美国特朗普政府对华贸易冲突的权力逻辑

美国对华贸易冲突折射出特朗普任期内的美国对华经贸战略出现了四个实质性变化。无论就全球层面还是就双边关系以及对美中两国各自的利益而言,特朗普政府的对华贸易冲突都有着特殊的意义。因此,我们必须对这一课题给予足够的重视。从性质来看,美中关系正从战略伙伴质变为竞争对手,其特征是美国将对华接触调整为对华规锁。从逻辑上看,美国特朗普政府对华贸易冲突必须被置于心理预期和大国间权力消长的维度中去加以解读。为有效应对美国的贸易施压,中国既要在坚持底线思维和合作共赢的前提下与美国开展贸易对话,又要坚定不移地贯彻实施科技强国战略,加快推进出口市场多元化战略,积极稳妥地推进对外开放,深化双边、诸边和多边经贸合作。     

特朗普政府贸易保护主义政策冲击:中日韩FTA谈判的机遇与挑战

中日韩FTA谈判启动以来,三国缺乏在敏感领域相互妥协的动力,谈判始终未能取得突破。特朗普政府执政后实施贸易保护主义政策,中日韩受到不同程度冲击,三国在抵御出口下降风险、缓解特朗普政府贸易谈判压力、维护区域一体化整体收益等方面的共同利益,使得中日韩FTA谈判出现新的机遇。然而,政治分歧、历史纷争对经济领域的外溢影响依然存在,中日韩对协定自由化水平的分歧,域外国家对一体化进程干扰等风险也使得中日韩FTA面临新的现实挑战。缔结中日韩FTA仍需各方持续共同努力,中国应在这一进程中发挥更加积极的作用。     

特朗普政府“印太战略构想”评析

特朗普政府推出“印太战略构想”是为了应对世界大变局,替代奥巴马政府“亚太再平衡”战略和保持有利于美国的地区战略平衡。其主要特点包括：在“有原则的现实主义”和“美国优先的国家安全战略”指导下,加强印太地区联盟和伙伴体系;构建“美日澳印四边形安全合作机制”;形成有利于美国的印太地区经济关系。特朗普政府“印太战略构想”将增加美国联盟体系的内在矛盾;美日澳印四边形安全机制面临印度弱角问题;“印太战略构想”目标与财政资源不相称;战略目标之间自相矛盾。特朗普政府“印太战略构想”将进一步增加中美关系的复杂性和竞争性;向美国的盟国和伙伴国发出错误信号;有利于日本加强自身军事实力和扩张海权势力范围。     

China-US Relations in the Trump Era

正To the astonishment of the whole world,against the protest of the American elites,Donald Trump won the presidential election of 2016.Whether you like him or not,President Trump will usher in a new era.Will he fulfill all the promises of the campaign?Will hemake America great again?Will he     

Nuclear Turbulence in the Age of Trump

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons has served as the normative anchor of global nuclear orders since 1968. Remarkably successful with respect to peaceful uses of nuclear energy and non-proliferation, it has failed to achieve nuclear disarmament. In 2017, geopolitical tensions had intensified in several regions across the world; there were no nuclear arms control negotiations between any of the nuclear-armed states and two of the leaders of countries with nuclear weapons appeared volatile and unpredictable. With fewer warheads but spread amongst more countries, some in conflict-prone regions, nuclear risks and threats have grown, as has the realisation that the world lacks the capacity to cope with the humanitarian consequences of nuclear war. Like-minded states and civil society advocates teamed up to heighten the consciousness of nuclear dangers and convened a United Nations-mandated conference to negotiate a prohibition treaty adopted on 7 July. In the ensuing bifurcated global nuclear order, it has become necessary to reconcile latent tensions between the two nuclear regimes, for example with regard to safeguards standards, institutional linkages, and enforcement agencies.     

特朗普政府对朝核问题的危机管理及前景研判

2017年的朝核危机实质上是特朗普政府实施边缘政策而带来的一场危机,即,通过极限施压迫使朝鲜在战争和让步之间做出选择,以推动半岛无核化进程。然而,特朗普政府对朝核问题的危机管理因朝鲜的外交对冲、美国国内政治因素的制约以及国际合作的缺失使双方谈判陷入僵局,美国国内甚至出现是否会默认朝鲜有核的争论。若要真正推动朝鲜半岛无核化取得实质性进展,特朗普政府的现实方案仍是设定有限目标,并由联合国安理会制定可逆条款,约束美朝不信守承诺的行为,以国际社会的担保减少美朝互信缺失带来的消极影响,加快推进半岛无核化的和平进程。     

Mixing Grand Strategies: Trump and International Security

ABSTRACT

When a new President is elected in the United States, the first thing analysts do is define that President’s grand strategy; yet, naming Donald Trump’s grand strategy was a difficult task as his pre-election speeches often contradicted traditional US foreign policy norms. Trump’s ambiguous grand strategy combines two US foreign policy strategies: nationalism in the sense that his preference is for unilateral policies prioritising American interests, and a traditional foreign policy approach, as seen in the moves taken against China and Iran. Surprisingly, this grand strategy unintentionally contributes to cooperation in Eurasia, as actors like Russia, China, Turkey, India and the European Union continue to try to balance the threat from the United States instead of competing with each other, while smaller countries are reluctant to challenge the regional powers due to mistrust towards Trump.     

特朗普政府重构中美关系的抱负与局限

特朗普政府谋求从根本上重构中美关系,重置对华政策的前提与目标、框架与内涵、手段与方式,其所采取的一系列举措涉及面广、颠覆性强,严重削弱了中美战略互信,破坏了两国关系的重要基础,扭转了双边关系的发展方向,加剧了两国关系的紧张、摩擦与动荡,使两国走向对抗与冲突的风险显著上升。与此同时,特朗普政府重构中美关系的努力也受到多种因素制约,这使其实现对华政策目标的能力大打折扣。随着政治经济形势发展变化,美国对华政策还将出现新的调整,中美关系的发展仍然具有很大可塑性。对中国来说,以稳健的实力增长为支撑,以合理的利益交换为出发点,以适合时代潮流的对外政策为工具,致力于塑造良性竞争、互利共赢的中美关系,是当下和今后对美政策的基本思路。     

特朗普政府反恐预警机制改革论析

特朗普上台伊始,以“伊斯兰国”为代表的外部恐怖力量的恶性发展和本土“独狼”式恐怖袭击的频发严重威胁着美国安全,民众不安全感因此持续上升,加之美国反恐系统的缺陷,要求改革美国反恐预警机制的呼声日增。特朗普政府改革反恐预警机制的举措主要包括加强反恐情报搜集和分析、加强与盟友的情报合作与共享机制、加强边界与海关的预防管控、强化反恐预防执法机制、修正国家威胁警报系统公告发布机制等五个方面。纵观特朗普政府执政近两年的反恐预警机制改革实践,其实际效果并不明显。特朗普与情报界的紧张关系及特朗普政府的情报失误、强化移民治理机制、预防恐怖分子政策、对穆斯林敌对性的移民政策、边界预防管控的任性政策及反恐战略的不确定性等,都将影响美国正常反恐预警机制的形成,也会影响美国反恐预警机制的效果与改革方向。美国要预防恐怖主义需要在国内解决社会分裂问题,在国外放弃霸凌政策以缓解反美力量的对美的敌对情绪,美国面临的恐怖威胁才有可能降低。