和蔓延的跨国有组织犯罪已经严重威胁到了全人类的共同利益。一方面,跨国有组织犯罪集团以聚敛到巨额非法收益为资本加紧向民主政体的渗透与腐蚀,造成了政治统治上的腐败和法律秩序上的混乱;另一方面,跨国有组织犯罪又与各种经济犯罪、环境犯罪、恐怖主义活动相伴生,不但严重损害合法资本持有者的利益,而且直接威胁各国国民经济体系的根基。同时,偷渡、贩卖人口、国际卖淫等有组织犯罪更是构成了对各国人民的生存权、发展权等基本人权的肆意践踏。正是基于面临的这种严峻形势,联合国迅速把如何采取积极的司法对策以有效打击跨国有组织犯罪事实列为其重要的战     

China’s Implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

Seven years since signing and four years into its implementation, how well is China living up to the terms and spirit of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC)? This paper reviews China’s compliance with UNTOC’s requirements concerning domestic criminal law and concludes that current P.R.C. law is substantially in conformity with UNTOC, though further legislative action is necessary to achieve full compliance. Looking beyond the law on the books, China continues to be a staunch supporter of international cooperation, as called for by UNTOC. Yet UNTOC has received scant attention in China compared with other multilateral instruments in the criminal justice realm. The timeline of reform begs the question whether UNTOC is responsible for goading China into taking any concrete legislative action. This paper posits that, in the absence of UNTOC, China’s domestic law would look exactly the same today.     

Crime statistics: A mathematical perspective

This paper compares the crime statistics generated by the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to those generated by the National Crime Survey (NCS), collected by the Census Bureau for the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. The crime reporting process is described for both the UCR and NCS to determine the nature of their respective biases. Events within the processes are analyzed to develop a new estimate of crime incidence based on both the UCR and NCS. Numerical examples are then developed to point out the deficiencies in the NCS, and to make suggestions for the improvement of its accuracy.     

《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》及其议定书解析

《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》是当前国际社会打击跨国有组织犯罪的重要法律依据,公约附属的三项议定书则针对贩运人口、偷运移民和贩运枪支等跨国犯罪的制裁进行了全面的规范。公约和议定书在协调各国法律的基础上,强调国际刑事司法的一般准则,并提出了一系列崭新的构想和制度设计。本文在回顾公约及其议定书制定过程的基础上,对公约与议定书的相互关系,公约所确定的国际刑事司法准则,以及特定的跨国有组织犯罪问题进行了详细的解释与分析。     

解读《联合国反腐败公约》完善贿赂犯罪之刑事立法

《联合国反腐败公约》是联合国历史上通过的第一部指导国际反腐败斗争的法律文件,我国已经批准了该公约.领会《公约》的基本精神、树立科学的反腐理念对我国贿赂犯罪之立法完善具有重要意义.     

《联合国反腐败公约》预防机制透视及其启示

《联合国反腐败公约》提出,治理腐败犯罪必须建立一套科学的、可行的、综合的社会预防机制。这一机制的提出,对于健全和完善我国反腐败机制,特别是对反商业贿赂犯罪机制的建立和完善具有一定的借鉴价值。     

论《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》与我国刑事司法理念之转变

《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》通过一系列刑事司法原则以及相关实体法和程序法的规定,体现了控制犯罪与保障人权两大刑事司法理念的统一。然而,面对我国的现实国情,针对两大理念的现实冲突,我国应当在吸取国外先进立法经验的基础上,积极转变司法理念,朝着以人权保障为依归的方向演进。只有这样,我国的刑事司法改革才能顺应世界司法改革的潮流,才能实现两大理念的动态平衡,才能将国际刑事司法准则一以贯之。     

《联合国反腐败公约》与我国反洗钱立法的完善

《联合国反腐败公约》对洗钱犯罪作了规定,我国现行《刑法》对洗钱罪的规定与《公约》存在较大差异,从而使我国对洗钱罪及其上游犯罪的预防和打击的效果受到影响。我们有必要对洗钱罪的犯罪构成要件作深入的研究并根据《公约》的规定完善我国关于洗钱犯罪的立法。     

The United Nations Convention on the Law of International Watercourses: A Frameworkfor Sharing

Netherlands International Law Review -     

Crime prevention and commercial Burglary: A time series analysis

The impact of crime prevention on commercial burglary in a section of Portland, Oregon is assessed. Using time series analysis, and a control area for comparison, some of the problems of previous crime prevention research are addressed. The results of the study discussed show that not only was there a significant reduction in commercial burglary, but the effect persisted. Several rival hypotheses which could explain this reduction are rejected and suggestions for future research are offered.