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1.
This article analyses the productive performance in four manufacturing sectors of the Ivorian economy: textiles and garments, metal products, food processing, wood and furniture. To appraise the productive performance, econometric production frontier models are estimated, illustrating the maximum output attainable from a given quantity of inputs. The frontier and firm efficiency scores are derived from stochastic production functions estimated on cross-sectional data. The stochastic specification of the models allows for the decomposition of the error term into two components, one the normal random effect and the other to account for technical inefficiency that we explain by various exogenous variables describing the economic and institutional environment. Firm size proves to be a statistically significant determinant of the productive performance. Across the four sectors, the positive impact of being large compensates the negative effect of a formal institutional status in an environment where government regulations still prevail. 相似文献
2.
This paper discusses the impact of a leniency program on incentives within cartels. The objective of this program is to encourage a cartel member to confess and implicate his co-conspirators with hard evidence about their collusive agreement. We develop a simple model of cartel behavior under a first-price sealed-bid procurement auction and we show how an effective leniency program can prevent the internal coordination of cartel members. 相似文献
3.
Karine Levasseur 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》2012,55(2):181-202
This article examines how state institutions shape the meaning of charity in Canada. It concludes that the courts have made limited changes to the meaning of charity and that the Department of Finance has resisted redefining charity. In contrast, the Canada Revenue Agency's Charities Directorate has worked to update the meaning of charity, but it does not have the power to amend the tax laws so its changes have been primarily administrative. While these administrative changes may not overcome the central public policy issue related to a narrow interpretation of the meaning of charity, they could shape future definitions depending on the voluntary sector's ability to mobilize around this issue and the receptiveness of the federal government. 相似文献
4.
Shells and Bones: A Forensic Medicine Study of the Association of Terrestrial Snail Allopeas micra with Buried Human Remains in Brazil 下载免费PDF全文
Malthus Fonseca Galvão Ph.D. M.D. José Roberto Pujol‐Luz Ph.D. Cristiane Vieira de Assis Pujol‐Luz Ph.D. Cássio Thyone Almeida de Rosa B.Sc. Luiz Ricardo L. Simone Ph.D. M.D. Sônia Nair Báo Ph.D. Karine Brenda Barros‐Cordeiro M.Sc. Larissa Pessoa M.Sc. Giovanna Bissacot D.M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(5):1369-1372
Little is known regarding the scavenger fauna associated with buried human corpses, particularly in clandestine burials. We report the presence of 20 shells of the terrestrial snail Allopeas micra, within hollow bones of human remains buried for 5 years, during the process of collecting DNA material. The fact that a large number of shells of A. micra had been found in the corpse and in the crime scene supports the assumption that there was no attempt to remove the corpse from the area where the crime occurred. Despite this, our observations cannot be used to estimate the postmortem interval because there is no precise knowledge about the development of this species. This is the first record of a terrestrial snail associated with a human corpse and its role in this forensic medicine case. 相似文献
5.
Members of the Norwegian Parliament were interviewed about their use of cost-benefit analysis in the political treatment of a road investment plan. Most respondents found the cost-benefit ratio useful as a screening device to pick projects requiring closer political attention, but few seemed to actually use it to rank projects. Attitudes towards cost-benefit analysis varied along the left-right political axis, with politicians to the left being the most sceptical. These findings are consistent with a hypothesis that politicians rationally maximize subjective, but different, perceptions of social welfare. 相似文献
6.
In 2003, the Workers’ Party took federal office in Brazil on an agenda of social inclusion and popular participation. This paper explores attempts to implement that agenda in big infrastructure projects in the Amazon: the BR-163 road and the Belo Monte dam. We argue that overlapping inequalities (between social groups, within the bureaucracy and between territorial centre and periphery) result in uneven state capacities for implementing projects in the Amazon. This framework helps explain why the government has moved much faster in building infrastructure than in implementing participatory social and environmental programmes that would benefit affected local communities. 相似文献
7.
Karine Peschard 《The Journal of peasant studies》2017,44(1):144-168
Drawing on interviews with Indian and Brazilian farmers’ rights activists, lawyers, agronomists and plant breeders, this article aims at better understanding how farmers’ rights are protected on paper and implemented on the ground in these two countries. Brazil and India offer important case studies because they are biologically megadiverse countries, and because small farmers represent an important segment of the rural economy. In this article, I show that India has adopted an ownership approach to farmers’ rights, while Brazil leans towards a stewardship approach. Based on an examination of the progress made in enforcing these rights, I further argue that the stewardship model adopted by Brazil is more conducive to the realization of farmers’ rights, and I explore why this is the case. Finally, I show how farmers’ rights provisions in the Brazilian and Indian legislations represent fragile gains that could be curtailed by several bills currently under discussion in the field of seed and plant variety protection. 相似文献
8.
Michael G. Faure Karine Fiore 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2008,8(3):227-248
In Western Europe, the nuclear liability is governed by two international conventions, drafted by the Nuclear Energy Agency
of the OECD: the Paris (1960) and Brussels (1963) Conventions. These conventions traditionally limited the liability of the
nuclear power plant operators to relatively low amounts. In France, the liability of the (state owned) operator of €91 million
is covered by insurance (for €31 million) and reserves (for €60 million). A recent modification to the conventions occurred
in 2004 and increased the liability limit to €700 million. In this paper we aim to evaluate the costs for covering the increased
liability for the nuclear risk after the introduction of the 2004 amendments. In order to do so, we calculate the actuarial
insurance premium for the nuclear risk and find that the current premium charge is very large. The paper tries to explain
the high price of nuclear liability insurance. Also the costs of the own reserves for the coverage of potential nuclear accidents
are examined. We then aim to evaluate the different options (mostly insurance and reserves) and indicate the optimal combination
of both instruments to cover the future operators’ liability limit, introduced by the latest 2004 amending Protocols.
相似文献
Karine Fiore (Corresponding author)Email: |
9.
Forensic Use of A Subtropical Blowfly: The First Case Indicating Minimum Postmortem Interval (mPMI) in Southern Brazil and First Record of Sarconesia Chlorogaster from a Human Corpse 下载免费PDF全文
Karine P. Vairo M.Sc. Rodrigo C. Corrêa M.Sc. Melise C. Lecheta M.Sc. Maria F. Caneparo M.Sc. Kleber M. Mise Ph.D. Daniel Preti BSc. Claudio J.B. de Carvalho Ph.D. Lucia M. Almeida Ph.D. Mauricio O. Moura Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(Z1):S257-S260
Southern Brazil is unique due to its subtropical climate. Here, we report on the first forensic entomology case and the first record of Sarconesia chlorogaster (Wiedemann) in a human corpse in this region. Flies' samples were collected from a body indoors at 20°C. Four species were found, but only Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and S. chlorogaster were used to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (mPMI). The mPMI was calculated using accumulated degree hour (ADH) and developmental time. The S. chlorogaster puparium collected was light in color, so we used an experiment to establish a more accurate estimate for time since initiation of pupation where we found full tanning after 3 h. Development of C. albiceps at 20°C to the end of the third instar is 7.4 days. The mPMI based on S. chlorogaster (developmental time until the third instar with no more than 3 h of pupae development) was 7.6 days. 相似文献