双重视角下的歌谣学研究--北大《歌谣周刊》对中国歌谣学研究的贡献

北大《歌谣周刊》不仅是中国第一个民间文学刊物和民俗学刊物 ,还是中国最早的和惟一的专门的歌谣研究刊物。它使中国的歌谣学研究初具形态与规模 ,也理所当然地成为当时中国歌谣研究的中心。在民间文学和歌谣学因长期走文学化的道路而陷于困境的今天 ,该刊物从民俗学和文学的双重视角研究歌谣便具有更深的启发与指导意义。     

Evaluation of ABO and Lewis genotypes using primer extension preamplification

There are some difficulties with blood typing from ABO variant bloodstains and Lewis negative samples using serologic methods. In these samples, DNA analysis should be employed simultaneously to avoid errors in typing. Primer extension preamplification (PEP) produces copies of template DNA. The minimum quantity to examine nucleotide substitutions of ABO and Lewis genotypes by PCR ranged from 1 to 3 ng DNA. The PCR products with or without PEP treatment showed identical ABO and Lewis genotyping results. Performing both serologic and PCR testing served to crosscheck the ABO and Lewis grouping of such specimens. Errors in ABO and Lewis typing can be avoided as discrepancies are investigated further. The application of the PEP method to limited amounts of DNA samples for ABO and Lewis blood groupings is useful.     

The Dilemma in Japanese Political Situation

On July 11, 2010, the 22^nd Senate election was held in Japan with the ruling Democratic Party that has just came into power for less than one year suffering a big loss. Once again, the ruling and opposition parties gained the majority seats in the House of Representative and the Senate respectively, resulting in a ~twisted Congress＂. Against this backdrop, the forthcoming election for Democratic representatives is regarded as a crisis election.     

韦恩·莫里森《法理学——从古希腊到后现代》

震撼于哈特在《法律的概念》一书中对奥斯丁 思想的误读,韦恩·莫里森萌发了编写一本“既可 以作为法理学研究的导读,又可以使法理学课程 通常研究的各种人物的成就成为背景知识”的法 理学教科书的念头,而摆放在我们面前的这本煌 煌近八十万字的巨著就是这一念头萌发之后作者 数年艰辛的杰出成果。正如莫里森在该书前言中 所暗示的,《法理学——从古希腊到后现代》(以下 简称“《法理学》”)旨在为当代的法理学讨论引入 历史的维度和语境的视角,从而避免对先前学者 思想的“具有表面价值的过于简单的断言”。这是…     

犯罪人的本质属性辨析

The difference between criminals and non-criminals has always been a topic for criminal psychologists. It is easy to describe the features of offences by their social and legal attributes, while it is still difficult to find any significant difference of the features from ontological perspective of criminals. To get to know criminals from the point of personality, we may discover the essential features of criminals. However, while acknowledging the role of personality, the variables such as situations, moods and social relationships can not be neglected. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to study the personality mechanism of criminals. Zhang Shaogang, an associate professor in Communication University of China, also acts as compere in the program of the “Jinri Shuofa” (legal report) and “Dajia Kanfa” (all get close to the law). Since 2006, he became a Ph.D candidate at China University of Political Science and Law, majoring in the direction of criminal psychology. His publications include “TV Planning Outline”, “On the New Planning of TV”, “Television Programs and Program Planning”. The large-scale live broadcasts called “20 Hours of Life” referring to three cross-strait districts, presided by him, achieved the first prize of China News Awards in the category of live televisions.     

The Heritability of Palatal Rugae Morphology Among Siblings*†

Although there is clinical applicability of the palatal rugae as an identification tool in forensic odontology, controversy exists whether the palatal rugae patterns are stable or variable. The greater the genetic component, the higher the probability that palatal rugae patterns are stable. The aim of this study was to compare the palatal rugae morphology between full siblings and the proportion of variability due to genetic component. This cross-sectional study was conducted on digital models of 162 siblings aged 15–30 years old. The palatal rugae patterns were assessed with Thomas and Kotze (1983) classification using Geomagic Studio software (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC). The palatal rugae morphology between siblings showed significantly similar characteristics for total number of left rugae (p = 0.001), left primary rugae (p = 0.017), secondary rugae for right (p = 0.024) and left sides (p = 0.001), right straight rugae (p = 0.010), and right convergent rugae (p = 0.005) accounting for at least 6.25%-12.8% of the variability due to heredity. Despite the similarities found, the palatal rugae patterns showed significant differences between siblings of at least 46.9% (p = 0.001). Zero heritability was found in 9 of the 14 rugae patterns. Meanwhile, total number of rugae, primary, backward, and convergent rugae showed moderate heritability (h² > 0.3) and total number of secondary rugae showed high heritability (h² > 0.6). In conclusion, despite the individuality characteristics, an appreciable hereditary component is observed with significant similarities found between sibling pairs and the palatal rugae patterns were both environmentally and genetically influenced.     

细菌CpG-DNA对犬免疫增强效果的研究

以犬瘟热病毒为模式病毒,将CpG-DNA与铝胶、蜂胶2种对照佐剂分别与犬瘟热病毒灭活疫苗配合,给犬接种疫苗前后用微量中和试验抽查血清中和抗体效价,根据抗体效价高低判断佐剂的免疫增强效果.结果表明,3种佐剂疫苗均能诱导产生特异性抗体,但组间抗体效价有显著差异(P＜0.01),CpG-DNA的免疫增强作用明显高于其它2种佐剂,CpG-DNA所诱导的抗体效价较蜂胶佐剂高5倍,较铝胶佐剂高7倍.     

Australia and Japan's Admission into the Colombo Plan

In October 1954 Japan was admitted to the Colombo Plan as a donor country with Australia's sponsorship. The dramatic shift in Australia's position on Japan's involvement in the Colombo Plan, from strong opposition to sponsorship, was recognised by the Japanese government as the first Australian initiative to improve the bilateral relationship since the resumption of diplomatic relations in April 1952. This article examines Japan's attempts to participate in the Colombo Plan and considers how Australia's actions and reactions determined the course of events. The episode provides an insight into how Australian diplomacy was conducted towards Japan and the Japanese view of its relations with Australia at the initial stage of the bilateral relationship.     

Simultaneous determination of eight catechins and four theaflavins in bottled tea by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for forensic analysis

Tea, and particularly bottled tea, is widely consumed worldwide and is often encountered at crime scenes in poisoning cases or used in place of urine in drug abuse monitoring. Tea is a rich source of polyphenols, such as catechins and theaflavins, and these compounds are useful for identification of trace quantities of tea samples. However, information on the contents of catechins and theaflavins in bottled tea is limited. In this study, a method was developed for simultaneous analysis of eight catechins and four theaflavins in tea using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The concentrations of these polyphenols were determined in bottled black, oolong, and green teas after a simple pretreatment process by the standard addition method. The developed LC-MS/MS method was rapid and all tested polyphenol compounds were separated within ~14 min. All tea types contained all the catechins, at varying concentrations, but not all the theaflavins were present in all the tea types. This indicates that the theaflavin composition reflects the degree of the fermentation and could be used for discrimination among different types of tea. All the green tea samples contained all eight catechins; however, the concentrations of these compounds varied among the tea samples. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were useful for discrimination of samples. It has been unclear whether the variations of chemical components are useful for forensic discrimination. Our results demonstrate that, in addition to identification of tea varieties, catechins and theaflavins can be used for the discrimination of bottled tea samples.